The IMF and World Bank were established in 1944 to promote international monetary cooperation and economic development. The IMF works to foster global monetary cooperation and secure financial stability, while the World Bank provides loans and technical assistance to developing countries for programs that reduce poverty. Both organizations are based in Washington D.C. and have over 180 member countries. They work to stabilize exchange rates and international trade, as well as promote high employment, sustainable growth, and poverty reduction worldwide.

1. IMF
WORLD BANK
Jeet Patalia

2. INTERNATIONAL MONITARY FUND
•What is IMF???
•It is an organization of 186 countries, working
to faster global monetary cooperation, secure
financial stability, facilitate international trade,
promote high employment and sustainable
economic growth and reduce poverty

3. The International Monetary Fund was created in
July 1944, originally with 45 members, with a goal
to stabilize exchange rates and assist the
reconstruction of the world's international
payment system. Countries contributed to a pool
which could be borrowed from, on a temporary
basis, by countries with payment imbalances.
(Condon, 2007)
Headquarters in
International Monetary Fund (IMF) Managing
Director Dominique Strauss-Kahn (R) briefs
journalists on the outcomes of the
International Financial Monetary and Financial
Committee meeting with Egyptian Finance
Minister and International Monetary and
Financial Committee (IMFC) Chairman Youssef
Boutros-Ghali (M), and IMF First Deputy
Managing Director John Lipsky (L); April 25,
2009 at IMF Headquarters in Washington, DC.

4. Who runs the IMF?
Member Countries
IMF Managing Directors
Executive Board
Board of Governors
First Deputy Managing Dir
Deputy Managing
Dir
Deputy Managing
Dir

5. MEMBERSHIP
•Original members: All those countries whose
representatives took part in BRETTONWOODS
CONFERENCE and who agreed to be the
members of the fund prior to 31st December
1945
•Ordinary members: All those who became
members subsequently

6. Objectives of IMF
•International monetary co operation
•To facilitate expansion and balanced growth of
international trade
•To promote exchange stability
•Generating higher employment and income
•Abolition of exchange restriction
•AID to members during emergency

7. Functions of IMF
•Determining rate of exchange by every country
•Fund lending
•Credit tranches
•A central Bank’s bank
•Training and technical assistance
•Consultancy role

8. Achievements of IMF
•International monetary co operation
•Exchange stability
•Checking competitive depreciation
•Increased assistance
•Increase in capital resources
•Expansion of trade

9. Advantages to INDIA
•Financial Assistance from the fund
•Helps in foreign exchange crisis
•Membership of the world bank
•Economic consultation

10. Relationship between IMF and
INDIA
•The relationship between the IMF and India has
grown strong over the years. In fact, the country
has turned into a creditor to the IMF. India and
IMF must continue to boost their relationship
this way, as it will prove to be advantageous for
both.
•India recorded a GDP growth of 9.8% in
2006 and 9.3% in 2007. IMF estimate for
India’s growth in 2015 is now 7.2%.
•The International Monetary Fund raised its

11. Conclusion…
The IMF’s primary purpose is to safeguard the stability of the international monetary
system—the system of exchange rates and international payments that enables
countries (and their citizens) to buy goods and services from each other. This is
essential for achieving sustainable economic growth and raising living standards.
 providing advice to members on adopting policies that can help them prevent
or resolve a financial crisis, achieve macroeconomic stability, accelerate economic
growth, and alleviate poverty;
 making financing temporarily available to member countries to help them
address balance of payments problems—that is, when they find themselves
short of foreign exchange because their payments to other countries exceed their
foreign exchangeearnings; and
 offering technical assistance and training to countries at their request, to help
them build the expertise and institutions they need to implement sound

12. WTO…
•Formed in 1995
•Replaced GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs
and Trade) which as formed in 1947
•Initially 23 countries in ’47- India one of the
founder members
•By 1994 GATT touched 118 countries
•Provided for reduction in tariffs and trade
restrictions- 8 rounds of MSNs were held

13. FUNCTIONS AND ORGANISATION
OF WTO
•WTO Agreement came into force from Jan 1,
1995
•Agreement was signed by 104 countries- India
became a founder member
•It has 5 functions as set out in Article III
•Highest decision-making body is the Ministerial
Conference
•Has to meet at least once every two years

14. WTO AGREEMENTS
•Agreement on Agriculture
•Agreement on trade in textiles and clothing
(Multi-Fibre Arrangement)
•Agreement on market access
•Agreements on TRIMs
•Agreements on TRIPs
•Agreements on services
•Disputes Settlement Body

15. INDIA’S COMMITMENTS
TO WTO
•Tariff Lines
•Quantitative Restrictions
•TRIPs
•TRIMs
•GATS
•Customs Valuation Rules

16. BENEFITS PROCLAIMED
FOR INDIA
•Benefits from expansion in trade
•Benefits from phasing out of MFA
•Improved prospects for agricultural exports
•Benefits from mutlilateral rules and disciplines

17. CRITICAL REVIEW
•Inequality Within the Structure of WTO
•Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights
•Trade Related Investment Measures
•Competition in Services
•Trade and Non-Tariff Barriers by Developed
Countries
•Agreement on Agriculture
•Labor Standards and Environment
•Trespassing the Sovereignty of Nation-State

18. INDIA’S NEW PATENT REGIME
•Scope of Patentability
•Protecting Rights of Generic Producers
•Compulsory Licensing
•Exports to Poor Countries
•Pre-Grant Opposition

19. WORLD BANK
•The World Bank is an international financial institution that
provides loans to developing countries for capital programs.
•The World Bank's official goal is the reduction of poverty.
• The World Bank is a lending institution that funds essential
infrastructural requirement, globally.
•The World Bank differs from the World Bank Group, in that the
World Bank comprises only two institutions: the International Bank
for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International
Development Association (IDA)

20. At a glance
• NAME : WORLD BANK
• H.Q. : WASHINGTON D.C.
• ESTD. : 27 DEC 1945
•CURRENT PRESIDENT : JIM YONG KIM
• STAFF : 10000 IN 100 COUNRIES
• AUTHORIZED CAPITAL : $184 BILLION
• FINANCIAL SOURCES : BORROWING ON
INTERNATIONAL
MARKET
• Membership : 188 countries (IBRD)
172 countries (IDA)

21. History
•Conceived during World War II (July, 1944) at Bretton Woods,
New Hampshire.
•1944 – 1968 : Bank president John McCloy selected France to be
first recipient of World Bank aid. The loan was for US$250
million.
•1968 – 1980 : The bank concentrated on meeting the basic needs
of people in the developing world. The size and number of loans
to borrowers was greatly increased as loan targets expanded from
infrastructure into social services and other sectors.
•Initially was called the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD). Now is called the “World Bank Group

22. Functions
•The Bank Group uses financial resources and extensive
experience to help poor nations reduce poverty, increase
economic growth, and improve the quality of life.
•World Bank provides technical and financial assistance to
underdeveloped nations for development schemes like
building roads, schools, hospitals, etc. The main aim is to
eliminate poverty from the world
•Current global challenges include the financial crisis, high
food prices, and climate change.

23. WORKING GROUPS OF WORLD BANK
•International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD)
•International Development Association (IDA)
•International Finance Corporation (IFC)
•Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
•International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
(ICSID)

24. •The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD) lends to governments of middle-income and creditworthy
low-income countrie
•The International Development Association (IDA) provides
interest-free loans—called credits— and grants to governments
of the poorest countries.

25. •The International Finance Corporation (IFC) provides loans,
equity and technical assistance to stimulate private sector
investment in developing countries
•The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) provides
guarantees against losses caused by non-commercial risks to
investors in developing countries

26. The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
(ICSID) provides international facilities for conciliation and
arbitration of investment disputes.

27. •The Executive Directors, representing the Bank's member countries,
make up the Board of Directors, usually meeting twice a week to oversee
activities such as the approval of loans and guarantees, new policies, the
administrative budget, country assistance strategies and borrowing and
financing decisions.
•The Vice Presidents of the Bank are its principal managers, in charge of
regions, sectors, networks and functions. There are 24 Vice-Presidents,
three Senior Vice Presidents and two Executive Vice Presidents.
Jim Yong Kim, M.D., Ph.D., became the 12th President of the World Bank
Group on July 1, 2012
Chief Economist – Kaushik Basu (September 2012),an Indian economist, is the
chief economist and senior vice president of the world bank

28. WORLD BANK IN INDIA
•The World Bank's work plan in India is spelt out in its Country
Strategy (CAS).
•The Country Strategy for India for 2009-2012 is aligned with the
government's Eleventh Five Year Plan.
•It focuses on helping the country to fast-track the development of
much-needed infrastructure, support the seven poorest states, and
respond to the financial crisis.
•The strategy envisages total proposed lending of US$14 billion for
2009 - 2012.
•The strategy is implemented through lending, dialogue, analytical
work, engagement with the private sector, and capacity building
exercises.

29. SUPPORT TO INDIA
•India has been borrowing from the World Bank through IBRD and IDA for
various development projects in the area of poverty alleviations, infrastructure,
rural developments etc.
•IDA funds are one of the most concessional external loans for GoI and are used
largely in social sector projects that contribute to the achievement of Millennium
Development Goals.
•India has borrowed around US$ 65.8 billion from the World Bank so far.
•In 1958, the Bank played an important role in establishing ‘India Aid Club’ for
providing specific economic assistances to India. It has now been renamed as
‘India Development Forum’.
•International Development Association (IDA), an associate of World Bank is
known as the soft loan window of the Bank and was established on September
24, 1960.
•During 1995-96 (July-June), India ranked first among the nations getting
assistance from IDA.

30. PROJECTS
•The World Bank Group’s Partnership Strategy
for India (2013-2017) will help India lay the
foundations for achieving “faster, sustainable,
and more inclusive growth” as outlined in the
government’s 12th five year plan.
•The World Bank Group will support India with
an integrated package of financing, advisory
services, and knowledge. During the World Bank
financial year (July 2013-June 2014), funding for
India was $5.2 billion ($2.0 billion in

31. VOTING POWER
•In 2010, voting powers at the World Bank were revised to increase the voice of
developing countries, notably China. The countries with most voting power are
now the United States (15.85%), Japan(6.84%), China (4.42%), Germany
(4.00%), the United Kingdom (3.75%), France (3.75%), and India (2.91%).
•Under the changes, known as 'Voice Reform - Phase 2', countries other than
China that saw significant gains included South
Korea, Turkey, Mexico, Singapore, Greece, Brazil, India, and Spain. Most
developed countries' voting power was reduced, along with a few poor countries
such as Nigeria. The voting powers of the United States, Russia and Saudi
Arabia were unchanged.

32. THANK U!!