2. INDUSTRIES
Industries are businesses that convert raw
goods in to useful products and services
An industry can be thought of as a large-
scale manufacturing unit which utilises a
high degree of automation and
specialisation.
The industries perform activities such as
raising, processing, producing and
selling
3. A nations economic growth is
based on its industry
The more productive the
industry, more is the national
wealth
4. Advantages of industries
Manufacturing is the industry upon
which the economic successes of
industrialised nations are built
There will be greater productivity and a
higher national income.
The development of industries the
growth of a country’s per capita
income.
5. Industrialisation creates many and
varied employment opportunities.
To improve agriculture, better farm
machinery, chemical fertilizers and
pesticides are required. These
requirements of agriculture can only be
met by large industries. Therefore, we
can say that agriculture is the backbone
of the economy and industry is the
energy.
6. The development of industries
helps in maintaining a proper
balance between the agriculture
industry and tertiary sector.
Industries contribute to an increase
in the income and purchasing
power of people
Industries are indispensable for
national defence.
7. Levels of industries
3 Different levels based on their
output or production
1.Primary Industries
2.Secondary Industries
3.Tertiary Industries
8. 1.Primary Industries
Primary industries are the industries that extract or
obtain raw materials from the earth from which
useful items can be made.
Extraction of raw materials includes mining
activities, forestry, agriculture & fishing
9. 2. Secondary Industries
Secondary industries are the industries that transform
raw materials into usable product through processing
& manufacturing
.Example :
Bakeries that make flour into bread.
Factories that change metals & plastics into vehicles.
10. 3.Tertiary Industries
Tertiary industries are the industries that
provide essential service & support to allow
other levels of industries to function.
Examples:
Transportation, Finance, Utilities,
Education, Retail, Housing, Medical &
Other services.
11.
12. Classification of Industries
Industries can be classified on the basis of
their size, raw material & ownership.
Classification on the basis of raw material
1.Agro based industries
2.Mineral Based Industries
3.Forest based Industries
4.Marine based Industries
13. On the basis of total capital input, number
of workers employed, volume of product-
industries can be classified into-
1.Small scale industry
2.Large scale industry
3.Cottage industry
14. 1.Small scale industry
A small scale industry is owned & run
by individuals with the help of small
number of workers.
Example: Leather works, Bangle
making , Sugar and vegetable oil
industry.
15.
16. 2.Large scale industry
A large scale industry requires huge capital,
investments, superior technology and produces a large
value of products.
Example: Cotton textile, iron, steel & automobile
industry
17.
18. 3.Cottage industry
A cottage industry is a small scale industry often
operated within a home, rather than in a factory.
Example: They showcase local traditional culture like
basket making, pot.tery, beedi workers
19.
20. Classification on the basis of
ownership
1.Private sector industries
2.Public sector industries
3.Joint sector industries
4.Cooperative sector industries.
