fundamental rights and duties in society

2. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
AND DUTIES

4. DEFINITION
 Fundamental Rights are essential human rights
that are offered to every citizen irrespective of
caste, race, creed, place of birth, religion or gender.
These are equal to freedoms and these rights are
essential for personal good and the society at
large.

5. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
 The Right to EQUALITY.
 The Right to FREEDOM.
 The Right to Freedom from EXPLOITATION.
 The Right to FREEDOM OF RELIGION.
 cultural and EDUCATIONAL Rights.
 The Right to CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES.

6. RIGHT TO EQUALITY

7.  Equality before Law :- Article 14 of the constitution guarantees
that all citizens shall be equally protected by the laws of the country.
 Social equality and equal access to public areas:- Article 15 of
the constitution states that no person shall be discriminated on the
basis of caste, color, language etc. Every person shall have equal
access to public places like public parks, museums, wells, bathing
ghats and temples etc. However, the State may make any special
provision for women and children.

8.  Equality in matters of public employment:- Article 16 of
the constitution lays down that the State cannot
discriminate against anyone in the matters of employment.
All citizens can apply for government jobs.
 Abolition of untouchability :- Article 17 of the constitution
abolishes the practice of untouchability. Practice of
untouchability is an offense and anyone doing so is
punishable by law.

9. RIGHTS TO FREEDOM

10.  Freedom of Speech and expression, which enable an
individual to participate in public activities. The phrase,
"freedom of press" has not been used in Article 19, but
freedom of expression includes freedom of press.
 Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms, on which
the State can impose reasonable restrictions in the interest
of public order and the sovereignty and integrity of India.

11.  Freedom to form associations or unions on which the
State can impose reasonable restrictions on this
freedom in the interest of public order, morality and the
sovereignty and integrity

12. AGAINST EXPLOITATION
 The abolition of trafficking in human beings and
Beggar (forced labour)
 Abolition of employment of children below the age of
14 years in dangerous jobs like factories and mines.
 Beggar, practiced in the past by landlords, has been
declared a crime and is punishable by law

13. FREEDOM OF RELIGION

14. According to the Constitution, all
religions are equal before the State and no
religion shall be given preference over the
other. Citizens are free to preach, practice
and propagate any religion of their choice.

15.  Freedom of religion in India is a fundamental
right guaranteed by Article 25-28 of the Constitution of India.
 Hindus form close to 80 percent of the population, India also
has region-specific religious practices: for instance, Jammu and
Kashmir has a Muslim majority

16.  The country has
significant Muslim, Sikh, Christian, Buddhist, Jain and Zoro
astrian populations. Islam is the largest minority religion in India,
and the Indian Muslims form the third largest Muslim population
in the world, accounting for over 14 percent of the nation's
population.

17. “Religion is like a pair of shoes.....Find one that fits for you, but
don't make me wear your shoes.”
― George Carlin

18.  As India is a country of many languages, religions, and cultures, the
Constitution provides special measures, to protect the rights of the
minorities.
 All minorities,religious or linguistic, can set up their own educational
institutions to preserve and develop their own culture. In granting aid to
institutions, the State cannot discriminate against any institution on the
basis of the fact that it is administered by a minority institution.

19.  Any community that has a language and a script of its own has the
right to conserve and develop it. No citizen can be discriminated against
for admission in State or State aided institutions.
 ARTICLES 29 & 30

20. RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL RE ME DIE S

21.  Right to constitutional remedies [Article 32 to 35] empowers the
citizens to move to a court of law in case of any denial of the
fundamental rights.
 This allows citizen to move to court if they believe that any of their
Fundamental Rights have been violated by state. Article 32 is also called
citizens right to protect and defend the constitution as it can be used by
the citizens to enforce the constitution through the judiciary.

22.  constitutional remedies as "the heart and soul" of Indian
constitution. When a national or state emergency is declared, this
right is suspended by the central government.

23. W

24. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
After going through the Fundamental
Rights, you must have observed and realized
that in return for every right, the society
expects the citizens to do certain things which
are collectively known as duties.

25.  1. to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions,
the National Flag, National Anthem.
 2. to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national
struggle for freedom.
 3. to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
 4. to defend the country and render national service when called upon
to do

26.  5. to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood
amongst all the people of India and to renounce practices derogatory
to the dignity of women
 6. to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture
 7. to protect and improve the natural environments including
forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife.

27.  8. to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and
reform.
 9. to safeguard public property and not to use violence.
 10. to serve towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
 Besides, a new duty has been added after the passage of Right to Education Act,
2009. “A parent or guardian has to provide opportunities for the education of his
child/ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

28. DIGNITY OF WOMEN
 Value0.524 (2017)
 rank 127th out of 160
 Maternal mortality(per 100,000)174Women in parliament11.60%
 Females over 25 with secondary education39% [M: 63.5%]
 Women in labour force27.2% [M: 78.8%]
 Global Gender Gap Index-2017Value0.669Rank108th out of 144

29. WOMEN RIGHT
 Centre for Equality and Inclusion (CEQUIN), alternatively spelled
in the press as Center for Equality and Inclusion, is a non-
governmental organization based in India that works towards female
empowerment and women's rights.

30.  Article 21: "No person except according to procedure established
by law shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty. Fundamental
right under Article 21 of the object personal liberty except according
to procedure established by law is to prevent encroachment on and
loss of life." - Anyone, including women, can seek protection under
this.

31.  Article 14: This Article guarantees Right to Equality, "The State
shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal
protection of the laws within the territory of India Prohibition of
discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of
birth."

32.  Article 32: This Article gives the right to us to seek constitutional
remedies through the Supreme Court of India for violation of
Fundamental Rights mainly.

33.  Guardians & Wards Act, 1890
 Indian Penal Code, 1860
 Married Women's Property Act, 1874
 Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
 Minimum Wages Act, 1948
 Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929
 Prevention of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012

34.  Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act,1971
 Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
 Indian Divorce Act, 1969
 Muslim women (protection of rights on divorce) Act, 1986

35.  We respect women and don't insult them by saying all
they care about is reproductive rights. All issues are
women's issues.
 In some respects woman is superior to man. She is
more tender-hearted, more receptive, her intuition is
more intense.