This document discusses infection control, including definitions, objectives, strategies, and the importance of infection control. It describes the components of an infection control program in a hospital setting, including establishing an infection control committee and team. The roles and responsibilities of the committee and team are outlined. Standard precautions like hand washing, barriers, and sharp disposal are also detailed.
Measures practiced by health care personnel to prevent spread, transmission and acquisition of infection between clients, from health care providers to client and from client to health care providers.
-definition
-why is infection control important in health care facilities
-nosocomial infection
-standard precaution
-additional precaution
-role of infection control nurse
- donning of Ppe kit
- doffing of ppe kit
All these are explained in details with images
Infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission.
Measures practiced by health care personnel to prevent spread, transmission and acquisition of infection between clients, from health care providers to client and from client to health care providers.
-definition
-why is infection control important in health care facilities
-nosocomial infection
-standard precaution
-additional precaution
-role of infection control nurse
- donning of Ppe kit
- doffing of ppe kit
All these are explained in details with images
Infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission.
Infection prevention & control general orientation [compatibility mode]drnahla
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Infection prevention & control general orientation
Dr. Nahla Abdel Kader, MD, PhD.
Infection Control Consultant, MOH
Infection Control CBAHI Surveyor
Infection Prevention Control Director
KKH.
updated guidelines of hospital infection control, as mentioned in the ppt. its not all the guidelines but yes a brief overview and for further details refer to hospital infection control guidelines pdf.which is available in my uploads.
Infection control and prevention, Nosocomial infection & universal precaution...Rahat Aziz
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An infection is the successful invasion of an organism to body tissue by disease causing agents, their multiplication and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
The Center for Disease Control (CDC) defines Universal Precautions as âa set of precautions designed to prevent transmission of Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), and other blood borne pathogens when providing first aid health care.â
Hospital Acquired Infection/ Nosocomial Infection also referred to as healthcare-associated infections (HAI), are infection(s) acquired during the process of receiving health care that was not present during the time of admission.
Infection Prevention and Control in Hospitals by Dr DeleKemi Dele-Ijagbulu
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Infection prevention and control is everybody's business! It is an essential, though often under-recognised and under supported part of the infrastructure of health care. However it saves lives and prevents avoidable morbidity and mortality. This presentation highlights the importance and the practical components of infection prevention and control in the hospital setting.
Infection prevention & control general orientation [compatibility mode]drnahla
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Infection prevention & control general orientation
Dr. Nahla Abdel Kader, MD, PhD.
Infection Control Consultant, MOH
Infection Control CBAHI Surveyor
Infection Prevention Control Director
KKH.
updated guidelines of hospital infection control, as mentioned in the ppt. its not all the guidelines but yes a brief overview and for further details refer to hospital infection control guidelines pdf.which is available in my uploads.
Infection control and prevention, Nosocomial infection & universal precaution...Rahat Aziz
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An infection is the successful invasion of an organism to body tissue by disease causing agents, their multiplication and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
The Center for Disease Control (CDC) defines Universal Precautions as âa set of precautions designed to prevent transmission of Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), and other blood borne pathogens when providing first aid health care.â
Hospital Acquired Infection/ Nosocomial Infection also referred to as healthcare-associated infections (HAI), are infection(s) acquired during the process of receiving health care that was not present during the time of admission.
Infection Prevention and Control in Hospitals by Dr DeleKemi Dele-Ijagbulu
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Infection prevention and control is everybody's business! It is an essential, though often under-recognised and under supported part of the infrastructure of health care. However it saves lives and prevents avoidable morbidity and mortality. This presentation highlights the importance and the practical components of infection prevention and control in the hospital setting.
The facility will obtain and maintain current guidance and signage advisories on disease-specific response actions from the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). For more details please view this presentation - https://highlandrehabandnursing.com/
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
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June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMENâS HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHATâS NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganongâs Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Report Back from SGO 2024: Whatâs the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
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Are you curious about whatâs new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Womenâs Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
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NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMENâS CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. Thatâs why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminateâŠDr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMENâS CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. Thatâs why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminateâŠDr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowmanâs Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
Itâs work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
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i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
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Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
2. DEFINITION:
The definition of infection is the process
of bacteria or viruses invading the
body or making someone ill or
diseased.
When you catch a cold, this is
an example of an infection.
3. INFECTION CONTROL
Infection control is the discipline
concerned with preventing nosocomial
or healthcare-associated infection.
It is an essential (though often under-
recognized and under-supported) part of the
infrastructure of health care.
4. Infection control addresses factors
related to the spread of infections within
the health-care setting, including
prevention, monitoring/investigation of
demonstrated or suspected spread of
infection within a particular health-care
setting, and management.
5. OBJECTIVES OF INFCTION CONTROL:-
To protect the patient and members of the
hospital team from contracting infections
during hospital procedures
To reduce the numbers of pathogenic micro-
organisms in the dental operatory to the lowest
possible level.
To implement a high standard of infection
control when treating every patient (universal
precautions)
6. STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE INFECTION
CONTROL:-
All patients must be screened.
Barriers for personal protection.
Careful aseptic techniques.
Sterilization & disinfection.
Disposal of contaminated waste safely.
7. IMPORTANCE OF INFECTION CONTROL
Prevents post procedure infections
Results in high-quality, safe services
Prevents infections in service providers
and other staff
Protects the community from infections that
originate from health care facilities
Prevents the spread of antibiotic-
resistant microorganisms
Lowers the costs of health care services,
since prevention is cheaper than
treatment.
8. HOSPITAL INFECTION CONTROL
PROGRAMME
The aim of the Hospital Infection
Control Program is dissemination of
information, surveillance activities,
investigation, prevention and control
of nosocomial infections in the
hospitals.
9. Nosocomial infections affects approximately
2 million patients annually in acute care
facilities in our country and their annual
patient care costs several millions of rupees.
Studies shows that nearly one-third of
nosocomial infections can be prevented by a
well organised infection control programme.
But only less than 10% are actually
prevented.
10. To be effective the infections control
programme should include the following.
1. Organised surveillance and control
activities
2. One infection control practitioner
for every major Health Facility.
3. A Trained Hospital Epidemiologist
11. THE IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF THE
INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM ARE:
Basic measures for infection control, i.e.
standard and additional precautions.
Education and training of health care workers;
Protection of health care workers, e.g.
immunization.
Identification of hazards and minimizing risks.
Routine practices essential to infection control
such as aseptic techniques .
Use of single use devices, reprocessing of
instruments and equipment.
12. Antibiotic usage, management of
blood/body fluid exposure.
Handling and use of blood and blood
products.
Surveillance
incident monitoring;
outbreak investigation;
infection control in specific situations; and
Research
sound management of medical waste;
13. ORGANIZATION OF AN INFECTION
CONTROL PROGRAM
As with all other functions of a health care
facility, ultimate responsibility for prevention &
control of infection rests with the health
administrator.
The hospital administrator/head of hospital
should establish an infection control committee
which will in turn appoint an infection control
team;
Provide adequate resources for effective
functioning of the infection control program.
14. In the majority of countries Infection
control program (ICP), typically operates
on two levels: an executive body â the
infection control team (ICT) â and an
advisory body to the hospital management â
the infection control committee (ICC) â
which adopts the âlegislativeâ role of policy
making.
1. INFECTION CONTROL COMMITTEE
2. INFECTION CONTROLTEAM
3. INFECTION CONTROLMANUAL
15. INFECTION CONTROL COMMITTEE:-
It is a multidisciplinary committee
responsible for monitoring program
policies implementation and recommend
corrective actions.
It includes representatives from different
concerned hospital departments &
management. They meet bimonthly.
It establishes standards for patient care, it
reviews & assesses IC reports and identifies
areas of intervention.
16. The hospital ICC is charged with the
responsibility for the planning, evaluation of
evidenced-based practice & implementation,
prioritization and resource allocation of all
matters relating to infection control.
The ICC must have a reporting relationship
directly to either administration or the
medical staff to promote ICP visibility and
effectiveness. The ICC should meet
regularly (monthly) according to local need
17. TEAM MEMBERS TO BE AUTHORISED:-
Team should have authority to manage
an effective control program.
Team should have a direct reporting
with senior administration.
Infection control team members or are
responsible for day-to-day functions of IC
and preparing the yearly work plan.
They should be expert & creative in their
job.
18. THE ICC HAS THE FOLLOWING TASKS:-
To review and approve the annual plan for
infection control
To review and approve the infection control
policies.
To support the IC team and direct
resources toaddress problems as identified
To ensure availability of appropriate supplies
To review epidemiological surveillance data
and identify area for intervention.
19. To assess and promote improved
practice at all levels of the health care
facility
To ensure appropriate training in
infection control and safety.
To review risks associated with new
technology and new devices prior to
their approval for use.
To review and provide input into
an outbreak investigation
20. THE ROLE OF ICN:-
Identify, investigate and monitor infections,
hazardous practice and procedures
Participate in the preparation of documents
relating toservice specifications and quality
standards.
Participate in training and educational
programs and inmembership of relevant
committees where infection control input is
needed
21. Educate individuals and groups about the
risk, prevention, transmission, and control of
infection, disease-specific care, appropriate
precautions, & appropriate assessments
Investigate, manage and conduct surveillance
of suspected and confirmed outbreaks of
infection
Training and education under the supervision
of ICO
Increase awareness among patients & visitors
about infection control
Maintain infection control standard & policies.
22. INFECTION CONTROL MANUAL:-
Every Hospital should have a nosocomial
infection prevention manual or a Hospital
associated infection prevention manual
containing recommended instructions and
practices for patient care.
The manual should be developed and updated
by the infection control team and reviewed
and approved by the committee.
It must be made readily available for
health care workers, and updated in a
timely fashion.
24. STANDARD PRECAUTIONS:
These measures must be applied during every
patient care, during exposure to any potentially
infected material or body fluids as blood and
others.
Components:
A. Hand washing.
B. Barrier precautions.
C. Sharp disposal.
D. Handling of contaminated material.
25.
26. HAND WASHING:-
Hand washing is the single most effective
precaution for prevention of infection
transmission between patients and staff.
Hand washing with plain soap is mechanical
removal of soil and transient bacteria (for 10-
15 sec.)
Hand antisepsis is removal & destroys of
transient flora using anti-microbial soap or
alcohol based hand rub (for 60 sec.)
27.
28.
29. BARRIER PRECAUTIONS
A general term referring to any method or device
used to reducec ontact with potentially infectios
body fluids, including.
facial masks, double gloving & fluid-resistant gowns
gloves;
protective eye wear (goggles);
mask;
apron;
gown;
boots/shoe covers; and
Cap/hair cover.
30. SHARPE DISPOSAL
Sharps are objects or devices that have been used in patient
care, medical, research, or industrial laboratories. Sharps can
be glass, metal, or plastic with rigid corners, sharp edges, or
protruding pieces that can slice, scrape or pierce the skin.
Sharps may include (but arenât limited to):
Acupuncture needles
Broken glass or capillary tubes
Blood vials
Scalpel blades
Syringes with and without needles
Suture needles
Trauma scene waste that can cut,slice or pierce
Culture dishes and slides
Tubing with needles
Needles and tubing