IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Cost effective and efficient industrial tank cleaning processeSAT Journals
Abstract The tank cleaning process is one of the major requirements in many industries such as in Pharmaceutical Industries, Fast Moving Consumer Goods Companies (FMCG) and in Paint Industries. The tank cleaning in many small scale industries is still manual and lengthy process. In industries sometimes these tanks are placed in an area where humans cannot go and work, so to avoid this problem we thought of fully automated process of tank cleaning for that we have chosen Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).The PLC is the heart of the system Proposed system provides cost effective and efficient alternate solution to existing system. This system reduces the bulkiness and it is easy to understand (user friendly).It does not require difficult or complex algorithm and coding is also not lengthy. This system stores the water used for the process of tank cleaning instead of throwing away. From conductivity sensor we will come to know the cleanliness of the tank so the ultimate results obtained are reliable and accurate. Keywords: Programmable Logic Controller.
The document summarizes the design and analysis of grounding grids for substations using various methods. It presents 4 case studies analyzing an existing 500kV substation grounding grid using IEEE 80-2000 and finite element methods in ETAP software. The case studies vary parameters like number of conductors, rods, and grid area to optimize the design to meet safety limits for touch and step voltages. While some cases improve issues like temperature rise, all cases show touch voltages exceeding limits, requiring further optimization of the grounding grid design.
This paper presents a new fault location method for distribution systems that uses voltage sag calculations between two measurement points. The method is analyzed for both radial systems and systems with distributed generation. Simulation results show the method has average errors of 0.59% without distributed generation and 1.17% with distributed generation integrated. While this method aims to improve on previous techniques, its accuracy depends on the number of line sections modeled and it showed higher errors than reported in the analyzed paper when tested on a simulated system. In conclusion, fault location remains an important problem and different methods provide varying accuracy depending on the system configuration.
Design and Implementation of High Resolution Data Acquisition Systemijsrd.com
Fuel cell stacks containing hundreds of individual cells are capable of generating high voltage and current values needed for transportation, commercial, residential, portable and industrial power applications. Although majority of hydrogen produced today comes from reformulated natural gas generated through a process that creates a significant amount of carbon dioxide, fuel cell is still a viable energy source for the future electrical power applications. One of the hard cases of the fuel-cell power systems is proper monitoring, instrumentation and data acquisition of system parameters such as fuel flow into the system, AC and DC voltage values, load current, humidity, power, pressure, temperature, fuel utilization, overall system efficiency, noise, etc. Fuel cell test systems must precisely monitor and control the aforementioned hundreds of measurements in real-time. It is necessary to have an instrumentation system which is able to monitor and control fuel cell operation under varying conditions and accurately get information relating to real-time performance and operational characteristics to calculate fuel cell efficiency correctly. Instrumentation and interface systems must also provide flexible data acquisition, monitoring, and control capability to precisely control fuel cell operation. Therefore, a typical fuel cell test system requires high-resolution, high-voltage input, isolation, and waveform acquisition capability. The objective of this applied research project is design and implementation of a high-resolution data acquisition and interface module for a 500 W Hydrogen fuel cell power station using LabVIEW ™ PDS v8.20 software and field point based data acquisition modules.
IRJET- Design and Implementation of Wireless based Water Level Monitoring Sys...IRJET Journal
This document describes a wireless water level monitoring system designed using Arduino and Bluetooth modules. The system uses water level sensors connected to an Arduino board to monitor the water level. The Arduino processes the sensor readings and displays the water level on an LCD screen. It also uses a Bluetooth module to transmit the water level information to a registered mobile phone. The system is capable of monitoring different water levels and sending alerts to prevent overflow through SMS notifications or a buzzer. The design aims to remotely monitor water levels and control a water pump to save water resources and reduce wastage.
SENSOR NETWORK FOR REAL‐TIME MONITORING AND DETECTION CONTAMINATION IN DRINKI...ijiert bestjournal
This project presents the design and development of a low cost system for real time monitoring of drinking water quality at consumer sites. The system consists of several in-pipes Electrochemical and optical sensors and em phasis is given on low cost,lightweight implementation and reliable long time operation. Su ch implementation is suitable for large deployments enabling a sensor network approach for providing spatiotemporally rich data to water consumers,water companies and authorities. Extensive literature and market research is performed to identify low cost,on-line sensors that can reliably monitor several parameters which can be used to infer the water quality. In this project we overcome the drawback present in existing system by monitoring water quality prob lem for drinking water distribution systems as well as for consumer sites. Our approach is based on the development of low cost sensor nodes for real time and in-pipe monitoring and assessment of wa ter quality on the fly. The ma in sensor node consists of electrochemical and optical sens ors which can be used to mon itor the water quality. From the sensor node we are sending monitored values to control room (A RM board) through RS232 serial cable.
The document describes an intelligent fault diagnosis system for reciprocating pumps that uses pressure and flow signals as inputs. It consists of hardware for data acquisition and a software system for signal processing, feature extraction, and fault diagnosis using wavelet neural networks. The system was able to accurately diagnose three main fault types - seal ring faults, valve damage, and spring faults - based on differences observed in the pressure curves. Testing on over 12 samples of each fault type achieved a correct diagnosis rate of over 94%. The system provides a fast and effective means of remotely monitoring reciprocating pumps and identifying faults.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Cost effective and efficient industrial tank cleaning processeSAT Journals
Abstract The tank cleaning process is one of the major requirements in many industries such as in Pharmaceutical Industries, Fast Moving Consumer Goods Companies (FMCG) and in Paint Industries. The tank cleaning in many small scale industries is still manual and lengthy process. In industries sometimes these tanks are placed in an area where humans cannot go and work, so to avoid this problem we thought of fully automated process of tank cleaning for that we have chosen Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).The PLC is the heart of the system Proposed system provides cost effective and efficient alternate solution to existing system. This system reduces the bulkiness and it is easy to understand (user friendly).It does not require difficult or complex algorithm and coding is also not lengthy. This system stores the water used for the process of tank cleaning instead of throwing away. From conductivity sensor we will come to know the cleanliness of the tank so the ultimate results obtained are reliable and accurate. Keywords: Programmable Logic Controller.
The document summarizes the design and analysis of grounding grids for substations using various methods. It presents 4 case studies analyzing an existing 500kV substation grounding grid using IEEE 80-2000 and finite element methods in ETAP software. The case studies vary parameters like number of conductors, rods, and grid area to optimize the design to meet safety limits for touch and step voltages. While some cases improve issues like temperature rise, all cases show touch voltages exceeding limits, requiring further optimization of the grounding grid design.
This paper presents a new fault location method for distribution systems that uses voltage sag calculations between two measurement points. The method is analyzed for both radial systems and systems with distributed generation. Simulation results show the method has average errors of 0.59% without distributed generation and 1.17% with distributed generation integrated. While this method aims to improve on previous techniques, its accuracy depends on the number of line sections modeled and it showed higher errors than reported in the analyzed paper when tested on a simulated system. In conclusion, fault location remains an important problem and different methods provide varying accuracy depending on the system configuration.
Design and Implementation of High Resolution Data Acquisition Systemijsrd.com
Fuel cell stacks containing hundreds of individual cells are capable of generating high voltage and current values needed for transportation, commercial, residential, portable and industrial power applications. Although majority of hydrogen produced today comes from reformulated natural gas generated through a process that creates a significant amount of carbon dioxide, fuel cell is still a viable energy source for the future electrical power applications. One of the hard cases of the fuel-cell power systems is proper monitoring, instrumentation and data acquisition of system parameters such as fuel flow into the system, AC and DC voltage values, load current, humidity, power, pressure, temperature, fuel utilization, overall system efficiency, noise, etc. Fuel cell test systems must precisely monitor and control the aforementioned hundreds of measurements in real-time. It is necessary to have an instrumentation system which is able to monitor and control fuel cell operation under varying conditions and accurately get information relating to real-time performance and operational characteristics to calculate fuel cell efficiency correctly. Instrumentation and interface systems must also provide flexible data acquisition, monitoring, and control capability to precisely control fuel cell operation. Therefore, a typical fuel cell test system requires high-resolution, high-voltage input, isolation, and waveform acquisition capability. The objective of this applied research project is design and implementation of a high-resolution data acquisition and interface module for a 500 W Hydrogen fuel cell power station using LabVIEW ™ PDS v8.20 software and field point based data acquisition modules.
IRJET- Design and Implementation of Wireless based Water Level Monitoring Sys...IRJET Journal
This document describes a wireless water level monitoring system designed using Arduino and Bluetooth modules. The system uses water level sensors connected to an Arduino board to monitor the water level. The Arduino processes the sensor readings and displays the water level on an LCD screen. It also uses a Bluetooth module to transmit the water level information to a registered mobile phone. The system is capable of monitoring different water levels and sending alerts to prevent overflow through SMS notifications or a buzzer. The design aims to remotely monitor water levels and control a water pump to save water resources and reduce wastage.
SENSOR NETWORK FOR REAL‐TIME MONITORING AND DETECTION CONTAMINATION IN DRINKI...ijiert bestjournal
This project presents the design and development of a low cost system for real time monitoring of drinking water quality at consumer sites. The system consists of several in-pipes Electrochemical and optical sensors and em phasis is given on low cost,lightweight implementation and reliable long time operation. Su ch implementation is suitable for large deployments enabling a sensor network approach for providing spatiotemporally rich data to water consumers,water companies and authorities. Extensive literature and market research is performed to identify low cost,on-line sensors that can reliably monitor several parameters which can be used to infer the water quality. In this project we overcome the drawback present in existing system by monitoring water quality prob lem for drinking water distribution systems as well as for consumer sites. Our approach is based on the development of low cost sensor nodes for real time and in-pipe monitoring and assessment of wa ter quality on the fly. The ma in sensor node consists of electrochemical and optical sens ors which can be used to mon itor the water quality. From the sensor node we are sending monitored values to control room (A RM board) through RS232 serial cable.
The document describes an intelligent fault diagnosis system for reciprocating pumps that uses pressure and flow signals as inputs. It consists of hardware for data acquisition and a software system for signal processing, feature extraction, and fault diagnosis using wavelet neural networks. The system was able to accurately diagnose three main fault types - seal ring faults, valve damage, and spring faults - based on differences observed in the pressure curves. Testing on over 12 samples of each fault type achieved a correct diagnosis rate of over 94%. The system provides a fast and effective means of remotely monitoring reciprocating pumps and identifying faults.
Smart Water Networks need Smart Data Presentation - IT&Water Feb 10 2015Luc Stakenborg
The document discusses Vitens' approach to presenting vast amounts of smart water network data in an effective way for users. Vitens collects sensor and other data from its network in a central real-time data platform. It then presents this integrated data through a web-based, GIS-oriented interface called IMQS. This interface provides intuitive access to real-time measurements, historic trends, network maps with sensor locations, and alerts. It helps operators and managers analyze the network and respond to issues. Vitens has deployed many new sensors and uses the interface to gain insights into leak detection, energy efficiency and more.
Converter station water-cooled pump vibration monitoring and condition assess...IJRES Journal
In High Voltage Direct Current(HVDC) Transmission Systems, high intelligence and reliability is demand more. It’s urgently necessary to run a real-time monitoring system on converter station water-cooled pump. From the functional requirements of the monitoring system, describes the structure of the proposed converter station water-cooled pump vibration signal monitoring systems, data acquisition unit of hardware and software systems. In accordance with vibration severity in GB/T 29531-2013, As a water-cooled pump monitoring and early warning threshold, based on LabVIEW, We developed a water-cooled pump monitoring system software. Test results show that the system can effectively monitor the water-cooled pump’s working conditions.
This document describes a proposed smart water management system that uses various sensors and an Arduino microcontroller to monitor and control water usage. The system includes flow sensors to measure water usage, water level sensors to monitor tank levels, a GSM module to send data to the cloud for storage and analysis, and a solenoid valve and relay to control water distribution. The system aims to encourage efficient water usage by tracking individual usage and allowing administrators to manage supply. It provides real-time tank level information on an LCD display and automatically shuts off water flow if usage limits are exceeded to prevent waste. Data on usage is sent to a cloud server using the GSM module for remote monitoring of supply and demand.
Water Level and Leakage Detection System with its Quality Analysis based on S...IRJET Journal
The document describes a water level and leakage detection system for home use that uses sensors to monitor water level in a tank, detect leaks, and analyze water quality. The system notifies users via mobile phone calls or SMS if the water level is low, a leak is detected, or water quality is abnormal. It aims to save water and electricity by preventing overflow and indicating issues early. The system uses a microcontroller, pressure sensors to detect leaks, and sensors to measure chlorine concentration and salinity of the water. If any readings are outside normal levels, the user is notified by phone to address the issue.
IRJET- Smart Real Time Manhole Monitoring SystemIRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed smart real-time manhole monitoring system that uses sensors to detect issues in underground drainage systems like blockages, high temperatures, toxic gas leaks, overflow, and open manhole lids and sends alerts to authorities. Sensors transmit data via a wireless network to controllers that analyze the information and send automatic emails or display alerts if thresholds are exceeded. The system aims to improve drainage maintenance and public safety through remote monitoring to avoid risks of manual inspection and cleaning of manholes.
IRJET- Oil Tank Prototype based on Wireless Communication-Controller System u...IRJET Journal
This document describes an oil tank monitoring prototype system using wireless communication and an IoT controller. The system consists of two stations: a tank station with sensors to monitor level, temperature, fire, and humidity; and a control station to display the sensor data and store it in a database. The tank station transmits sensor data wirelessly to the control station using XBee modules. The control station displays the data through a graphical user interface and stores it in an SQL database and on a cloud platform. The system was tested for several months and proved able to detect flood and fire situations early to prevent damage.
IRJET- Real Time Fault Detection System for Steam Condenser by using PLC SCADAIRJET Journal
This document describes a real-time fault detection system for steam condensers using a programmable logic controller (PLC) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) software. The system can detect three common condenser faults: loss of vacuum, condenser tube failure, and condenser tube fouling. Sensors connected to the PLC detect faults and send signals to the PLC. The PLC program uses logic to determine the fault status. The SCADA software receives the fault information from the PLC and displays the condenser conditions and any active faults in real-time for operators to monitor and control remotely. The system allows faults to be quickly identified and addressed to reduce downtime and maintenance costs in power
This document describes an IOT-based aquaponic system that monitors water temperature and level using sensors. The system includes a NodeMCU microcontroller, temperature and ultrasonic sensors, and a relay module. It sends sensor readings to a mobile app via a local Blynk server. The system automatically pumps water to maintain the desired water level. It was tested with a sample pond, recording temperature, water level, and motor actions in a table. The system aims to help farmers easily monitor aquaponic systems remotely using mobile devices. Future work may include oxygen and nitrate sensors, solar power, and live video streaming.
This document describes the design and construction of an automatic alarm system to monitor water level. The system uses sensors to detect different water levels and triggers an audio alarm and visual indicator when the water reaches a certain level. It is powered by a 9-volt battery, making it portable and able to operate for long periods of time before needing to replace the battery. The system aims to prevent water wastage and overflow by automatically detecting the water level and alerting users.
IRJET- A Real Time Solution to Flood Monitoring System using IoT and Wireless...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed real-time flood monitoring system using IoT and wireless sensor networks. The system would use sensors to monitor water levels, rainfall, temperature, humidity, and pressure to detect potential floods. If thresholds are reached, alerts would be sent via an Android app and website. The sensors would send data to a server and database via WiFi. The app and website would allow users to view sensor readings and maps of safe locations to evacuate to. The goal is to inform people of upcoming floods and direct them to safety.
Automatic Water Storage and Distribution System using Reliance SCADAijtsrd
The increasing population and thus the wide expansion of urban residential areas have increased the need for proper sharing of water. This distribution of water in every house within different areas needs control and monitoring for preventing the wastage of water. Different technologies have been studied to distribute the water to each and every house of residential areas. The main aim of this paper is to provide an effective water supply to each consumer and to detect the leakage sites. Automation provides an optimized solution to all problems of the water distribution system. In order to implement the proposed system, each area must be provided with a water flow sensor which is controlled by the Arduino mega board and can calculate flow rate and the amount of water supplied. The entire system has features of Reliance SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition to control and monitor the water distribution. In this paper, the system distributes the water under the area of a single water tank. In this way, to control the whole system the automation is developed using PLC Programmable Logic Controller . Khin Nyein Win | Lwin Lwin Htay | Nyan Phyo Aung "Automatic Water Storage and Distribution System using Reliance SCADA" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26414.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26414/automatic-water-storage-and-distribution-system-using-reliance-scada/khin-nyein-win
A long range, energy efficient Internet of Things based drought monitoring sy...IJECEIAES
The climate change and global warning have been appeared as an emerging issue in recent decades. In which, the drought problem has been influenced on economics and life condition in Vietnam. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, we have designed and deployed a long range and energy efficient drought monitoring based on IoT (Internet of Things) for real time applications. After being tested in the real condition, the proposed system has proved its high dependability and effectiveness. The system is promising to become a potential candidate to solve the drought problem in Vietnam.
The document discusses data loggers used in Indian Railways. It provides an overview of RDSO which tests railway equipment. It then discusses the signal testing laboratory and its facilities. A key point is that data loggers monitor relay activities to generate reports on the signaling system. The document describes how data is collected via sensors and sent to the data logger. It outlines the types of data loggers and their applications in Indian Railways. Areas for improvement are also noted such as measuring train load and track failures to prevent accidents.
This document describes the development of a water pollution detector using LabVIEW. The system consists of a data acquisition unit connected to a pH sensor. The data acquisition unit collects pH readings from the sensor and displays them on the LabVIEW front panel graphical user interface. An alarm is triggered if the pH reading exceeds a threshold value. The acquired data is saved to a text file for review. The system was designed, implemented and tested to detect unwanted water pollution by monitoring pH levels.
IRJET- Implementation of Automated Urban Drinking Water Supply and Leakage Id...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system to automate urban drinking water supply and identify leaks using Programmable Logic Control (PLC) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA). The system would minimize human error, reduce water wastage from leaks, theft and faults in pipes. Sensors would monitor water pressure and flows. PLCs would control pumps and valves locally, while a central SCADA system would allow remote monitoring and control. Data from sensors would be transmitted to the SCADA system via RTUs to identify leaks and optimize water distribution in real-time. This could help reduce supply costs and more efficiently match demand with a scarce water supply in urban areas of India.
Low Cost Design of Water Quality Monitoring Systemijtsrd
According to the annual rankings of world economic forum, the issue related with quality of water has increased gradually. As per the records, millions of people especially small children die due to the bad quality of water. One of the main reasons is the unavailability of cheap water quality monitoring system available at such locations. Thus, to ensure the safety of people considering water quality, a low cost design for monitoring water quality has been proposed in this paper. The system uses microcontroller, display LCD, etc. whereas the various parameters considered includes pH, turbidity, TDS and temperature of sample water. The proposed design ensures the low cost factor of the system along with displaying the quality of water. Raghav Arora | Sahil Mehta "Low Cost Design of Water Quality Monitoring System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd32913.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/32913/low-cost-design-of-water-quality-monitoring-system/raghav-arora
This document describes the design and implementation of an automated water bottle filling system. The system uses sensors, a microcontroller, motors and other electrical components to automate the bottle filling process. Bottles are moved along a conveyor belt and infrared sensors detect when each bottle reaches the filling station. A pump then fills each bottle for a set time before the conveyor moves the bottle along. The system is designed for small industries to reduce labor costs and increase productivity compared to manual bottle filling. It allows bottles to be consistently filled with the same amount of water in an efficient automated process.
iaetsd A novel approach towards automatic water conservation systemIaetsd Iaetsd
This document proposes an automatic water conservation system using LabVIEW software and a data acquisition (DAQ) card. By interfacing the DAQ card to a PC and controlling water flow, water conservation and theft detection can be achieved. Flow meters placed at the water source and consumer end would monitor exact water usage. The DAQ card at the water source would control water tariffs paid via GSM. When implemented, this system could help conserve water resources and prevent theft by monitoring usage.
Monitoring And Analysis Of Aquatic Intake In Instructive BodiesIRJET Journal
This document describes a system for monitoring aquatic intake in educational institutions using wireless sensors and data analysis software. The system uses a turbine flow sensor attached to pipes to measure water flow rate. An RF module transmits the sensor data wirelessly to a monitoring station. There, a data acquisition system interfaces with LabVIEW software to display the water intake in real-time. The system allows continuous monitoring of water consumption and automated recording of usage data for analysis of usage patterns over time. The goal is to help reduce water usage through awareness of consumption levels.
IRJET- Water Level Monitoring System in Water Dispensers using IotIRJET Journal
This document presents a proposed system for monitoring water levels in multiple water dispensers using IoT technologies. The system uses ultrasonic sensors connected to an Arduino board to measure water levels in each dispenser. When the water level drops below a threshold, the Arduino sends a notification to an authorized mobile application via cloud messaging. This allows a single person to remotely monitor water levels across many dispensers and be notified when refills are needed. The proposed system aims to provide a more efficient solution than manual monitoring by automating notifications and enabling remote management of large numbers of dispensers from a mobile app.
Smart Water Networks need Smart Data Presentation - IT&Water Feb 10 2015Luc Stakenborg
The document discusses Vitens' approach to presenting vast amounts of smart water network data in an effective way for users. Vitens collects sensor and other data from its network in a central real-time data platform. It then presents this integrated data through a web-based, GIS-oriented interface called IMQS. This interface provides intuitive access to real-time measurements, historic trends, network maps with sensor locations, and alerts. It helps operators and managers analyze the network and respond to issues. Vitens has deployed many new sensors and uses the interface to gain insights into leak detection, energy efficiency and more.
Converter station water-cooled pump vibration monitoring and condition assess...IJRES Journal
In High Voltage Direct Current(HVDC) Transmission Systems, high intelligence and reliability is demand more. It’s urgently necessary to run a real-time monitoring system on converter station water-cooled pump. From the functional requirements of the monitoring system, describes the structure of the proposed converter station water-cooled pump vibration signal monitoring systems, data acquisition unit of hardware and software systems. In accordance with vibration severity in GB/T 29531-2013, As a water-cooled pump monitoring and early warning threshold, based on LabVIEW, We developed a water-cooled pump monitoring system software. Test results show that the system can effectively monitor the water-cooled pump’s working conditions.
This document describes a proposed smart water management system that uses various sensors and an Arduino microcontroller to monitor and control water usage. The system includes flow sensors to measure water usage, water level sensors to monitor tank levels, a GSM module to send data to the cloud for storage and analysis, and a solenoid valve and relay to control water distribution. The system aims to encourage efficient water usage by tracking individual usage and allowing administrators to manage supply. It provides real-time tank level information on an LCD display and automatically shuts off water flow if usage limits are exceeded to prevent waste. Data on usage is sent to a cloud server using the GSM module for remote monitoring of supply and demand.
Water Level and Leakage Detection System with its Quality Analysis based on S...IRJET Journal
The document describes a water level and leakage detection system for home use that uses sensors to monitor water level in a tank, detect leaks, and analyze water quality. The system notifies users via mobile phone calls or SMS if the water level is low, a leak is detected, or water quality is abnormal. It aims to save water and electricity by preventing overflow and indicating issues early. The system uses a microcontroller, pressure sensors to detect leaks, and sensors to measure chlorine concentration and salinity of the water. If any readings are outside normal levels, the user is notified by phone to address the issue.
IRJET- Smart Real Time Manhole Monitoring SystemIRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed smart real-time manhole monitoring system that uses sensors to detect issues in underground drainage systems like blockages, high temperatures, toxic gas leaks, overflow, and open manhole lids and sends alerts to authorities. Sensors transmit data via a wireless network to controllers that analyze the information and send automatic emails or display alerts if thresholds are exceeded. The system aims to improve drainage maintenance and public safety through remote monitoring to avoid risks of manual inspection and cleaning of manholes.
IRJET- Oil Tank Prototype based on Wireless Communication-Controller System u...IRJET Journal
This document describes an oil tank monitoring prototype system using wireless communication and an IoT controller. The system consists of two stations: a tank station with sensors to monitor level, temperature, fire, and humidity; and a control station to display the sensor data and store it in a database. The tank station transmits sensor data wirelessly to the control station using XBee modules. The control station displays the data through a graphical user interface and stores it in an SQL database and on a cloud platform. The system was tested for several months and proved able to detect flood and fire situations early to prevent damage.
IRJET- Real Time Fault Detection System for Steam Condenser by using PLC SCADAIRJET Journal
This document describes a real-time fault detection system for steam condensers using a programmable logic controller (PLC) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) software. The system can detect three common condenser faults: loss of vacuum, condenser tube failure, and condenser tube fouling. Sensors connected to the PLC detect faults and send signals to the PLC. The PLC program uses logic to determine the fault status. The SCADA software receives the fault information from the PLC and displays the condenser conditions and any active faults in real-time for operators to monitor and control remotely. The system allows faults to be quickly identified and addressed to reduce downtime and maintenance costs in power
This document describes an IOT-based aquaponic system that monitors water temperature and level using sensors. The system includes a NodeMCU microcontroller, temperature and ultrasonic sensors, and a relay module. It sends sensor readings to a mobile app via a local Blynk server. The system automatically pumps water to maintain the desired water level. It was tested with a sample pond, recording temperature, water level, and motor actions in a table. The system aims to help farmers easily monitor aquaponic systems remotely using mobile devices. Future work may include oxygen and nitrate sensors, solar power, and live video streaming.
This document describes the design and construction of an automatic alarm system to monitor water level. The system uses sensors to detect different water levels and triggers an audio alarm and visual indicator when the water reaches a certain level. It is powered by a 9-volt battery, making it portable and able to operate for long periods of time before needing to replace the battery. The system aims to prevent water wastage and overflow by automatically detecting the water level and alerting users.
IRJET- A Real Time Solution to Flood Monitoring System using IoT and Wireless...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed real-time flood monitoring system using IoT and wireless sensor networks. The system would use sensors to monitor water levels, rainfall, temperature, humidity, and pressure to detect potential floods. If thresholds are reached, alerts would be sent via an Android app and website. The sensors would send data to a server and database via WiFi. The app and website would allow users to view sensor readings and maps of safe locations to evacuate to. The goal is to inform people of upcoming floods and direct them to safety.
Automatic Water Storage and Distribution System using Reliance SCADAijtsrd
The increasing population and thus the wide expansion of urban residential areas have increased the need for proper sharing of water. This distribution of water in every house within different areas needs control and monitoring for preventing the wastage of water. Different technologies have been studied to distribute the water to each and every house of residential areas. The main aim of this paper is to provide an effective water supply to each consumer and to detect the leakage sites. Automation provides an optimized solution to all problems of the water distribution system. In order to implement the proposed system, each area must be provided with a water flow sensor which is controlled by the Arduino mega board and can calculate flow rate and the amount of water supplied. The entire system has features of Reliance SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition to control and monitor the water distribution. In this paper, the system distributes the water under the area of a single water tank. In this way, to control the whole system the automation is developed using PLC Programmable Logic Controller . Khin Nyein Win | Lwin Lwin Htay | Nyan Phyo Aung "Automatic Water Storage and Distribution System using Reliance SCADA" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26414.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26414/automatic-water-storage-and-distribution-system-using-reliance-scada/khin-nyein-win
A long range, energy efficient Internet of Things based drought monitoring sy...IJECEIAES
The climate change and global warning have been appeared as an emerging issue in recent decades. In which, the drought problem has been influenced on economics and life condition in Vietnam. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, we have designed and deployed a long range and energy efficient drought monitoring based on IoT (Internet of Things) for real time applications. After being tested in the real condition, the proposed system has proved its high dependability and effectiveness. The system is promising to become a potential candidate to solve the drought problem in Vietnam.
The document discusses data loggers used in Indian Railways. It provides an overview of RDSO which tests railway equipment. It then discusses the signal testing laboratory and its facilities. A key point is that data loggers monitor relay activities to generate reports on the signaling system. The document describes how data is collected via sensors and sent to the data logger. It outlines the types of data loggers and their applications in Indian Railways. Areas for improvement are also noted such as measuring train load and track failures to prevent accidents.
This document describes the development of a water pollution detector using LabVIEW. The system consists of a data acquisition unit connected to a pH sensor. The data acquisition unit collects pH readings from the sensor and displays them on the LabVIEW front panel graphical user interface. An alarm is triggered if the pH reading exceeds a threshold value. The acquired data is saved to a text file for review. The system was designed, implemented and tested to detect unwanted water pollution by monitoring pH levels.
IRJET- Implementation of Automated Urban Drinking Water Supply and Leakage Id...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system to automate urban drinking water supply and identify leaks using Programmable Logic Control (PLC) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA). The system would minimize human error, reduce water wastage from leaks, theft and faults in pipes. Sensors would monitor water pressure and flows. PLCs would control pumps and valves locally, while a central SCADA system would allow remote monitoring and control. Data from sensors would be transmitted to the SCADA system via RTUs to identify leaks and optimize water distribution in real-time. This could help reduce supply costs and more efficiently match demand with a scarce water supply in urban areas of India.
Low Cost Design of Water Quality Monitoring Systemijtsrd
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Ieeepro techno solutions 2013 embedded ieee project - water level monitoring and control
1. Abstract—Monitoring sensor networks that consist of many
valves, pumps and tanks is an important task for managing
large ships. Existing water tank monitoring systems are only
provided for PC environment. In this paper we propose a new
method to monitor water tanks on a smart phone. Before
presenting our system, we analyze the water tank system and
define the discussed problem formally. Based on this analysis,
we develop our monitoring system and elaborate on out the
implementation. We also show that our system visualizes sensor
data using a simple and intuitive user interface.
Index Terms—Water tank monitoring, Smartphone,
monitoring system, visualization, water tank
I. INTRODUCTION
In recent times, smart-phones have become an important
part of our daily lives. When we start to use the smart phones,
we can do all-around business at anytime and anywhere. This
change, known as ubiquitous computing, has been
developing gradually due to smart-phones [1], [2]. In the
maritime industry, communication environment is developed
by sailors to know about the ship information.
Most of the typical ship-monitoring applications show the
values of various sensors in the water tank. These system data
classify the sensor data and store it on the server. Using this
monitoring system information, we developed a new
smart-phone application called “Tank boy,” which will be
elaborated in this paper. This system provides information
from the water tank database using visualization techniques.
In this paper, first, we provide the overview of a water tank
structure. In this section, we analyze sensor data typically
used for water tank monitoring. In Section III, we suggest the
system architecture and system flow information that will be
used by the smart-phone application. In Section IV, we
discuss about the issues faced by this system. Finally, Section
V, we draw conclusions and discuss future works.
II. OVERVIEW OF WATER TANK SYSTEM
In this paper, we monitor the real-time data processed for
water tanks in ships. Before we develop the system the water
tank structure needs to be analyzed [3]. Fig. 1 shows the
schematic of water tank system.
Manuscript received November 25, 2012; revised January 20, 2013. This
work was supported by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy(MKE), Korea
Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT) and 00 Leading Industry
Office through the Leading Industry Development for Economic Region.
The authors are with the Dept. of Computer Engineering, Pusan National
University, Busan, South Korea (e-mail: {tok33, duskan, hgcho}
@pusan.ac.kr).
Fig. 1. Water tank system architecture
The water tank system, consist of three components: the
tank, valve, and pump. The data from the sensor of each
component are classified as follows.
Table I shows the data from the tank sensors. The tank
consists of five sensors: high, middle and low position
temperature, level, and pressure.
Table II and III show digital and analog valve sensor
information, respectively. Table II depicts the input and
output signals, which are control signals. Gage is indicative
of the degree of valve opening and closing. Table IV shows
the pump sensor data, which are input and output signals.
We develop a smart-phone application that analyzes this
data, shows the state of each device’, and judges whether this
state is dangerous.
TABLE I: TANK SENSOR DATA
Name Signal Type Unit Low High
Level 4~20mA m 0 20
Temp Low 4~20mA ℃ 0 200
Temp Middle 4~20mA ℃ 0 200
Temp High 4~20mA ℃ 0 200
Pressure 4~20mA bar -1 5
TABLE II: VALVE SENSOR DATA (DIGITAL)
Name Signal Type Unit False True
Valve Opened Digital Input - 0 1
Valve Closed Digital Input - 0 1
Valve Open Digital Output - 0 1
Valve Close Digital Output - 0 1
Valve Fail Digital Input - 0 1
TABLE III: VALVE SENSOR DATA (ANALOG)
Name Signal Type Unit False True
Gage 4~20mA % 0 100
TABLE IV: PUMP SENSOR DATA
Name Signal Type Unit False True
Pump Remote Digital Input - 0 1
Pump Run Digital Input - 0 1
Pump Start Digital Output - 0 1
Pump Stop Digital Output - 0 1
Pump Fail Digital Input - 0 1
Water Tank Monitoring and Visualization System Using
Smart-Phones
Haesung Tak, Daegeon Kwon, and Hwan-Gue Cho
International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, Vol. 3, No. 1, February 2013
142DOI: 10.7763/IJMLC.2013.V3.289
2. III. PROPOSED SMART-PHONE SYSTEM
A. Proposed System Flow
In this paper, the analysis of the water tank sensor data is
used in the implementation of a monitoring and visualization
system using smart-phones. The system flow, configured to
implement this system, is shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. System process flow
As shown in Fig. 2, the sensor data are not imported
manually; the database and Web page are configured to
import the data. To obtain data on particular sensors, users
must go to the Web page, which request for information from
the database through a database query. This query requests
for information and relays this information back to the Web
page. Thus, according to the system flow, the web pages
obtain the query results from the database and convey them
as visualization results to users.
B. Database
Smart-phones usually do not have enough memory to store
real-time sensor data, which may cause substantial loads.
Hence, sensor data should be stored in an external database
rather than a smart-phone.
The visualization program was written in a Windows
environment. This was because easy access to this
environment and was provided by Microsoft for building the
MySQL server, using which the database was created. The
database comprised the data from the sensors as well as the
analysis of these data. The database schema of the water tank,
valves, and pumps are as follows.
The tank database schema is shown in Table V. By storing
the time-stamp of each occurrence, unique values comprising
the device name and the occurrence times can be stored on
the database.
The valve database schema is shown in Table VI. This
schema was constructed as one of the database tables that
integrated analog and digital data shown in Tables II and III.
The advantage of using a database with a single table is that it
reduces the time consumed in processing data.
The pump database schema is shown in Table VII. This
database connects multiple devices at the same time by
adding the data for each device onto a single table.
Valves and pumps in the database to provide monitoring
data that does not need to exist. This value corresponds to the
digital output. In addition, these data are stored, because they
may be used to predict the lifetime of the system.
In the case of large vessels, multiple devices are connected.
Sensors connected to each device have different normal
ranges. The database should store tag names for each device.
It is used for obtaining the normal range of the sensors.
TABLE V: TANK DATABASE SCHEMA
Name Data Type Purpose
Tank_name Varchar Tank tag name
Time Datetime Time stamp
Temp_L Double Temperature at the bottom
Temp_M Double Temperature in the middle
Temp_H Double Temperature at the top
Level Double Current Capacity
Pressure Double Tank pressure
TABLE VI: VALVE DATABASE SCHEMA
Name Data Type Purpose
Valve_ID Varchar Pump tag name
Time Datetime Time stamp
Gage Double Valve opening degree
Opened Integer Open execution result
Closed Integer Close execution result
Open Integer Open Instruction
Close Integer Close Instruction
Alarm Integer Error detection
TABLE VII: PUMP DATABASE SCHEMA
Name Data Type Purpose
Pump_ID Varchar Pump tag name
Time Datetime Time stamp
Remote Integer Stop execution result
Run Integer Start execution result
Start Integer Start Instruction
Stop Integer Stop Instruction
Alarm Integer Error detection
TABLE VIII: TAG LIST DATABASE SCHEMA
Name Data Type Purpose
Tag Varchar Tag name
Tag_Description Varchar Sensor description
Signal Type Varchar Physical Sensor Type
Eng. L Varchar Measuring the maximum
Eng. H Varchar Measuring the minimum
E. Unit Varchar Unit of measurement
TABLE IX: TANK TAG DATABASE SCHEMA
Name Data Type Purpose
Tank_name Varchar Tank tag name
Temp_L Varchar Tag name of Temp_L
Temp_M Varchar Tag name of Temp_M
Temp_H Varchar Tag name of Temp_H
Level Varchar Tag name of level sensor
Pressure Varchar Tag name of pressure sensor
TABLE X: VALVE TAG DATABASE SCHEMA
Name Data Type Purpose
Valve_ID Varchar Valve tag name
Gage Varchar Tag name of gage sensor
Opened Varchar Tag name of opened (Input)
Closed Varchar Tag name of closed (Input)
Open Varchar Tag name of open (Output)
Close Varchar Tag name of close (Output)
Alarm Varchar Tag name of alarm (Input)
International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, Vol. 3, No. 1, February 2013
143
3. TABLE XI: THE PUMP TAG DATABASE SCHEMA
Name Data Type Purpose
Pump_ID Varchar Pump tag name
Remote Varchar Tag name of Remote (Input)
Run Varchar Tag name of run (Input)
Start Varchar Tag name of start (Output)
Stop Varchar Tag name of stop (Output)
Alarm Varchar Tag name of alarm (Input)
Table VIII describes the schema with the tag names of the
sensors, normal measurement ranges, actual value of the
incoming data, measurement units, and sensor information.
Here, the sensor maintains a consolidated list of the outputs
rather than that for individual sensors. Due to this, the
number of sensors used in the actual ship was not large, and
the decision to build only a single table was appropriate.
Table IX describes tag name of the tank sensors stored in
the database table schema. The schema stores a unique tag
name for the five sensors. Each sensor corresponds to one
tank in the table.
Table X describes the tag name of the valve sensors stored
in the database schema. Table XI describes the tag name of
the pump sensors stored in the database schema. It is not
different from existing table schema which is stored sensor
data. But, it is useful to know what data means in the Table
VIII. These databases, which are designed to consider each
association, based on object oriented programming [4].
C. Database Information Extracting
The water-tank query result (WQR) is used for extracting
information from the developed database. It is one of the
modules in this system; it is actually one of the Web pages.
When users request for a desired value for the devices using
the query statement, the WQR processes the results. The
WQR, which is seamlessly interoperable, has been developed
using PHP, because sensor data is stored in a database created
MySQL.
The PHP is implemented server-based program language.
And then, PHP is not shown its source code for users. The
user, who wants to know the information of water tank device,
just input the Web page address. It is convenient because it
does not complicate the receiving query results.
WQR were delivered to the information of the Web page
address. The address of the Web page has the table name and
the date the information needed to complete the query. When
query statement complete, WQR extracts the information of
water tank device from database.
D. Smart-phone Application
The database and WQR that can be used in an actual
communication environment for the smart-phone application
was designed.
According to [5], 51.8% of smart phone users use Android,
whereas 34.3% iOS.
The application development cannot be in the same
language for these two operating systems. We decided to
develop the application for Android due to its preference
among users.
Eclipse development tools were used to create the Android
applications using Java and Android API. The basic interface
environment is user-friendly and simple to configure.
IV. IMPLEMENTATION ISSUE
A. Database Communication
For Android application, SQLite is usually used to build
the database. However, SQLite is not suitable for our
monitoring system because it is impossible to work with an
external database.
To solve this issue, two main approaches were studied,
which are (1) TCP / IP socket communication and (2) the
Web page parsing approach.
The first approach, which uses TCP / IP socket
communication, has two drawbacks. The TCP / IP socket
communication method does not directly access the built
database. In addition, as the input and output is limited to a
one-to-one communication, multiple users cannot obtain data
at the same time and monitoring is limited.
The second approach, a Web page using PHP, returns a
resulting value for a specified query. This approach has the
advantage that multiple people can access. The Web page
immediately, unlike TCP / IP communications.
The ultimate goal of our system is to grant ubiquitous
access to the Web page universally. The design of our system
must allow for accessing particular device tags and their
corresponding information such as their table name, date, and
other information. To address these considerations, a GET
method was used.
In Fig. 3, information on tank COT01 and its
corresponding Web address are shown. The data was
accessed on 20 November 2012 and its contents were
embedded.
Fig. 3. Water tank database data extraction
B. Application Implementation
The real-time monitoring system, “Tank boy,” proposed in
this paper aims to implement the smart phones application.
The user run application first, application will show dialog
message to receive login information. Application brings
information to a device in the server by using the information
from the user. Second, Application shows the device list, this
list obtained by applying the normal range of each device.
The list has been implemented for different ways to visualize
device by using the Select button.
In addition to accessing the database from a system,
considerations for the visualization implementation exist.
This is known as application user interface synchronization.
Fig. 4 shows the tank data visualization using our approach.
If the internal value of the activity is updated at certain time
intervals, Android uses threads by default. Fig. 4 shows the
current tank level, temperature, and pressure simultaneously
using separate user interface visualization. Properly applied
to quantify that value accordingly if you use the default
thread, but the water level data, despite changes fixed the
International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, Vol. 3, No. 1, February 2013
144
4. problem occurs.
Method was used to provide the android UI thread to solve
this problem. Our system used asyncTask to update the UI,
and a change in the parameters was reflected in the values in
the database.
Fig. 4. Monitoring system example (Tank data visualization)
Fig. 5 shows the valve data visualization. Additionally, the
system also shows the failure state.
Fig. 6 shows a visualization of the pump data; however,
this system is yet to be implemented. Progress has been made
with regards to this user interface and we are currently in the
process of determining whether it is possible to implement
the interface without using a separate thread.
Fig. 5. Monitoring system example (Valve data visualization)
Fig. 6. Monitoring system example (Pump data visualization)
V. CONCLUSION AND FURTHER WORKS
This paper proposed a water tank monitoring and
visualization system using smart-phones known as “Tank
boy.” This system is a real-time monitoring system using a
database to establish a marine communication system. “Tank
boy” works anywhere and anytime. Earlier, this system was
restricted to a PC environment. However, its implementation
on a smart-phone environment is novel.
The sensor data in our current database incurs a slight
delay; this delay is due to two factors. The first is the delay in
accessing the Web page. The second is due to the monitoring
of the parsing information. Due to these restrictions, data
cannot be transmitted in real time. These issues can be
overcome with an improvement in the infrastructure of the
telecommunication systems and an enhancement in the
computing power of smart-phones.
This system proposed in this paper provides only a simple
monitoring system. In future works, we expect to develop a
system that can provide an analysis of the events that occur
and use this to predict the lifetime of the sensors inside the
ship.
We want to use data mining techniques in order to proceed
with the research. Through this data, statistical analysis and
modeling can be performed and useful patterns and
relationships can be extracted [6].
Using data mining analysis module, the device data in
database is changed to the new data. Also data mining
analysis module used for monitoring data was stored without
leverage, the dependent variable used in the life prediction is
generated.
Our system will be completed from matching process
failure and accident cases. And then, system is improving to
warn about the risk of accidents and visualize detail
information about tanks, valve, and pumps of remaining life
information [7].
International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, Vol. 3, No. 1, February 2013
145
5. REFERENCES
[1] V. Chan, P. Ray, and N. Parameswaran S. Chen, “Mobile e-Health
monitoring: an agent-based approach,” IET Commun, vol. 2, pp.
223-230, 2008.
[2] S. Dai, and Y. Zhang, “A Wireless Physiological Multi-parameter
Monitoring System Based on Mobile Communication Networks,” in
Proc. Computer-Based Medical Systems, 2006. CBMS 2006. 19th
IEEE International Symposium on, Utah, 2006, pp. 473-478.
[3] S. Harries, F. Tillig, M. Wilken, and G. Zaraphonitis, “An integrated
approach for simulation in the early ship design of a tanker,” in Proc,
10th International Conference on Computer and IT Applications in the
Maritime Industries, Berlin, May 2011, pp. 411-425.
[4] D. Schwabe and G. Rossi, “An object oriented approach to web-based
applications design,” Theory and Practice of Object Systems, vol. 4,
issue. 4, pp. 207-225.
[5] Two thirds of new mobile buyers now opting for smartphones. (July 1
2, 2012). [Online]. Available:
http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/online_mobile/two-thirds-of-new-
mobile-buyers-now-opting-for-smartphones/
[6] V. Ganti, J. Gehrke, and R. Ramakrishnan, “DEMON: mining and
monitoring evolving data,” IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and
Data Engineering, vol. 13, pp.50-63, 2001.
[7] D. A. Keim, “Information visualization and visual data mining,” IEEE
Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 8, pp. 1-8,
2002.
Haesung Tak is an undergraduate student in Pusan
National University. His research interests are data
parsing and reply analysis.
Daegun Kwon is an undergraduate student in Pusan
National University. His research interests are basic
algorithm, data mining, and graph drawing.
Hwan-Gue Cho is a Professor in Pusan National
University. He received the B.S. degree from Seoul
National University, Korea, and the M.S and Ph.D.
degrees from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology, Korea. His research interests are computer
algorithms and bioinformatics.
International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, Vol. 3, No. 1, February 2013
146