This document discusses business functions and organizational hierarchy. It defines a hierarchy as an organizational structure similar to a pyramid, with fewer personnel at each higher layer. It then lists common business functions like human resources, customer service, sales and marketing, research and development, administration and IT, production/operations, and finance and accounts. For each function, it provides examples of typical tasks, such as recruiting and training for human resources, market research and promotion strategies for sales and marketing, and cash flow monitoring and account preparation for finance. The document aims to teach about the different functions within a business and the roles and responsibilities of each.

1. Hierarchy
• What does this word mean?
• Any organisational structure whereby the
shape is similar to a pyramid.
• This is where there are fewer numbers of
personnel on every layer towards the top
• Flat organisational structures look different to
this

2. A quick starter activity
• Give example an example business for the
next 4 organisations shown.
• Write the 4 down

3. Business Organisation
• Organisation by type
• Global businesses – complex organisation
Example ??
structures (Microsoft)
• National – organisation possibly stretches
?????
throughout the country (Li-Ning)
• Regional – could be through a county or wider area
Example ????
(North West, or province etc.. Hangkong Beer)
• Local – small organisations serving local area or
Example Man)
community (Chicken????

4. So what is today's
lesson about?

5. What will we learn today?
• What business functions are
• What different functions a business has
• What tasks these functions do

6. In every business there are tasks that must be done on a
regular basis
These might include:
•Selling Products
•Paying Bills
• Hiring Staff
These tasks are often called functions & are defined as:
“The person, or department responsible for completing
particular tasks within a business, e.g. Finance”

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8. Business Functions
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Human Resources
Customer Service
Sales and Marketing
Research and Development
Administration and IT
Production/Operations
Finance and Accounts

9. Human Resources
• Recruitment and retention
– Job descriptions
– Person Specifications
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Dismissal
Redundancy
Motivation
Training staff
Health and safety and conditions at work

10. Customer Service
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Monitoring distribution
After-sales service
Handling consumer enquiries
Offering advice to consumers
Dealing with customer complaints
Publicity and public relations

11. Sales and Marketing
• Market research
• Product
– advice on new product development, product
improvement, extension strategies, target markets
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Promotion strategies
Pricing strategies
Sales strategies
The sales team

12. Research and Development
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New product development (innovation)
Product improvements
Competitive advantage
Value added
Product testing
Cost savings

13. Administration and IT
•Managing property – cleaning, health
and safety, maintenance, security
•Reception
•Clerical work – reporting, recording,
record keeping, communication
•Overview of quality control
•Use of IT systems

14. Production/Operations
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Acquiring resources
Planning output – labour, capital, land
Monitoring costs
Projections on future output
Production methods
– Batch
– Flow
– Job
• Efficiency

15. Finance and Accounts
• Cash flow
– Monitoring income/revenue
– Monitoring expenditure
• Preparing accounts
• Raising finance
– Shares
– Loans
• Links with all other functional areas

16. 3 Videos
What functional area?
What activities are carried out in
this area?

17. Around the room are 5 different functional areas
- Finance
- Human Resources
- Production
- Administration
- Sales & Marketing
Move to the area of the room which
you think the statement relates to!

18. Selling the product or
service to customers,
either over the telephone
or face to face

19. Preparing the payroll and
paying staff salaries

20. Receiving and recording all
job applications, arranging
interviews and notifying
candidates of results

21. Collecting, distributing &
dispatching the mail

22. Arranging staff training
and encouraging continuous
professional development

23. Promoting products and
services through a variety
of advertising and
promotional methods, e.g.
TV, online, direct mail &
sponsorship

24. Scheduling routine
machinery inspections &
maintenance & carrying
out repairs as required

25. What will we learn today?
• What business functions are
• What different functions a business has
• What tasks these functions do