B U S I N E S S
O R G A N I Z AT I O N
I C T 1 0 4
Introduction to
BUSINESS
ORGANIZATIONS
WHY DO WE
NEED TO KNOW
BUSSINESS?
WHY DO WE
NEED TO KNOW
BUSSINESS?
WHY DO WE
NEED TO KNOW
BUSSINESS?
Successful business = hot ;-)
BUSINESS
FUNCTIONS
BUSINESS
FUNCTIONS
Human Ressources
BUSINESS
FUNCTIONS
Human Ressources
Finance & Accounting
BUSINESS
FUNCTIONS
Human Ressources
Customer Service
Finance & Accounting
BUSINESS
FUNCTIONS
Human Ressources
Customer Service
Finance & Accounting
Administration & IT
BUSINESS
FUNCTIONS
Human Ressources
Operations (Production)
Customer Service
Finance & Accounting
Administration & IT
BUSINESS
FUNCTIONS
Human Ressources
Sales & Marketing
Operations (Production)
Customer Service
Finance & Accounting
Administration & IT
BUSINESS
FUNCTIONS
Human Ressources
Sales & Marketing R & D
Operations (Production)
Customer Service
Finance & Accounting
Administration & IT
HRHuman Resources
HRHuman Resources
Recruitment & Retention
HRHuman Resources
Recruitment & Retention
Professional
Development & Training
HRHuman Resources
Recruitment & Retention
Redundancy
Professional
Development & Training
HRHuman Resources
Recruitment & Retention
Redundancy
Motivation
Professional
Development & Training
HRHuman Resources
Recruitment & Retention
Redundancy
Motivation
Professional
Development & Training
Health & Safety
Conditions
HRHuman Resources
Recruitment & Retention
Redundancy
Motivation
Professional
Development & Training
Health & Safety
Conditions
Liaison with
trade unions
HRHuman Resources
Recruitment & Retention
Dismissal
Redundancy
Motivation
Professional
Development & Training
Health & Safety
Conditions
Liaison with
trade unions
SALES
MARKETING
AND
SALES
MARKETING
AND
Product – advice on
new product
development, product
improvement, extension
strategies, target
markets
SALES
MARKETING
AND
Sales Strategies
Product – advice on
new product
development, product
improvement, extension
strategies, target
markets
SALES
MARKETING
AND
Market Research
Sales Strategies
Product – advice on
new product
development, product
improvement, extension
strategies, target
markets
SALES
MARKETING
AND
Market Research
Pricing Strategies
Sales Strategies
Product – advice on
new product
development, product
improvement, extension
strategies, target
markets
SALES
MARKETING
AND
Market Research
Pricing Strategies
Sales Strategies
Sales Team
Product – advice on
new product
development, product
improvement, extension
strategies, target
markets
SALES
MARKETING
AND
Market Research
Promotion Strategies
Pricing Strategies
Sales Strategies
Sales Team
Product – advice on
new product
development, product
improvement, extension
strategies, target
markets
Research & DevelopmentRD
Research & DevelopmentRD
New product development
Research & DevelopmentRD
New product development
Product testing
Research & DevelopmentRD
New product development
Competitive advantage
Product testing
Research & DevelopmentRD
New product development
Product improvements
Competitive advantage
Product testing
Research & DevelopmentRD
New product development
Product improvements
Competitive advantage
Value added
Product testing
Research & DevelopmentRD
New product development
Product improvements
Competitive advantage
Value added
Product testing
Efficiency gains
Research & DevelopmentRD
New product development
Product improvements
Competitive advantage
Value added
Product testing
Efficiency gains
Cost savings
FINANCE & ACCOUNTS
FINANCE & ACCOUNTS
Links with all other functional areas
FINANCE & ACCOUNTS
Cash flow
Links with all other functional areas
FINANCE & ACCOUNTS
Cash flow
Raising finance
Links with all other functional areas
FINANCE & ACCOUNTS
Cash flow
Preparing accounts
Raising finance
Links with all other functional areas
PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
Production methods
PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
Acquiring resources
Production methods
PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
Acquiring resources
Planning output – labour, capital, land
Production methods
PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
Acquiring resources
Planning output – labour, capital, land
Production methods
Monitoring costs
PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
Acquiring resources
Planning output – labour, capital, land
Production methods
Monitoring costs
Efficiency
PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
Acquiring resources
Planning output – labour, capital, land
Projections on future output
Production methods
Monitoring costs
Efficiency
CUSTOMER SERVICE
CUSTOMER SERVICE
Publicity and public relations
CUSTOMER SERVICE
Dealing with customer complaints
Publicity and public relations
CUSTOMER SERVICE
After-sales service
Dealing with customer complaints
Publicity and public relations
CUSTOMER SERVICE
Monitoring distribution
After-sales service
Dealing with customer complaints
Publicity and public relations
CUSTOMER SERVICE
Monitoring distribution
After-sales service
Handling consumer enquiries
Dealing with customer complaints
Publicity and public relations
CUSTOMER SERVICE
Monitoring distribution
After-sales service
Handling consumer enquiries
Offering advice to consumers
Dealing with customer complaints
Publicity and public relations
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Organization by Type
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Organization by Type
Regional
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Organization by Type
Global
Regional
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Organization by Type
Global
Regional
Local
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Organization by Type
Global
National
Regional
Local
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Empowerment
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Delegation
Empowerment
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Hierarchy
Delegation
Empowerment
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Authority
Hierarchy
Delegation
Empowerment
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Authority
Chain of Command
Hierarchy
Delegation
Empowerment
BUSSINESS
ORGANIZATION
Authority
Span of control
Chain of Command
Hierarchy
Delegation
Empowerment
ADMINISTRATION
IT&
ADMINISTRATION
IT&
Use of IT systems
ADMINISTRATION
IT&
Managing estates
Use of IT systems
ADMINISTRATION
IT&
Managing estates
Reception
Use of IT systems
ADMINISTRATION
IT&
Managing estates
Reception
Clerical work
Use of IT systems
ADMINISTRATION
IT&
Managing estates
Reception
Clerical work
Overview of quality control
Use of IT systems
ORGANIZATION
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSHierarchical Structure
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSHierarchical Structure
Managing Director
Sales Director Marketing Director Finance Director
A B C D Market
Strategy
Research Purchasing
Manager
Sales
Manager
Accounts
Manager
ORGANIZATION
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSPyramidal Structure
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSPyramidal Structure
MD
Middle
Management
Workers
Senior
Management
ORGANIZATION
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSEntrepreneurial / Centralized
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSEntrepreneurial / Centralized
R&D
Marketing Sales
Production
Finance
MD
ORGANIZATION
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSCollaborative Structure
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSCollaborative Structure
Sales
Marketing
Production
Accounts
ORGANIZATION
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSCircular / Flat
Marketing Sales
ProductionFinance
R&D
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSCircular / Flat
ORGANIZATION
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSMatrix Structure
Project
Marketing
R&DSales
Finance
HR
Production
ORGANIZATION
CHARTSMatrix Structure
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
Changes to business structures
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
Changes to business structures
Linked to new thinking on leadership and
management
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
Changes to business structures
Linked to new thinking on leadership and
management
Less hierarchical
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
Changes to business structures
Linked to new thinking on leadership and
management
Less hierarchical
Global businesses – more complex structures
CHARTS
ORGANIZATION
Changes to business structures
Linked to new thinking on leadership and
management
Less hierarchical
Emphasis on communication 

and collaboration between sections
Global businesses – more complex structures
Intro to Business Organization

Intro to Business Organization