This chapter discusses definitions of health and health promotion. It defines episodic health as seeking treatment during illness, while preventive medicine focuses on lowering risk factors. Individual health promotion focuses on risk reduction, while community health promotion emphasizes group empowerment. The goals of Healthy People 2010 are to increase quality life and eliminate health disparities. Behavior change is difficult due to various influencing factors, but can be achieved through the stages of change model involving pre-contemplation to termination. Today's college students are traditionally young adults but also include non-traditional older students and growing minority populations. A new definition of health focuses on the role of health as a process and the intrinsic and extrinsic resources that compose health.

1. Chapter One: Shaping Your Health

2. Definitions of Health Episodic: seeking medical treatment during episodes when ill or injured Preventive Medicine: identifying risk factors to lower the risk of illness Morbidity: Pertaining to illness and disease Mortality: Pertaining to death

3. What is Health Promotion? Movement in which knowledge, practices, and values are transmitted to people for use in: Longer and better quality of life Reducing incidence of illness Feeling better

4. Individual vs. Community Health Promotion Individual focuses upon risk reduction that doesn’t always emphasize the reduction of chronic illness Community places emphasis on a group centered concept to promote empowerment Empowerment: gain more self control over one’s health perspective (i.e., drug prevention within communities at risk)

5. Healthy People 2010 Goals Increase the quality and years of life Eliminate health disparities in areas such as gender, race, ethnicity, income and education level.

6. Why Behavior Change is Difficult Factors that influence a person to change health behaviors. Behavior must be associated with a health problem The belief must exist that the behavior causes the health problem The knowledge that risk prevention-intervention programs exist and can be effective The belief that a new behavior can justify the change of old behavior The belief that people who care about them will be accepting of such changes

7. Stages of Change Prochaska et al. (1994) demonstrated the following 6 stages to accomplish change of health behaviors Pre-contemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance Termination

8. Today’s College Students Traditional (early adults = 66%) Non-traditional (older adults) Minority groups (numbers increasing) Disabled population (9.3%)

9. Developmental Tasks of Young Adults

10. Related Developmental Tasks of Young Adulthood Obtaining entry-level employment Development of parenting skills

11. Multiple Dimensions of Health Physical Emotional Spiritual Social Occupational Intellectual Holistic health: A requirement of health that moves beyond the cure/prevention of illness and the postponement of death

12. What is Wellness? A form of health promotion Uses assessments and information Develops boundaries of health beyond mortality/morbidity Unlocks an individual’s full potential at discovering a positive lifestyle

13. A New Definition of Health A view less centered on the concepts of mortality and morbidity Two areas of differences to focus upon: 1) The Role of Health (process of transitions) 2) The Composition of Health Intrinsic resources Extrinsic resources

14. Chapter One: Shaping Your Health