The document discusses key aspects of the Indian Constitution. It begins by defining what a constitution is - a set of rules and principles that a country agrees to govern itself by. The Indian Constitution was needed to establish guidelines for governance and protect fundamental rights and minorities after independence from British rule. It established India as a democratic federal parliamentary republic with separation of powers among the executive, legislature and judiciary. Key features include fundamental rights, secularism, and a federal system with a central and state governments. Duties of citizens are also outlined.

1. INDIAN CONSTITUTION

3. THE CONSTITUTION - MEANING
A set of rules and principles that all persons
in a country can agree upon as the basis of
the way in which they want the country to
be governed.
The constitution is not an instrument for
government to restrain people, it is an
instrument for people to restrain
government.

4. NEED OF THE CONSTITUTION
Constitution plays a crucial role in laying
out certain important guidelines that
govern.
The Right to Equality is one of the
fundamental Rights, guaranteed by the
Indian constitution.
Ensures that a dominant group does not
use its power against the minorities.
Constitution is to save us from ourselves

5. NEED OF THE CONSTITUTION
The Constitution helps to protect us against
certain decisions that we might take that
could have an adverse effect on the larger
principles that the country believes in.

6. GOOD CONSTITUTION
A good Constitution does not allow to
change its basic structure.
 It does not allow for the easy overthrow of
provisions that guarantee rights of citizens
and protect their freedom.

7. THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION: BACKGROUND
Under the British, Indians had been forced
to obey rules that they had very little role
in policy making.
The long experience of authoritarian rule
under the colonial state convinced Indians
that free India should be a democracy in
which everyone should be treated equally
and be allowed to participate in
government.

8. THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION: KEY FEATURES
Parliamentary Form of
Government
A federal system
Separation of Powers
Fundamental Rights
Secularism

9. A FEDERAL SYSTEM
The existence of more than one level
of government in the country
Central Government
State Government
Local Government

10. PARLIAMENTARY FORM OF GOVERNMENT
The people of India have a direct
role in electing their representatives

11. SEPARATION OF POWERS
Legislature,
The executive and
The judiciary

13. Union legislature
The union legislature is known as parliament.
Parliament consists of president , lok sabha , Rajya sabha.
Lok sabha & Rajya sabha are two houses of parliament.

14. Lok sabha

16. Rajya sabha

18. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
1. Right to Equality
2. Right to Freedom
3. Right against Exploitation
4. Right to Freedom of Religion
5. Cultural and Educational Rights
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies

19. RIGHT TO EQUALITY
All persons are equal
before the law.
This means that all persons
shall be equally protected
by the laws of the country.

20. RIGHT TO FREEDOM
the right to freedom of speech and
expression, the right to form
associations, the right to move
freely and reside in any part of the
country,and the right to practise any
profession, occupation or business.

21. RIGHT TO EXPLOITATION
The Constitution prohibits
trafficking, forced labour, and
children working under 14 years of
age.

22. RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION
Religious freedom is provided to all
citizens. Every person has the right
to practise, profess and propagate
the religion of their choice.

23. CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS
The Constitution states that all
minorities, religious or linguistic,
can set up their own educational
institutions in order to preserve and
develop their own culture.

24. RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES
This allows citizens to move the
court if they believe that any of their
Fundamental Rights have been
violated by the State.

25. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the
National Flag and the National Anthem.
(b)To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national
struggle for freedom.
(c)To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
(d)To defend the country and render national service when called upon to
do so.
(e)To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst
all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or
sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of
women.
(f)To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
Duties of citizen

26. (h)To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of
inquiry and reform.
(i)To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
(j)To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and
collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher
levels of endeavor and achievement.
(g)To protect and improve the natural environment including
forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for
living creatures.
Duties of citizen

27. THANK YOU