Measures practiced by health care personnel to prevent spread, transmission and acquisition of infection between clients, from health care providers to client and from client to health care providers. -definition -why is infection control important in health care facilities -nosocomial infection -standard precaution -additional precaution -role of infection control nurse - donning of Ppe kit - doffing of ppe kit All these are explained in details with images

1. PRESENTED BY
M. Sc. Nursing final year students

2. DEFINITION
Measures practiced by health care personnel to prevent spread, transmission and
acquisition of infection between clients, from health care providers to clients & from
clients to health care provider.
Infection control is a health care facility in the prevention of the spread of micro-
organisms from: -
• Patient to patient
• Patient to staff member
• Staff member to patient
• Staf member to staff member

3. WHY IS INFECTION CONTROL IMPORTANT
IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES ?

4. CONTD.
In most health care facilities many sick people are treated or cared for in
confined spaces. This means there are many micro-organisms present. Patient
will come into contact with many members of staff who can potentially
spread the micro-organism and infections between patients.
Large amount of waste contaminated with blood and body substances are
handled and processed in health care settings increasing the risk of infection.
Controlling the spread of infections in a health care facility is, therefore, very
important.

5. WHAT IS NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION ?
A hospital- acquired infection, also known as nosocomial infection. It
is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other health care facility.

6. INFECTION CONTROL IS BASED ON
STANDARD
PRECAUTION
ADDITIONAL
PRECAUTION

7. STANDARD PRECAUTION
Set of infection control practices used to prevent
transmission of diseases that can be acquired by
contact with blood, body fluids, and mucus.

8. Steps used for standard precaution
1. HANDWASHING: - it is also known as hand hygiene is the act of
cleaning hands for the purpose of removing soil, dirt & microorganisms.

9. 2. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT: -
Specialized clothing or
equipment won by an
employee for protection
against infectious
materials -

10. 3. STERILIZATION: -
It is a process intended
to kill all
microorganisms and is
the highest level of
microbial kill that is
possible.

11. Four main ways for sterilization
A. AUTOCLAVE B. DRY HEAT
(high pressure steam) (in an oven)

12. .
C. CHEMICAL STERILANTS D. RADIATION
(Formaldehyde solution) (with the help of physical agents)

13. 4. DECONTAMINATION: -
It is the reduction in number of microorganisms on an
object or surface but not the complete destruction of kill
microorganisms or spores. Disinfection is less effective
than sterilization because it does not kill bacterial
endospores.
•With liquid chemicals on surfaces
•Ultraviolet light has also been used.

14. 5. CLEANING: -
The hospital’s housekeeping department is
responsible for the regular and routine cleaning of
all surfaces and maintaining a high level of hygiene
in the facility in collaboration with the function
control committee.

15. 6. WASTE MANAGEMENT: -
It is the collection,
transport, processing or
disposal, managing &
monitoring of waste
material.

16. ADDITIONAL PRECAUTIONS
AIRBORNE
PRECAUTION
DROPLET
PRECAUTION
CONTACT
PECAUTION

17. 1. AIR BORNE PRECAUTIONS
Dust particles containing infections agents can
remain suspended in the air for long periods of time.
E.g. T.B, Measles & Chicken Pox.

18. 2. DROPLET PRECAUTIONS
Propelled short distances through the air. Deposited
on host’s conjunctiva, nasal mucosa or mouth.
E.g. Streptococcal pharyngitis, mumps, influenza,
rubella, pneumonia, sepsis.

19. 3. CONTACT PRECAUTIONS
Frequent mode of transmission for nosocomial
infections. It can be through Direct contact and
Indirect contact transmission.

20. ROLE OF INFECTION CONTROL
NURSE
• Visits all wards and high risk units.
• Checking nursing supervision’s register & records for cases suggestive of
infection.
• Collection of sample from different areas of the hospitals and sending them
to the lab.
• Daily visit to microbiology lab to ascertain results of sample collected.
• Monitoring and supervision of infection among hospital staffs.
• Training of nursing and paramedical personnel on correct hygiene practices
and aseptic technique.

21. ROLE OF NURSE IN CONTROL & PREVENTION
OF INFECTION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: -
• Nurse should monitor & supervise the cleanliness, hygiene
practice to manage infection prevention & control in hospital.
• Covid-19 specific precaution were draws among the health care
personnels such as waste management.
• Proper donning and doffing of PPE kit

22. DONNING OF PPE KIT
Gown
Mask or respirator
Goggles or face shield
Gloves

23. DOFFING OF PPE KIT
Gloves
Goggles of face shield
Gown
Mask or respirator
Hand wash

24. .