Antarctica is the coldest, windiest, and driest place on Earth. It is a continent surrounded by ocean at the South Pole, covered 98% in ice. The climate is extremely cold, with recorded temperatures as low as -128.6°F. Fewer than 2 inches of snow falls per year on average. Antarctica has no permanent human residents due to its harsh climate of freezing temperatures, strong winds, and blizzards, though about 4,000 seasonal visitors come mainly for scientific research.

1. Antarctica – Coldest and Least
Friendly Place on Earth

2. Geography - Antarctica
• Icy continent at the South Pole.
• Covered by permafrost (permanently frozen
ground)
• Surrounded by water
• About 1 1/2 times larger than the United States
• Has the world's largest desert is on Antarctica
• 98% of the land is covered with ice
• Has about 87% of the world's ice.

3. Climate – Antarctica
• Coldest, windiest, and driest place on Earth.
• The coldest temperature ever recorded on
Earth was at the South Pole; it reached -
128.6°F !
• On average, most of Antarctica gets less than
2 inches of snow fall each year.

4. • Why do you think that Antarctica is so much
colder than the Arctic?

5. • Antarctica is a continent surrounded by an ocean which
means that interior areas do not benefit from the
moderating influence of water.
• With 98% of its area covered with snow and ice, the
Antarctic continent reflects most of the sun's light
rather than absorbing it.
• During the winter, the size of Antarctica doubles as the
surrounding sea water freezes, effectively blocking heat
transfer from the warmer surrounding ocean.
• Antarctica has a higher average elevation than any
other continent on Earth which results in even colder
temperatures.

6. ICE
• Thickest ice is 15,000 feet thick. That’s
• About 5,000 feet in a mile
• Estimate how many miles thick the ice can be in
Antarctica.
• How thick was the ice at your house a few weeks
ago?

7. People - Antarctica
• No permanent human residents (because of
the extreme weather, which includes freezing
temperatures, strong winds, and blizzards).
• There are about 4,000 seasonal visitors to
Antarctica (mainly scientific expeditions).

8. • How about some Antarctica jokes ?

9. •
Q: What's a penguin's
favorite salad?

10. •
A: Iceberg lettuce.

11. •Q: What did the sea
say to the iceberg ?

12. •A: Nothing, it just
waved.

13. •Q: What do penguins
eat for lunch?

14. •A: Ice burg-ers.

15. •Q: Who's the
penguin's favorite
Aunt?

16. •A: Aunt-arctica

17. Walking Across Antarctica

18. What did you learn?

19. Goal for this part of the unit:
• Research Project on Penguins

20. 17 species of penguins – You get TWO
• Adelie
• African
• Chinstrap
• Emperor
• Erect Crested
• Fairy
• Fjordland Crested
• Galapagos
• Gentoo
• Humboldt
• King
• Macaroni
• Magellanic
• Rockhopper
• Royal
• Snares Island
• Yellow Eyed
PenguinsofAntarctica

21. Here’s what you will learn . . .
Physical description
Diet
Habitat
Other interesting features

22. Here’s how you will demonstrate what
you have learned . . .

23. Example on

26. Questions?

27. Line up …
let’s pick penguins to research.