IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of physics and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in applied physics. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Nonlinear chaotic signals generation and transmission within an optical fiber...University of Malaya (UM)
This document summarizes research on generating and transmitting nonlinear chaotic signals within an optical fiber communication link. Key points:
- Chaotic signals can be generated by varying the coupling coefficient in a fiber optic ring resonator system. These signals can then be used to encode secret digital codes for secure communication.
- A time division multiple access (TDMA) system is proposed to encode and transmit the chaotic signals encoded with binary data over long distances via fiber optics.
- Simulation results show that varying the coupling coefficient produces different chaotic output signals that can be used to generate and transmit encrypted digital codes securely over 125km of fiber.
- This research demonstrates how chaotic signals from an optical fiber ring resonator have potential for
Ultra short multi soliton generation for application in long distance communi...University of Malaya (UM)
The document summarizes research into using a nonlinear PANDA ring resonator system connected to an add/drop filter system to generate ultra-short optical soliton pulses for long-distance fiber optic communications. The system uses microring resonators to generate binary signals that can be encoded and transmitted over fiber. Gaussian laser pulses are inserted into the system, which utilizes the nonlinear behavior of the ring resonator and filters to generate soliton pulses 325 femtoseconds in width. These pulses can then be encoded into secure binary codes and transmitted over 70 km of optical fiber, then decoded on the receiving end. Key aspects of the system include using the Kerr effect to induce nonlinearities, modeling the electric field propagation, and equations to
Nonlinear chaotic signals generation and transmission within an optical fiber...University of Malaya (UM)
This document summarizes research on generating and transmitting nonlinear chaotic signals within an optical fiber communication link. The researchers designed a system using a fiber optic ring resonator that can generate chaotic signals by varying the coupling coefficient between 0 and 0.1. These chaotic signals can be used to generate binary logic codes for transmission via a time division multiple access (TDMA) system. The researchers demonstrated successful transmission of a sample digital code string over 125km of fiber optic cable. The work shows potential for using chaotic signals to securely transmit information over optical networks.
New system of chaotic signal generation based on coupling coefficients applie...University of Malaya (UM)
This document proposes a new system for generating chaotic signals using an add/drop system with coupling coefficients. Key points:
1) The system uses a fiber ring resonator such as an add/drop system that can exhibit chaotic behavior when light travels through it. This chaotic behavior can be used to secure information in communication systems.
2) The system is simulated using InGaAsP/InP optical material. By varying the coupling coefficient, the chaotic output power can be controlled and optimized for applications.
3) Lower input power is recommended, as it can be obtained by using a larger coupling coefficient between 0 and 1, or a smaller coefficient above 11. This optimization is important for practical optical communication systems.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the performance of various digital filters in an OCDMA (Optical Code Division Multiple Access) multi-user environment using 3D codes. The document describes a simulation of a 24-user OCDMA system using different parameters like BER (Bit Error Rate), Q-factor, and eye patterns with filters including Raised Cosine, Gaussian, Fabry Perot, Trapezoidal, and Lorentzian. The analysis found that the system using a Fabry Perot filter had the minimum distortion while maintaining a low BER of 6.81×e-20 for correctly decoded signals.
Experimental Study for the Different Methods of Generating Millimeter WavesIJERA Editor
In this paper a analytical comparison and experimental implementation of different methods used in generating a low phase noise millimeter wave signals is presented. Four techniques were experimented and compared, Multiplication, phase lock loop (PLL), Injection locking (IL), and Injection locking with phase lock loop (ILPLL). The comparison and experimental results of a laboratory discussed.
Decimal convertor application for optical wireless communication by generatin...University of Malaya (UM)
This document proposes a system to generate dark and bright optical soliton pulses for use in secure wireless communication networks. It uses microring resonators to generate multiple wavelengths of optical pulses. These pulses are then sent through a polarization control system to encode them as quantum codes using dark and bright solitons. The soliton pulses can then be converted to digital logic codes using a decimal converter and transmitted securely over wireless networks. The system is able to generate multi-wavelength soliton pulses ranging from 1.55 to 1.56 micrometers with a full width at half maximum of 10 picometers and a free spectral range of 600 picometers.
Transmitting audio via fiber optics under nonlinear effects and optimized tun...IJECEIAES
The ability of fiber optic to overcome the signal transmission problems is making it a dominant transmission medium. Despite of this major positive attribute of optic fibers, there is still a downside for using the fiber optic communication; that is the nonlinearity problem. For the first time, a design of an audio signal is suggested and executed in MATLAB with integration with OptiSystem TM Software .The audio signal then transmitted in different shapes of modulation signals (NRZ, RZ, & RC) for different distances (100 km & 75 km) via a fiber optic media to be received in a receiving part of the simulated system. Three tests are used to do so. The first is the Quality-facto (Q-Factor) against the received power, second test is eye diagram performance and finally is the measuring of the amplitude of output (received) signal for each modulation signal shape using the Oscilloscope Visualizer. The NZR modulation signal was found to be the best one of the three used signals’ types in all three tests. The Q-factor for NRZ pulse shape (=12) was higher than that for RZ (=10) and RC (=8) for a 100 km distance at the same received power level.
Nonlinear chaotic signals generation and transmission within an optical fiber...University of Malaya (UM)
This document summarizes research on generating and transmitting nonlinear chaotic signals within an optical fiber communication link. Key points:
- Chaotic signals can be generated by varying the coupling coefficient in a fiber optic ring resonator system. These signals can then be used to encode secret digital codes for secure communication.
- A time division multiple access (TDMA) system is proposed to encode and transmit the chaotic signals encoded with binary data over long distances via fiber optics.
- Simulation results show that varying the coupling coefficient produces different chaotic output signals that can be used to generate and transmit encrypted digital codes securely over 125km of fiber.
- This research demonstrates how chaotic signals from an optical fiber ring resonator have potential for
Ultra short multi soliton generation for application in long distance communi...University of Malaya (UM)
The document summarizes research into using a nonlinear PANDA ring resonator system connected to an add/drop filter system to generate ultra-short optical soliton pulses for long-distance fiber optic communications. The system uses microring resonators to generate binary signals that can be encoded and transmitted over fiber. Gaussian laser pulses are inserted into the system, which utilizes the nonlinear behavior of the ring resonator and filters to generate soliton pulses 325 femtoseconds in width. These pulses can then be encoded into secure binary codes and transmitted over 70 km of optical fiber, then decoded on the receiving end. Key aspects of the system include using the Kerr effect to induce nonlinearities, modeling the electric field propagation, and equations to
Nonlinear chaotic signals generation and transmission within an optical fiber...University of Malaya (UM)
This document summarizes research on generating and transmitting nonlinear chaotic signals within an optical fiber communication link. The researchers designed a system using a fiber optic ring resonator that can generate chaotic signals by varying the coupling coefficient between 0 and 0.1. These chaotic signals can be used to generate binary logic codes for transmission via a time division multiple access (TDMA) system. The researchers demonstrated successful transmission of a sample digital code string over 125km of fiber optic cable. The work shows potential for using chaotic signals to securely transmit information over optical networks.
New system of chaotic signal generation based on coupling coefficients applie...University of Malaya (UM)
This document proposes a new system for generating chaotic signals using an add/drop system with coupling coefficients. Key points:
1) The system uses a fiber ring resonator such as an add/drop system that can exhibit chaotic behavior when light travels through it. This chaotic behavior can be used to secure information in communication systems.
2) The system is simulated using InGaAsP/InP optical material. By varying the coupling coefficient, the chaotic output power can be controlled and optimized for applications.
3) Lower input power is recommended, as it can be obtained by using a larger coupling coefficient between 0 and 1, or a smaller coefficient above 11. This optimization is important for practical optical communication systems.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the performance of various digital filters in an OCDMA (Optical Code Division Multiple Access) multi-user environment using 3D codes. The document describes a simulation of a 24-user OCDMA system using different parameters like BER (Bit Error Rate), Q-factor, and eye patterns with filters including Raised Cosine, Gaussian, Fabry Perot, Trapezoidal, and Lorentzian. The analysis found that the system using a Fabry Perot filter had the minimum distortion while maintaining a low BER of 6.81×e-20 for correctly decoded signals.
Experimental Study for the Different Methods of Generating Millimeter WavesIJERA Editor
In this paper a analytical comparison and experimental implementation of different methods used in generating a low phase noise millimeter wave signals is presented. Four techniques were experimented and compared, Multiplication, phase lock loop (PLL), Injection locking (IL), and Injection locking with phase lock loop (ILPLL). The comparison and experimental results of a laboratory discussed.
Decimal convertor application for optical wireless communication by generatin...University of Malaya (UM)
This document proposes a system to generate dark and bright optical soliton pulses for use in secure wireless communication networks. It uses microring resonators to generate multiple wavelengths of optical pulses. These pulses are then sent through a polarization control system to encode them as quantum codes using dark and bright solitons. The soliton pulses can then be converted to digital logic codes using a decimal converter and transmitted securely over wireless networks. The system is able to generate multi-wavelength soliton pulses ranging from 1.55 to 1.56 micrometers with a full width at half maximum of 10 picometers and a free spectral range of 600 picometers.
Transmitting audio via fiber optics under nonlinear effects and optimized tun...IJECEIAES
The ability of fiber optic to overcome the signal transmission problems is making it a dominant transmission medium. Despite of this major positive attribute of optic fibers, there is still a downside for using the fiber optic communication; that is the nonlinearity problem. For the first time, a design of an audio signal is suggested and executed in MATLAB with integration with OptiSystem TM Software .The audio signal then transmitted in different shapes of modulation signals (NRZ, RZ, & RC) for different distances (100 km & 75 km) via a fiber optic media to be received in a receiving part of the simulated system. Three tests are used to do so. The first is the Quality-facto (Q-Factor) against the received power, second test is eye diagram performance and finally is the measuring of the amplitude of output (received) signal for each modulation signal shape using the Oscilloscope Visualizer. The NZR modulation signal was found to be the best one of the three used signals’ types in all three tests. The Q-factor for NRZ pulse shape (=12) was higher than that for RZ (=10) and RC (=8) for a 100 km distance at the same received power level.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IEEE 802.15.3c WPAN Standard Using Millimeter Optical Soliton Pulse Generated...University of Malaya (UM)
A system of microring resonators (MRRs) connected to an optical modified add/drop filter system known as a Panda ring resonator is presented. The optical soliton pulse of 60 GHz frequency band can be generated and used for Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) applications such as IEEE 802.15.3c. The system uses chaotic signals generated by a Gaussian laser pulse propagating within a nonlinear MRRs system. The chaotic signals can be generated via a series of microring resonators, where the filtering process is performed via the Panda ring resonator system wherein ultrashort single and multiple optical soliton pulses of 60 GHz are generated and seen at the through and drop ports, respectively. The IEEE 802.15.3c standard operates at the 60 GHz frequency band, and it is applicable for a short distance optical communication such as indoor systems, where the higher transmission data rate can be performed using a high frequency band of the output optical soliton pulses. The single and multi-soliton pulses could be generated and converted to logic codes, where the bandwidths of these pulses are 5 and 20 MHz, respectively. Thus, these types of signals can be used in optical indoor systems and transmission link using appropriate components such as transmitter, fiber optics, amplifier, and receiver.
Unequal power allocation for image transmission with chaotic communicationIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for transmitting images over a noisy channel using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The proposed method employs orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and chaotic encoding schemes. At the transmitter, the input image is converted to bits and encoded using different chaotic encoders. The encoded outputs are transmitted using different antennas of the MIMO system at unequal power levels. At the receiver, the signals pass through OFDM receivers and chaotic decoders before taking the mean to obtain the output image, minimizing distortion. Simulation results show the proposed method achieves lower bit error rates than single transmitter schemes.
This document discusses implementing a virtual private network (VPN) over multi-protocol label switching (MPLS). It begins with an introduction to MPLS and how it works using label switching to route packets. It then discusses VPNs and how MPLS VPNs use separate routing tables called virtual routing and forwarding tables to isolate customer networks. The document demonstrates configuring an MPLS VPN using the GNS3 network simulator with two customer edge routers connecting two customer sites over an MPLS provider network. MPLS, VPNs, and the specific configuration steps are described. In the results section, the routing tables of the customer edge routers are shown to have routes from both customer sites, demonstrating that the MPLS VPN was successfully implemented to connect
The document discusses investigating packet transmission strategies in a MIMO equipped mobile ad hoc network using space-time coding. It proposes a new scheduling algorithm that improves packet transmission rate and energy performance. The system is modeled in OPNET using 40 randomly distributed nodes. Simulation results show the new algorithm enhances transmission efficiency compared to other methods by controlling node firing and scheduling packet transmissions based on network conditions and traffic demands.
All-Optical OFDM Generation for IEEE802.11a Based on Soliton Carriers Using M...University of Malaya (UM)
The optical carrier generation is the basic building block to implement all-optical
orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission. One method to optically
generate single and multicarriers is to use the microring resonator (MRR). The MRRs can be
used as filter devices, where generation of high-frequency (GHz) soliton signals as single
and multicarriers can be performed using suitable system parameters. Here, the optical
soliton in a nonlinear fiber MRR system is analyzed, using a modified add/drop system
known as a Panda ring resonator connected to an add/drop system. In order to set up a
transmission system, i.e., IEEE802.11a, first, 64 uniform optical carriers were generated and
separated by a splitter and modulated; afterward, the spectra of the modulated optical
subcarriers are overlapped, which results one optical OFDM channel band. The quadrature
amplitude modulation (QAM) and 16-QAM are used for modulating the subcarriers. The
generated OFDM signal is multiplexed with a single-carrier soliton and transmitted through
the single-mode fiber (SMF). After photodetection, the radio frequency (RF) signal was
propagated. On the receiver side, the RF signal was optically modulated and processed.
The results show the generation of 64 multicarriers evenly spaced in the range from 54.09 to
55.01 GHz, where demodulation of these signals is performed, and the performance of the
system is analyzed.
IRJET- Enhancing the Efficiency of Licenced Spectrum Sharing in 5G Hetero...IRJET Journal
This document discusses enhancing spectrum sharing efficiency between a MIMO radar and MIMO cellular network in 5G heterogeneous networks. It proposes using null space projection to mitigate interference between the radar and cellular system. The radar signals are projected onto the null space of the interference channel between the radar and cellular network, using an interference channel selection algorithm. This protects the cellular network from interference while minimizing performance losses for the radar. Simulation results are presented showing the radar's target detection performance when projecting waveforms to mitigate interference to the cellular system.
Coherent Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) Systems Pedro BertariniCPqD
This document discusses research being conducted at the University of São Paulo's Engineering School of São Carlos, Department of Electrical Engineering on Coherent Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) Systems. The research group is led by Postdoctoral Researcher Pedro Luiz Lima Bertarini and includes PhD and Masters candidates. The research focuses on OCDMA encoding technologies like Spectral Phase-Coding Time Spreading, system performance analysis, optimal code-set selection, and applications to antennas and biosensors. Results show code-set selection is necessary to implement optical networks based on OCDMA with satisfactory bit error rates and to maximize the number of simultaneous users. Future work will examine security, robustness and scalability of coherent OCDMA
This document analyzes the performance of various modulation schemes for achieving energy efficient communication over fading channels in wireless sensor networks. It finds that for long transmission distances, low-order modulations like BPSK are optimal due to their lower SNR requirements. However, as transmission distance decreases, higher-order modulations like 16-QAM and 64-QAM become more optimal since they can transmit more bits per symbol, outweighing their higher SNR needs. Simulations show lifetime extensions up to 550% are possible in short-range networks by using higher-order modulations instead of just BPSK. The optimal modulation depends on transmission distance and balancing the energy used by electronic components versus power amplifiers.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
TECHNIQUES IN PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MOBILE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM...Onyebuchi nosiri
The document reviews techniques for improving the performance of mobile wireless communication systems. It summarizes several scholarly articles that analyzed techniques like MIMO, OFDM, and diversity schemes using multiple antennas. The articles found that these techniques can improve performance by increasing data rates and reducing errors. Specifically, MIMO-OFDM was shown to significantly lower bit-error rates compared to SISO and MISO systems. Maximum ratio combining was also identified as providing better performance than other combining methods. The document recommends supporting theoretical analyses with field measurements.
The impact of noise on detecting the arrival angle using the root-WSF algorithmTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This article discusses three standards of Wi-Fi: traditional, current and next-generation Wi-Fi. These standards have been tested for their ability to detect the arrival angle of a noisy system. In this study, we chose to work with an intelligent system whose noise becomes more and more important to detect the desired angle of arrival. However, the use of the weighted subspace fitting (WSF) algorithm was able to detect all angles even for the 5th generation Wi-Fi without any problem, and therefore proved its robustness against noise.
This document analyzes the use of a preamplifier in optical intersatellite communication to reduce noise. It discusses how a preamplifier at the receiver can detect and correct errors in signals transmitted between satellites via laser beams. The system uses a preamplifier to amplify weak signals and increase the signal-to-noise ratio after propagation through the optical wireless channel. Simulation results show that the preamplifier is able to filter out noise from the signal and lower the bit error rate compared to a normal amplifier. Therefore, implementing a preamplifier in intersatellite optical communication can improve signal quality and reduce data losses during transmission.
This document provides an overview of mobile computing and mobile communication systems. It discusses various topics including:
- Guided and unguided signal transmission methods. Guided uses wires/fibers while unguided uses wireless electromagnetic signals.
- Signal propagation frequencies for different transmission standards like FM radio, GSM, UHF. It also discusses antenna types used for transmission and reception of signals.
- Modulation techniques and standards for 1G to 4G mobile systems. 1G supported only voice, while newer standards enable higher data rates and support for data/multimedia. GSM is described as a prominent 2G standard.
- Concepts of mobility including user mobility and device mobility. It also discusses applications and
5G Coupler Design for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Application IJECEIAES
Aiming to achieve 3-dB coupling, operating in fifth generation (5G) technologies, this paper introduces a new design of tight coupling coupler that will be operated in 5G technologies. Two stubs and two slots have been implemented into the 3-dB coupler design in order to achieve impedance matching between the ports and to give better coupling performances, respectively. Moreover, a study on the stubs’ and slots’ effects towards the S31 of the 3-dB coupler has also been presented in this paper. The proposed coupler is designed on Rogers RO4003C substrate. The simulation results and the analytical study on the stubs and slots implementation show that both stubs and slots affect the performance of the coupling coefficient.
Simulation model of dc servo motor controlEvans Marshall
This document describes a simulation model of a DC servo motor control system using the TrueTime simulator and WirelessHART communication protocol. The model includes three nodes - a sensor, controller, and actuator - connected via a WirelessHART network. The document provides details on configuring the TrueTime kernel blocks for each node, implementing the control algorithm, and setting up the WirelessHART network simulation. Simulation results are presented showing the data transfer between the nodes for controlling the motor position.
Performance Analysis of ROF System using NRZ CodingIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the performance of a Radio over Fiber (ROF) system using Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) coding in OptiSystem simulation software. The ROF system consists of a central station and remote access unit connected by single-mode fiber. NRZ-modulated signals are transmitted over fiber lengths of 20km, 40km, and 60km. Results show that Q factor decreases and bit error rate increases with longer fiber lengths. The minimum bit error rate is analyzed for each length, demonstrating the impact of distance on signal quality in the ROF system.
Performance Evaluation of MC-CDMA for Fixed WiMAX with EqualizationIRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance evaluation of MC-CDMA (Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access) for fixed WiMAX systems with equalization. MC-CDMA combines OFDM and CDMA to provide advantages like high data rates and increased number of users. The performance is analyzed using Rayleigh and Rician fading channel models with SUI channel parameters. Bit error rate is used as the performance metric and simulations are done in MATLAB. Fixed WiMAX uses OFDM and supports fixed wireless services, while mobile WiMAX uses OFDMA and supports both fixed and mobile broadband networks. Fading channel models are used to simulate real world channel conditions.
Luminescence of Cesium Thiocyanate (CsSCN) doped with Eu2+ (CsSCN:Eu2+)IOSR Journals
This document investigates cesium thiocyanate (CsSCN) as a host lattice for luminescence when doped with Eu2+. CsSCN was prepared from cadmium thiocyanate and calcium carbonate. The prepared CsSCN was doped with 0.05% Eu2+ at 220°C. X-ray powder diffraction confirmed the purity of the prepared CsSCN. Luminescence measurement of CsSCN:Eu2+ showed a broad emission spectrum with a maximum at 19801cm-1, which is characteristic of Eu2+ doped thiocyanates. The spectra obtained were consistent with f-d transitions of Eu2+, however some impurity peaks were observed
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IEEE 802.15.3c WPAN Standard Using Millimeter Optical Soliton Pulse Generated...University of Malaya (UM)
A system of microring resonators (MRRs) connected to an optical modified add/drop filter system known as a Panda ring resonator is presented. The optical soliton pulse of 60 GHz frequency band can be generated and used for Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) applications such as IEEE 802.15.3c. The system uses chaotic signals generated by a Gaussian laser pulse propagating within a nonlinear MRRs system. The chaotic signals can be generated via a series of microring resonators, where the filtering process is performed via the Panda ring resonator system wherein ultrashort single and multiple optical soliton pulses of 60 GHz are generated and seen at the through and drop ports, respectively. The IEEE 802.15.3c standard operates at the 60 GHz frequency band, and it is applicable for a short distance optical communication such as indoor systems, where the higher transmission data rate can be performed using a high frequency band of the output optical soliton pulses. The single and multi-soliton pulses could be generated and converted to logic codes, where the bandwidths of these pulses are 5 and 20 MHz, respectively. Thus, these types of signals can be used in optical indoor systems and transmission link using appropriate components such as transmitter, fiber optics, amplifier, and receiver.
Unequal power allocation for image transmission with chaotic communicationIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for transmitting images over a noisy channel using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The proposed method employs orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and chaotic encoding schemes. At the transmitter, the input image is converted to bits and encoded using different chaotic encoders. The encoded outputs are transmitted using different antennas of the MIMO system at unequal power levels. At the receiver, the signals pass through OFDM receivers and chaotic decoders before taking the mean to obtain the output image, minimizing distortion. Simulation results show the proposed method achieves lower bit error rates than single transmitter schemes.
This document discusses implementing a virtual private network (VPN) over multi-protocol label switching (MPLS). It begins with an introduction to MPLS and how it works using label switching to route packets. It then discusses VPNs and how MPLS VPNs use separate routing tables called virtual routing and forwarding tables to isolate customer networks. The document demonstrates configuring an MPLS VPN using the GNS3 network simulator with two customer edge routers connecting two customer sites over an MPLS provider network. MPLS, VPNs, and the specific configuration steps are described. In the results section, the routing tables of the customer edge routers are shown to have routes from both customer sites, demonstrating that the MPLS VPN was successfully implemented to connect
The document discusses investigating packet transmission strategies in a MIMO equipped mobile ad hoc network using space-time coding. It proposes a new scheduling algorithm that improves packet transmission rate and energy performance. The system is modeled in OPNET using 40 randomly distributed nodes. Simulation results show the new algorithm enhances transmission efficiency compared to other methods by controlling node firing and scheduling packet transmissions based on network conditions and traffic demands.
All-Optical OFDM Generation for IEEE802.11a Based on Soliton Carriers Using M...University of Malaya (UM)
The optical carrier generation is the basic building block to implement all-optical
orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission. One method to optically
generate single and multicarriers is to use the microring resonator (MRR). The MRRs can be
used as filter devices, where generation of high-frequency (GHz) soliton signals as single
and multicarriers can be performed using suitable system parameters. Here, the optical
soliton in a nonlinear fiber MRR system is analyzed, using a modified add/drop system
known as a Panda ring resonator connected to an add/drop system. In order to set up a
transmission system, i.e., IEEE802.11a, first, 64 uniform optical carriers were generated and
separated by a splitter and modulated; afterward, the spectra of the modulated optical
subcarriers are overlapped, which results one optical OFDM channel band. The quadrature
amplitude modulation (QAM) and 16-QAM are used for modulating the subcarriers. The
generated OFDM signal is multiplexed with a single-carrier soliton and transmitted through
the single-mode fiber (SMF). After photodetection, the radio frequency (RF) signal was
propagated. On the receiver side, the RF signal was optically modulated and processed.
The results show the generation of 64 multicarriers evenly spaced in the range from 54.09 to
55.01 GHz, where demodulation of these signals is performed, and the performance of the
system is analyzed.
IRJET- Enhancing the Efficiency of Licenced Spectrum Sharing in 5G Hetero...IRJET Journal
This document discusses enhancing spectrum sharing efficiency between a MIMO radar and MIMO cellular network in 5G heterogeneous networks. It proposes using null space projection to mitigate interference between the radar and cellular system. The radar signals are projected onto the null space of the interference channel between the radar and cellular network, using an interference channel selection algorithm. This protects the cellular network from interference while minimizing performance losses for the radar. Simulation results are presented showing the radar's target detection performance when projecting waveforms to mitigate interference to the cellular system.
Coherent Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) Systems Pedro BertariniCPqD
This document discusses research being conducted at the University of São Paulo's Engineering School of São Carlos, Department of Electrical Engineering on Coherent Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) Systems. The research group is led by Postdoctoral Researcher Pedro Luiz Lima Bertarini and includes PhD and Masters candidates. The research focuses on OCDMA encoding technologies like Spectral Phase-Coding Time Spreading, system performance analysis, optimal code-set selection, and applications to antennas and biosensors. Results show code-set selection is necessary to implement optical networks based on OCDMA with satisfactory bit error rates and to maximize the number of simultaneous users. Future work will examine security, robustness and scalability of coherent OCDMA
This document analyzes the performance of various modulation schemes for achieving energy efficient communication over fading channels in wireless sensor networks. It finds that for long transmission distances, low-order modulations like BPSK are optimal due to their lower SNR requirements. However, as transmission distance decreases, higher-order modulations like 16-QAM and 64-QAM become more optimal since they can transmit more bits per symbol, outweighing their higher SNR needs. Simulations show lifetime extensions up to 550% are possible in short-range networks by using higher-order modulations instead of just BPSK. The optimal modulation depends on transmission distance and balancing the energy used by electronic components versus power amplifiers.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
TECHNIQUES IN PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MOBILE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM...Onyebuchi nosiri
The document reviews techniques for improving the performance of mobile wireless communication systems. It summarizes several scholarly articles that analyzed techniques like MIMO, OFDM, and diversity schemes using multiple antennas. The articles found that these techniques can improve performance by increasing data rates and reducing errors. Specifically, MIMO-OFDM was shown to significantly lower bit-error rates compared to SISO and MISO systems. Maximum ratio combining was also identified as providing better performance than other combining methods. The document recommends supporting theoretical analyses with field measurements.
The impact of noise on detecting the arrival angle using the root-WSF algorithmTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This article discusses three standards of Wi-Fi: traditional, current and next-generation Wi-Fi. These standards have been tested for their ability to detect the arrival angle of a noisy system. In this study, we chose to work with an intelligent system whose noise becomes more and more important to detect the desired angle of arrival. However, the use of the weighted subspace fitting (WSF) algorithm was able to detect all angles even for the 5th generation Wi-Fi without any problem, and therefore proved its robustness against noise.
This document analyzes the use of a preamplifier in optical intersatellite communication to reduce noise. It discusses how a preamplifier at the receiver can detect and correct errors in signals transmitted between satellites via laser beams. The system uses a preamplifier to amplify weak signals and increase the signal-to-noise ratio after propagation through the optical wireless channel. Simulation results show that the preamplifier is able to filter out noise from the signal and lower the bit error rate compared to a normal amplifier. Therefore, implementing a preamplifier in intersatellite optical communication can improve signal quality and reduce data losses during transmission.
This document provides an overview of mobile computing and mobile communication systems. It discusses various topics including:
- Guided and unguided signal transmission methods. Guided uses wires/fibers while unguided uses wireless electromagnetic signals.
- Signal propagation frequencies for different transmission standards like FM radio, GSM, UHF. It also discusses antenna types used for transmission and reception of signals.
- Modulation techniques and standards for 1G to 4G mobile systems. 1G supported only voice, while newer standards enable higher data rates and support for data/multimedia. GSM is described as a prominent 2G standard.
- Concepts of mobility including user mobility and device mobility. It also discusses applications and
5G Coupler Design for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Application IJECEIAES
Aiming to achieve 3-dB coupling, operating in fifth generation (5G) technologies, this paper introduces a new design of tight coupling coupler that will be operated in 5G technologies. Two stubs and two slots have been implemented into the 3-dB coupler design in order to achieve impedance matching between the ports and to give better coupling performances, respectively. Moreover, a study on the stubs’ and slots’ effects towards the S31 of the 3-dB coupler has also been presented in this paper. The proposed coupler is designed on Rogers RO4003C substrate. The simulation results and the analytical study on the stubs and slots implementation show that both stubs and slots affect the performance of the coupling coefficient.
Simulation model of dc servo motor controlEvans Marshall
This document describes a simulation model of a DC servo motor control system using the TrueTime simulator and WirelessHART communication protocol. The model includes three nodes - a sensor, controller, and actuator - connected via a WirelessHART network. The document provides details on configuring the TrueTime kernel blocks for each node, implementing the control algorithm, and setting up the WirelessHART network simulation. Simulation results are presented showing the data transfer between the nodes for controlling the motor position.
Performance Analysis of ROF System using NRZ CodingIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the performance of a Radio over Fiber (ROF) system using Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) coding in OptiSystem simulation software. The ROF system consists of a central station and remote access unit connected by single-mode fiber. NRZ-modulated signals are transmitted over fiber lengths of 20km, 40km, and 60km. Results show that Q factor decreases and bit error rate increases with longer fiber lengths. The minimum bit error rate is analyzed for each length, demonstrating the impact of distance on signal quality in the ROF system.
Performance Evaluation of MC-CDMA for Fixed WiMAX with EqualizationIRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance evaluation of MC-CDMA (Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access) for fixed WiMAX systems with equalization. MC-CDMA combines OFDM and CDMA to provide advantages like high data rates and increased number of users. The performance is analyzed using Rayleigh and Rician fading channel models with SUI channel parameters. Bit error rate is used as the performance metric and simulations are done in MATLAB. Fixed WiMAX uses OFDM and supports fixed wireless services, while mobile WiMAX uses OFDMA and supports both fixed and mobile broadband networks. Fading channel models are used to simulate real world channel conditions.
Luminescence of Cesium Thiocyanate (CsSCN) doped with Eu2+ (CsSCN:Eu2+)IOSR Journals
This document investigates cesium thiocyanate (CsSCN) as a host lattice for luminescence when doped with Eu2+. CsSCN was prepared from cadmium thiocyanate and calcium carbonate. The prepared CsSCN was doped with 0.05% Eu2+ at 220°C. X-ray powder diffraction confirmed the purity of the prepared CsSCN. Luminescence measurement of CsSCN:Eu2+ showed a broad emission spectrum with a maximum at 19801cm-1, which is characteristic of Eu2+ doped thiocyanates. The spectra obtained were consistent with f-d transitions of Eu2+, however some impurity peaks were observed
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is an International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Incidence of Equine Hoof Derangements in Malaysian Horse PopulationIOSR Journals
This document reports on a study that investigated the incidence of hoof derangements in the horse population of Malaysia. 53 horses from 5 establishments were examined. The most common hoof derangement found was chipped hoof, affecting 52 horses (53.52% incidence rate). Other common issues included grass cracks (41.74% incidence), thrush (40.20% incidence), and hoof rings (39.00% incidence). The study found the highest rates of thrush and chipped hooves in poorly managed establishments, with horses 2-3 times more likely to have these issues compared to well-managed establishments. Management factors like nutrition, trimming and shoeing can help reduce hoof wall der
Survey of different Web Application Attacks & Its Preventive MeasuresIOSR Journals
This document summarizes different types of web application attacks and proposed preventative measures. It discusses denial of service (DOS) attacks, cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks, SQL injection attacks, and request encoding attacks that have occurred from 2012-2014. Statistics on the financial impact of these attacks on various industries are provided. The document then proposes solutions to prevent DOS attacks, XSS attacks, SQL injection attacks, and request encoding attacks. These include implementing input validation, output encoding, access control, and encryption. Overall, the document aims to survey common web application attacks and identify best practices for building secure applications.
Estimation of Metric Distance of Observations from the Average ScoreIOSR Journals
This document proposes a method to estimate the "metric distance" of observations from the average score in a population. Metric distance is defined as the number of subjects whose scores are lower or higher than a given subject's score relative to the average. Formulas are developed to calculate the metric distance and its variance for each subject. Hypothesis tests are proposed to test if a subject's metric distance is equal to a given value or to test if two subjects' metric distances are the same. The method is intended to help determine how many subjects are above or below average compared to a reference subject.
Survey and Analysis of Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Ne...IOSR Journals
This document summarizes and compares four medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks: T-MAC, B-MAC, S-MAC, and DSMAC. It discusses the key constraints and characteristics of wireless sensor networks that impact MAC protocol design, including limited energy resources. For each protocol, it describes the protocol's operation, analyzes its power consumption and latency performance, and compares the protocols. It finds that T-MAC is more energy efficient than S-MAC due to its adaptive active period, but S-MAC has lower latency. DSMAC achieves lower power consumption than B-MAC through adaptive duty cycling.
A Novel Approach for Tracking with Implicit Video Shot DetectionIOSR Journals
1) The document presents a novel approach that combines video shot detection and object tracking using a particle filter to create an efficient tracking algorithm with implicit shot detection.
2) It uses a robust pixel difference method for shot detection that is resistant to sudden illumination changes. It then applies a particle filter for tracking that uses color histograms and Bhattacharyya distance to track objects across frames.
3) The key innovation is that the tracking algorithm is only initiated after a shot change is detected, reducing computational costs by discarding unneeded frames and triggering tracking only when needed. This provides a more efficient solution for tracking large video datasets with minimal preprocessing.
Classification By Clustering Based On Adjusted ClusterIOSR Journals
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new technique called "Classification by Clustering" (CbC) to define decision trees based on cluster analysis. The technique is tested on two large HR datasets. CbC involves running a clustering algorithm on the dataset without using the target variable, calculating the target variable distribution in each cluster, setting a threshold to classify entities, fine-tuning the results by weighting important attributes, and testing the results on new data. The paper finds that CbC can provide meaningful decision rules even when conventional decision trees fail to do so, and in some cases CbC performs better. A new evaluation measure called Weighted Group Score is also introduced to assess models when conventional measures cannot be used
Performance Evaluation of High Speed Congestion Control ProtocolsIOSR Journals
This document evaluates and compares the performance of seven high-speed congestion control protocols: Bic TCP, Cubic TCP, Hamilton TCP, HighSpeed TCP, Illinois TCP, Scalable TCP and YeAH TCP. The protocols are simulated using NS-2 with multiple flows and their efficiency, fairness, and overall performance are calculated and compared for different numbers of flows. Key metrics like throughput, link utilization, and fairness index are analyzed for the protocols under varying parameters like RTT, queue size, and number of flows. Cubic TCP and Bic TCP generally showed better performance than the other protocols based on the simulations.
Requirements and Challenges for Securing Cloud Applications and ServicesIOSR Journals
This document discusses the requirements and challenges for securing cloud applications and services. It begins with an abstract that introduces cloud computing security as complex due to many factors. The document then provides context on cloud computing architectural frameworks and models to help evaluate security risks when adopting cloud services. It discusses key aspects of cloud architecture like deployment models, service models, and multi-tenancy that impact security. Understanding these relationships is important for informed risk management decisions regarding cloud adoption strategies.
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This document analyzes the growth and productivity of Indian sugar companies from 2001-2002 to 2010-2011. It finds that northern Indian sugar companies generally saw higher annual growth rates in key metrics like net worth, sales, profits, and raw materials consumption compared to southern companies, driven by better rainfall and irrigation. Regression analysis showed raw materials and other variables like capital and labor contributed 99% to a company's output. The study aims to help improve sugar industry productivity in India by analyzing productivity ratios and trends over time.
Jamming Attacks Prevention in Wireless Networks Using Packet Hiding MethodsIOSR Journals
This document discusses selective jamming attacks in wireless networks and methods to prevent them. It begins by introducing the open nature of wireless networks leaves them vulnerable to jamming attacks. It then discusses different types of jamming attacks and notes that selective jamming, which targets specific important packets, is more effective than continuous jamming. The document proposes using cryptographic techniques like commitment schemes and puzzles combined with physical layer parameters to prevent real-time packet classification and selective jamming. It reviews related work on jamming attacks and defenses. Finally, it outlines the problem statement, system model, and the contribution of using symmetric encryption and resisting brute force block encryption attacks to reduce jamming through packet hiding.
Social Network Based Learning Management SystemIOSR Journals
This document describes a social network-based learning management system (LMS) that integrates an LMS into Facebook. The system allows learning activities and course content to be shared on Facebook. It was tested with 74 test cases across user types, and all functions worked as intended. Positives included socializing learning on Facebook, but limitations were a lack of online exams, managed discussions, and video chat capabilities. The system aimed to leverage social networking to enhance education.
Overview of State Estimation Technique for Power System ControlIOSR Journals
This document provides an overview of state estimation techniques for power system control. It discusses static, tracking, and dynamic state estimation approaches and how they differ based on whether measurements and system models are time-variant or invariant. The document also describes how state estimation processes redundant measurements to filter noise and estimate true system states like voltage magnitudes and angles at each bus. It further discusses weighted least squares estimation, the use of Jacobian matrices to iteratively estimate states, and how state estimation provides critical real-time data for power system monitoring and control functions.
A Novel PSNR-B Approach for Evaluating the Quality of De-blocked Images IOSR Journals
This document discusses evaluating the quality of deblocked images using different quality assessment metrics. It proposes a new metric called PSNR-B that includes a blocking effect factor in PSNR calculations. The document compares PSNR-B to PSNR and SSIM metrics. It studies the effect of quantization step size on measured image quality and analyzes how deblocking algorithms like lowpass filtering can reduce blocking artifacts but also introduce new distortions. Simulation results show PSNR-B correlates better than PSNR with subjective quality judgments of deblocked images.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for generating and transmitting logic codes using a chaotic encoding-decoding system with a single ring resonator and optical fiber. The system works by using the single ring resonator to generate chaotic signals that are then converted into a logic code. This logic code is encoded for secure transmission over 50km of optical fiber. At the receiving end, the encoded signals are detected, decoded, and the original logic code is retrieved. The researchers simulated this process using software and were able to generate, encode, transmit, detect and decode a sample logic code string.
Nonlinear behaviors of light such as chaos can be observed during propagation of a Gaussian laser beam inside a single ring resonator system. Chaotic signals can be employed to generate data of logic codes to be transmitted along the fiber optic communication. Controlling of the chaotic signals can be implemented by the parameter of the system such as coupling coefficient, the ring’s radius, coupling loss and input power. The central wavelength of the input Gaussian laser pulse has been selected to λ0=1550 nm where the nonlinear refractive index of the medium is n2=1.4×10−13 m2 W−1. Therefore the data of logic codes generated by the single ring resonator system can be converted to transmitting secured codes where the decoding process of the transmitted codes can be obtained at the end of the transmission link. Here generation of logic code of “101010101011010101011101011110101101010101010110101” is performed, encoded and decoded over 50 km fiber optics. Thus secured transmitting of signals can be obtained along the long distance fiber
communication.
The document proposes a new system for quantum cryptography network communication using optical tweezers generated via a nonlinear modified add/drop interferometer. Dark solitons and Gaussian pulses are introduced to generate multiple optical potential wells representing secured binary codes. These coded potential wells can be transmitted through different time slots in a time division multiple access system for high-capacity secure data transmission. Narrow output pulses of 9.57 nm and 8 nm were obtained from the drop and through ports, which were then combined and used to generate multiplexed potential well signals with 0.8 nm width and 5 nm frequency spacing for transmitting digital codes to network users via different fiber lengths.
NEW SYSTEM OF CHAOTIC SIGNAL GENERATION BASED ON COUPLING COEFFICIENTS APPLI...University of Malaya (UM)
The nonlinear behavior (chaotic) of light traveling in an optical fiber ring resonator such as an add/drop system
is presented. The chaotic behavior is considered to be a beneficial effect that can be used in the communication
system. Such a system can be used to secure the information signals, therefore, the ability of chaotic carriers to synchronize in a communication system is performed. The used optical material is InGaAsP/InP regarding to suitable parameters of the system. The nonlinear refractive index is fixed to n2 = 3.8 × 10−20 m2
/W, and the 20,000 iterations of round-trip within the system is simulated. The input powers are selected at 1 W, where the coupling coefficient of the system varies according to two critical cases, where 0 0.1
and 0.1 1. As a results, larger coupler coefficient corresponds to lower input power for the case of
0 0.1 and smaller coupling coefficient of the system is corresponds to lower input power when
0.1 1. To optimize the microring systems, Lower input power is recommended in many applications in optical optical communication systems.
Ultra-short Multi Soliton Generation for Application in Long Distance Commun...University of Malaya (UM)
Generation of picometer optical soliton pulses is investigated using a nonlinear PANDA ring resonator system connecting to an add/drop filter system. The objectives of the research are to employ systems of microring resonator (MRR) to generate binary signals to be carried out along fiber optic communication. Effective parameters such as refractive indices of a silicon waveguide, coupling coefficients (), coupling loss, radius of the ring (R) and the input power can be selected properly to operate the nonlinear behavior. The input Gaussian laser pulses with power of 600 mW are inserted into the system. The central wavelength of the input power has been selected to λ0=1.55 µm where the nonlinear refractive index of the medium is n2=2.6×10−17 m2 W−1. Therefore binary signals generated by the add/drop filter system can be converted to secure codes where the decoding process of the transmitted codes can be obtained at the final step. Here, multi soliton pulses with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 325 could be generated, converted to secure codes and finally detected over 70 km optical fiber communication link.
Decimal Convertor Application for Optical Wireless Communication by Generatin...University of Malaya (UM)
Two systems consist of microring resonators (MRRs) and an add/drop filter are used to generate signals as localized multi wavelengths. Quantum dense encoding
can be performed by output signals of selected wavelengths incorporated to a polarization control system. Therefore dark and bright optical soliton pulses
with different time slot are generated. They can be converted into digital logic quantum codes using a decimal convertor system propagating along a wireless networks. Results show that multi soliton wavelength, ranged from 1.55 m to 1.56 m with FWHM and FSR of 10 pm and 600 pm can be generated respectively. Keywords- Micro Ring Resonator, Quantum Dense Coding (QDC), Wireless network communication system.
Generation of Quantum Photon Information Using Extremely Narrow Optical Tweez...University of Malaya (UM)
A system of microring resonator (MRR) is presented to generate extremely narrow optical tweezers. An add/drop filter system consisting of one centered ring and one smaller ring on the left side can be used to generate extremely narrow pulse of optical tweezers. Optical tweezers generated by the dark-Gaussian behavior propagate via the MRRs system, where the input Gaussian pulse controls the output signal at the drop port of the system. Here the output optical tweezers can be connected to a quantum signal processing system (receiver), where it can be used to generate high capacity quantum codes within series of MRR’s and an add/drop filter. Detection of the encoded signals known as quantum bits can be done by the receiver unit system. Generated entangled photon pair propagates via an optical communication link. Here, the result of optical tweezers with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 0.3 nm, 0.8 nm and 1.6 nm, 1.3 nm are obtained at the through and drop ports of the system respectively. These results used to be transmitted through a quantum signal processor via an optical computer network communication link.
Generation of Nanometer Optical Tweezers Used for Optical Communication Netw...University of Malaya (UM)
This document describes a system that can generate nanometer optical tweezers for use in optical communication networks. The system involves propagating dark solitons inside a nonlinear microring resonator (MRR). By controlling parameters like input power, the system can produce optical tweezers with full widths at half maximum as small as 9 nm. These ultra-short nanometer optical tweezers could improve data capacity in communication networks. The document also discusses using such a system along with a wavelength router for applications like quantum cryptography and secure optical communication.
Secured Transportation of Quantum Codes Using Integrated PANDA-Add/drop and T...University of Malaya (UM)
New system of quantum cryptography for communication networks is proposed. Multi optical Soliton can be generated and propagated via an add/drop interferometer system incorporated with a time division multiple access (TDMA) system. Here the transportation of quantum codes is performed. Chaotic output signals from the PANDA ring resonator are inserted into the add/drop filter system. Using the add/drop filter system multi dark and bright solitons can be obtained and used to generate entangled quantum codes for internet security. In this research soliton pulses with FWHM and FSR of 325 pm and 880 nm are generated, respectively.
Secured transportation of quantum codes using integrated panda adddrop and td...University of Malaya (UM)
This document proposes a new system for secure quantum communication networks using integrated PANDA ring resonator and time division multiple access (TDMA) systems. It generates and propagates multiple optical solitons that can be used to transmit quantum codes. Chaotic signals from the PANDA resonator are inserted into an add/drop filter system to generate multiple dark and bright solitons. These solitons can then be used to generate entangled quantum codes for network security. The system is capable of generating soliton pulses with a full width at half maximum of 325pm and a free spectral range of 880nm.
This document summarizes research on using microring resonators (MRRs) to trap optical solitons and generate entangled photon pairs for quantum key distribution. Simulations show ultra-short soliton pulses can be trapped within MRRs at specific frequencies and time durations. Polarization-entangled photon pairs are generated from the solitons and different pairs are encoded in different time slots. The entangled photons can be transmitted securely over a wireless network using a router system. The research demonstrates how MRRs can localize spatial and temporal solitons to generate quantum keys for optical communication security.
This document discusses using trapped picosecond soliton pulses in microring resonators to generate entangled photon pairs for quantum keys. Simulations show soliton pulses with peak powers of 500-550 mW can be trapped within resonator frequencies of 3.52 GHz. This generates a 25 picosecond temporal soliton pulse that can be used to produce entangled photon pairs. The photons are then transmitted using a wireless router system to securely communicate information over an optical network. The microring resonators balance dispersion and nonlinearity to localize the soliton pulses for generating the entangled photons needed for quantum cryptography.
Improved linearization of laser source and erbium dopedIAEME Publication
This document discusses techniques to reduce nonlinear distortion in Radio over Fiber (RoF) systems. It summarizes:
1) Predistortion is used to reduce nonlinearity introduced by the laser source. By introducing a predistortion circuit in front of the laser, its nonlinearity can be reduced.
2) Feedforward technique is employed to reduce nonlinear distortion in erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs).
3) Both techniques are analyzed individually and their combined effect is investigated to minimize nonlinear distortion in RoF systems.
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of physics and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in applied physics. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Cryptography Scheme of an Optical Switching System Using Pico/Femto Second So...University of Malaya (UM)
We propose a system of microring resonators (MRRs) incorporating with an add/drop filter system. Optical soliton can be simulated and used to generate entangled photon, applicable in single and multiple optical switching. Chaotic signals can be generated via the MRRs system. Therefore continuous spatial and temporal signals are generated spreading over the spectrum. Polarized photons are formed incorporating the
polarization control unit into the MRRs, which allows different time slot entangled photons to be randomly formed. Results show the single soliton pulse of 0.7 ps where the multi soliton pulse with FSR and FWHM of 0.6 ns and 20 ps are generated using the add/drop filter system. Here Ultra-short single soliton pulse with FWHM=42 fs can be simulated. These pulses are providing required communication signals to generate pair of polarization entangled photons among different time frame where the polarization control unit and polarizer beam splitter (PBS) are connected to the ring resonator system.
Frequency wavelength trapping by integrated ring resonators for secured netwo...University of Malaya (UM)
This document presents a system using integrated ring resonators to trap optical pulses by frequency and wavelength for secured network and communication systems. The system generates discrete frequency pulses between 10-30 MHz and discrete wavelength pulses between 200-2500 nm that can be used to generate quantum codes for secured network communication. Mathematical models are presented and simulation results show the trapping of specific frequencies of 10.7 MHz and 16 MHz, and wavelengths of 206.9 nm, 1448 nm, 2169 nm, and 2489 nm within the ring resonator system. The discrete frequencies and wavelengths can be transmitted through communication networks using the generated quantum codes.
Frequency-Wavelength Trapping by Integrated Ring Resonators For Secured Netwo...University of Malaya (UM)
Optical pulse trapping via a series of microring resonator (MRR) is presented. Large bandwidth of optical soliton is generated by input pulse propagating within the MRRs. Distinguished discrete wavelength or frequency pulses can be generated by using localized spatial pulses via a networks communication system. Quantum codes can be generated by using a polarization control unit and a beam splitter, incorporating to the MRRs. Here frequency band of 10.7 MHz and 16 MHz and wavelengths of 206.9 nm, 1448 nm, 2169 nm and 2489 nm are localized and obtained and used for quantum codes generation applicable for secured networks communication.
Energy Efficiency of MIMO-OFDM Communication SystemIJERA Editor
The document discusses the energy efficiency of MIMO-OFDM communication systems. It begins with an introduction to the need for high-speed communication networks to meet increasing data demands. It then describes how MIMO and OFDM technologies can be combined to enhance data rates over frequency-selective fading channels. The document presents the system model of a MIMO-OFDM system using adaptive beamforming to mitigate co-channel interference at the satellite. Simulation results using MATLAB show that MIMO-OFDM systems have better performance than other modulation schemes in terms of lower bit error rate and mean square error.
THE PERFORMANCE OF CONVOLUTIONAL CODING BASED COOPERATIVE COMMUNICATION: RELAYIJCNCJournal
Wireless communication faces adversities due to noise, fading, and path loss. Multiple-Input MultipleOutput (MIMO) systems are used to overcome individual fading effect by employing transmit diversity. Duo to user single-antenna, Cooperation between at least two users is able to provide spatial diversity. This paper presents the evaluation of the performances of the Amplify and Forward (AF) cooperative system for different relay positions using several network topologies over Rayleigh and Rician fading channel. Furthermore, we present the performances of AF cooperative system with various power allocation. The results show that cooperative communication with convolutional coding shows an outperformance compared to the non-convolutional, which is a promising solution for high data-rate networks such as (WSN), Ad hoc, (IoT), and even mobile networks. When topologies are compared, the simulation shows that, linear topology offers the best BER performance, in contrast when the relay acts as source and the source take the relay place, the analysis result shows that, equilateral triangle topology has the best BER performance and stability, and the system performance with inter-user Rician fading channel is better than the performance of the system with inter-user Rayleigh fading channel.
IMPROVEMENT OF LTE DOWNLINK SYSTEM PERFORMANCES USING THE LAGRANGE POLYNOMIAL...IJCNCJournal
The document describes research on improving the performance of LTE downlink systems using Lagrange polynomial interpolation for channel estimation. It presents the MIMO-OFDM transmission scheme used in LTE and discusses various channel estimation techniques including linear, sinus cardinal, Newton polynomial, and Lagrange polynomial interpolation. Simulation results show that Lagrange polynomial interpolation outperforms other methods in terms of block error rate, throughput, and error vector magnitude versus signal-to-noise ratio. The optimal order of the Lagrange polynomial is determined by evaluating performance for different orders.
This document provides a technical review of secure banking using RSA and AES encryption methodologies. It discusses how RSA and AES are commonly used encryption standards for secure data transmission between ATMs and bank servers. The document first provides background on ATM security measures and risks of attacks. It then reviews related work analyzing encryption techniques. The document proposes using a one-time password in addition to a PIN for ATM authentication. It concludes that implementing encryption standards like RSA and AES can make transactions more secure and build trust in online banking.
This document provides a review of mobility management techniques in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). It discusses three modes of communication in VANETs: vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and hybrid vehicle (HV) communication. For each communication mode, different mobility management schemes are required due to their unique characteristics. The document also discusses mobility management challenges in VANETs and outlines some open research issues in improving mobility management for seamless communication in these dynamic networks.
This document provides a review of different techniques for segmenting brain MRI images to detect tumors. It compares the K-means and Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithms. K-means is an exclusive clustering algorithm that groups data points into distinct clusters, while Fuzzy C-means is an overlapping clustering algorithm that allows data points to belong to multiple clusters. The document finds that Fuzzy C-means requires more time for brain tumor detection compared to other methods like hierarchical clustering or K-means. It also reviews related work applying these clustering algorithms to segment brain MRI images.
1) The document simulates and compares the performance of AODV and DSDV routing protocols in a mobile ad hoc network under three conditions: when users are fixed, when users move towards the base station, and when users move away from the base station.
2) The results show that both protocols have higher packet delivery and lower packet loss when users are either fixed or moving towards the base station, since signal strength is better in those scenarios. Performance degrades when users move away from the base station due to weaker signals.
3) AODV generally has better performance than DSDV, with higher throughput and packet delivery rates observed across the different user mobility conditions.
This document describes the design and implementation of 4-bit QPSK and 256-bit QAM modulation techniques using MATLAB. It compares the two techniques based on SNR, BER, and efficiency. The key steps of implementing each technique in MATLAB are outlined, including generating random bits, modulation, adding noise, and measuring BER. Simulation results show scatter plots and eye diagrams of the modulated signals. A table compares the results, showing that 256-bit QAM provides better performance than 4-bit QPSK. The document concludes that QAM modulation is more effective for digital transmission systems.
The document proposes a hybrid technique using Anisotropic Scale Invariant Feature Transform (A-SIFT) and Robust Ensemble Support Vector Machine (RESVM) to accurately identify faces in images. A-SIFT improves upon traditional SIFT by applying anisotropic scaling to extract richer directional keypoints. Keypoints are processed with RESVM and hypothesis testing to increase accuracy above 95% by repeatedly reprocessing images until the threshold is met. The technique was tested on similar and different facial images and achieved better results than SIFT in retrieval time and reduced keypoints.
This document studies the effects of dielectric superstrate thickness on microstrip patch antenna parameters. Three types of probes-fed patch antennas (rectangular, circular, and square) were designed to operate at 2.4 GHz using Arlondiclad 880 substrate. The antennas were tested with and without an Arlondiclad 880 superstrate of varying thicknesses. It was found that adding a superstrate slightly degraded performance by lowering the resonant frequency and increasing return loss and VSWR, while decreasing bandwidth and gain. Specifically, increasing the superstrate thickness or dielectric constant resulted in greater changes to the antenna parameters.
This document describes a wireless environment monitoring system that utilizes soil energy as a sustainable power source for wireless sensors. The system uses a microbial fuel cell to generate electricity from the microbial activity in soil. Two microbial fuel cells were created using different soil types and various additives to produce different current and voltage outputs. An electronic circuit was designed on a printed circuit board with components like a microcontroller and ZigBee transceiver. Sensors for temperature and humidity were connected to the circuit to monitor the environment wirelessly. The system provides a low-cost way to power remote sensors without needing battery replacement and avoids the high costs of wiring a power source.
1) The document proposes a model for a frequency tunable inverted-F antenna that uses ferrite material.
2) The resonant frequency of the antenna can be significantly shifted from 2.41GHz to 3.15GHz, a 31% shift, by increasing the static magnetic field placed on the ferrite material.
3) Altering the permeability of the ferrite allows tuning of the antenna's resonant frequency without changing the physical dimensions, providing flexibility to operate over a wide frequency range.
This document summarizes a research paper that presents a speech enhancement method using stationary wavelet transform. The method first classifies speech into voiced, unvoiced, and silence regions based on short-time energy. It then applies different thresholding techniques to the wavelet coefficients of each region - modified hard thresholding for voiced speech, semi-soft thresholding for unvoiced speech, and setting coefficients to zero for silence. Experimental results using speech from the TIMIT database corrupted with white Gaussian noise at various SNR levels show improved performance over other popular denoising methods.
This document reviews the design of an energy-optimized wireless sensor node that encrypts data for transmission. It discusses how sensing schemes that group nodes into clusters and transmit aggregated data can reduce energy consumption compared to individual node transmissions. The proposed node design calculates the minimum transmission power needed based on received signal strength and uses a periodic sleep/wake cycle to optimize energy when not sensing or transmitting. It aims to encrypt data at both the node and network level to further optimize energy usage for wireless communication.
This document discusses group consumption modes. It analyzes factors that impact group consumption, including external environmental factors like technological developments enabling new forms of online and offline interactions, as well as internal motivational factors at both the group and individual level. The document then proposes that group consumption modes can be divided into four types based on two dimensions: vertical (group relationship intensity) and horizontal (consumption action period). These four types are instrument-oriented, information-oriented, enjoyment-oriented, and relationship-oriented consumption modes. Finally, the document notes that consumption modes are dynamic and can evolve over time.
The document summarizes a study of different microstrip patch antenna configurations with slotted ground planes. Three antenna designs were proposed and their performance evaluated through simulation: a conventional square patch, an elliptical patch, and a star-shaped patch. All antennas were mounted on an FR4 substrate. The effects of adding different slot patterns to the ground plane on resonance frequency, bandwidth, gain and efficiency were analyzed parametrically. Key findings were that reshaping the patch and adding slots increased bandwidth and shifted resonance frequency. The elliptical and star patches in particular performed better than the conventional design. Three antenna configurations were selected for fabrication and measurement based on the simulations: a conventional patch with a slot under the patch, an elliptical patch with slots
1) The document describes a study conducted to improve call drop rates in a GSM network through RF optimization.
2) Drive testing was performed before and after optimization using TEMS software to record network parameters like RxLevel, RxQuality, and events.
3) Analysis found call drops were occurring due to issues like handover failures between sectors, interference from adjacent channels, and overshooting due to antenna tilt.
4) Corrective actions taken included defining neighbors between sectors, adjusting frequencies to reduce interference, and lowering the mechanical tilt of an antenna.
5) Post-optimization drive testing showed improvements in RxLevel, RxQuality, and a reduction in dropped calls.
This document describes the design of an intelligent autonomous wheeled robot that uses RF transmission for communication. The robot has two modes - automatic mode where it can make its own decisions, and user control mode where a user can control it remotely. It is designed using a microcontroller and can perform tasks like object recognition using computer vision and color detection in MATLAB, as well as wall painting using pneumatic systems. The robot's movement is controlled by DC motors and it uses sensors like ultrasonic sensors and gas sensors to navigate autonomously. RF transmission allows communication between the robot and a remote control unit. The overall aim is to develop a low-cost robotic system for industrial applications like material handling.
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Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdf
I0315257
1. IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
e-ISSN: 2278-4861.Volume 3, Issue 1 (Jan. - Feb. 2013), PP 52-57
www.iosrjournals.org
www.iosrjournals.org 52 | Page
Nonlinear Chaotic Signals Generation and Transmission within
an Optical Fiber Communication Link
I. S. Amiri 1*
, A. Nikoukar 2
, J. Ali 1
1
Institute of Advanced Photonics Science, Nanotechnology Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
(UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
2
Faculty of Computer Science & Information Systems (FCSIS), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81300
Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Abstract: The nonlinear behavior of light such as chaos traveling in an optical fiber ring resonator as a single
ring resonator is presented. This phenomenon can be used to generate secret codes or arbitrary digital codes of
"0" and "1" applicable in the communication system such as time division multiple access (TDMA) system. Such
a system can be used to secure the information signals therefore, the ability of chaotic carriers to synchronize in
a communication system is performed. The used optical material is InGaAsP/InP regarding to suitable
parameters of the system. The nonlinear refractive index is fixed to n2=3.8 × 10−20
m2
/W. The input power is
selected at 1 W, where the coupling coefficient of the system varies as 1.00 . As a result, train of logic
codes could be generated and transmitted via a fiber communication link using the chaotic signals. To optimize
the microring systems, Lower input power is recommended in many applications in optical optical
communication systems
Keywords: Chaotic communication; Logic Codes; TDMA system; Optical Soliton Transmission
I. Introduction
Nonlinear behaviors of light traveling in a fiber optic ring resonator are commonly induced by the
effects such as Kerr effects [1-4], four-wave mixing, and the external nonlinear pumping power [5]. Such
nonlinear behaviors are named as chaos, bistability, and bifurcation [6]. More details of such behaviors in a
microring resonator are clearly described by Amiri et al [7]. However, apart from the penalties of the nonlinear
behaviors of light traveling in the fiber ring resonator [8-9], there are some benefits that can be used in the
communication system [10]. One of them known as chaotic behavior that has been used to make the benefit of
communication system in either electronic or optical communications [11-13]. Fortunately, most of the previous
investigations are shown in mathematical ways, where the practical applications could be implemented [14-16].
For instance, the chaotic control input power [17-20] into the system is equal to the standard communication
light source used in the system, and the implemented fiber optic devices are in the fabrication scales [21-23].
This means the ability of chaotic carriers to synchronize in a communication system is valid [24-26]. Recently,
Amiri et al. have reported the successful characterization of the microring resonator with a radius of micron
meters [27-28] using the optical materials called InGaAsP/InP [29-31], which are suitable for use in the practical
devices and systems [32-33].
Amiri et al have also shown that an add/drop device could be constructed using a microring resonator,
where the device characteristics have shown that they are suitable to implement in the practical communication
system [34-35]. In practical applications, the microring resonator and add/drop device parameters are required to
make them within the ranges of the usual fabrication parameters [36-39]. This paper presents the design of the
system of the chaotic signal generation that uses the practical device parameters. Such a system can be used to
secure the information signals [40-41], where the tapping of the signals from the optical communication link is
extremely difficult [42-44]. The results obtained have shown that the device parameters used have good
potentials for practical applications. The analogy of the chaotic signal generation using fiber ring resonator and
the related behaviors is described. This research is supported by the Institute of Advanced Photonics Science,
Nanotechnology Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM).
II. THEORY AND SYSTEM
A ring resonator configuration is shown in figure 1, where the circumference of the fiber ring is L [45-
48]. The input and output signals are given by Ein and Eout respectively.
2. Nonlinear Chaotic Signals Generation and Transmission Within an Optical Fiber Communication
www.iosrjournals.org 53 | Page
Fig. 1: A diagram of a fiber optic ring resonator
Here, the input light of the monochromatic diode laser is inserted into the system [49-54]. The input
light of Gaussian beams can be expressed as [55-59],
ti
L
x
EtE
D
in 00 )
2
(exp)( (1)
0E and x are the amplitude of optical field and propagation distance respectively [60-63]. LD is the dispersion
length of the soliton pulse [64-67] where, frequency shift of the signal is ω0 [68-70]. When a soliton pulse is
input and propagated within a microring resonator, the resonant output is formed, thus, optical circuits of the
system can be given by [71-73],
)
2
(sin114)111(
))1(1(
1)1(
)(
)(
22
2
2
xx
x
tE
tE
in
out (2)
is the coupling coefficient [74], and x=exp(-αL/2) represents a round-trip loss coefficient [75], Φ0=kLn0 [76]
and ΦNL=kLn2|Ein|2
are the linear and nonlinear phase shifts [77-78] and k=2/ is the wave propagation number
in a vacuum [79]. L and α are a waveguide length and linear absorption coefficient, respectively [80-82]. The
parameters of the system were fixed to be λ0=1.55μm, n0 =3.34 [83-85], Aeff is the effective mode core area of the
fiber [86-88], where Aeff=30μm2
, the fiber losses α=0.02dB/km [89-90]. The fractional coupler intensity loss is
γ=0.01 [91-92], and R=12.5μm. The coupling coefficient varies regarding to the input power [93-94]. The
nonlinear refractive indices ranged from n2=3.8×10−20
m2
/W, and the 20,000 iterations of round-trips inside the
optical fiber is simulated [95].
III. Results And Discussion
The input power is maximized at 1 W, where the output power is varied directly with the coupling
coefficient. Thus, the chaotic signal can be generated and controlled by varying the coupling coefficients, where
the required output power is obtained. Here, the coupling coefficient ranges as 1.00 . Figure 2 shows the
output chaotic signals generated for a variety of coupling coefficients, where the coupling coefficients vary from
02.0 to 085.0 . The figure 2 (a) shows the output signal in terms of round-trip, where the figure 2(b-e)
show the output signals reverence to different coupling coefficients. Therefore, larger coupler coefficient
corresponds to lower input power which is required in many applications in optical switching and optical
communication systems.
Fig. 2: Generation of chaotic signals when 1.00 , (a): output signal versus number of round-trips, (b):
Output chaotic signal where 02.0 , (c): Output chaotic signal where 045.0 , (d): Output chaotic signal
where 085.0
3. Nonlinear Chaotic Signals Generation and Transmission Within an Optical Fiber Communication
www.iosrjournals.org 54 | Page
The chaotic signals can be used to generate information of binary codes where the encoding and
decoding of data can be performed via a TDMA system. This system will encode the binary logic codes of “0”
and “1” and transmit them via fiber optic communication, where the decoding process is performed at the end of
the transmission link. The schematic of the TDMA system is shown in figure 3, in which transmission of chaotic
signals for communication networks can be obtained. Thus by using arbitrary digital coding, different signal
information propagate in the network communication via a TDMA transmission system. This system uses data
in the form of secured codes to be transferred to single users via different lengths of the fiber optic line to the
TDMA transmitter.
Fig. 3: Schematic of the TDMA system
Therefore, digital code information can be shared between users in different time slots. The
transmission unit is a part of the quantum processing system that can be used to transfer the high capacity packet
of quantum codes. Moreover, a high capacity of data can be transferred by using more wavelength carriers.
Here, transmission of arbitrary digital codes of "1111000000101001111000000000000011000000000001" is
performed. Figure 4 shows the forms of transmitting signals in the optical fiber communication system.
Fig. 4: Transmitting of digital codes where (a): Binary codes, (b): Secured codes, (c), Transmitted codes over 125
km fiber optics, (d) decoded signals into original signals.
Therefore, transmission of data along fiber network communication is performed using chaotic signals.
The security scheme of the transmission can be obtained by encoding-decoding of data where the high capacity
of transmission requires highly optical signals such as chaotic signal which is employed whether it is used as
optical carrier or optical information.
IV. Conclusion
We have proposed the optical microring resonator system that uses critical parameters such as coupling
coefficient to generate and control the output signals in the form of chaotic signals. Here, the common nonlinear
penalty in the fiber optic microring resonator is presented. By using the chaotic signal generation system, the
information or data, in an optical communication and transmission link can be secured and used for a public
4. Nonlinear Chaotic Signals Generation and Transmission Within an Optical Fiber Communication
www.iosrjournals.org 55 | Page
network. The chaotic signals can be encoded and decoded within a communication network system such as a
TDMA system. Therefore secret codes travel within the optical fiber communication, where the detection of the
signals can be performed using the TDMA system. This technique is used to transfer the information along long
distance fiber communication which is a promising application in nano digital communication especially when a
soliton pulse is employed.
Acknowledgements
I. S. Amiri would like to thank the Institute of Advanced Photonics Science, Nanotechnology Research
Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM).
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[4] I. S. Amiri, A. Shahidinejad, A. Nikoukar, J. Ali, and P. Yupapin, A Study oF Dynamic Optical Tweezers Generation For
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Optical Tweezers, Chinese Journal of Physics, 2013.
[11] J. Ali, A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, M. Kouhnavard, and P. P. Yupapin, Generation of continuous optical spectrum by soliton
into a nano-waveguide, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[12] J. Ali, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, and P. P. Yupapin, MRR quantum dense coding, presented at the Nanotech Malaysia, International
Conference on Enabling Science & Technology, KLCC, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2010.
[13] J. Ali, A. Afroozeh, M. Hamdi, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, M. Kouhnavard, and P. Yupapin, Optical bistability behaviour in a double-
coupler ring resonator, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[14] J. Ali, K. Raman, A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, I. N. Nawi, and P. P. Yupapin, Generation of DSA for security application,
presented at the 2nd International Science, Social Science, Engineering Energy Conference (I-SEEC 2010), Nakhonphanom,
Thailand, 2010.
[15] P. P. Yupapin, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, I. Naim, and J. Ali, New Communication Bands Generated by Using a Soliton Pulse within a
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soliton, in Enabling Science and Nanotechnology (ESciNano) Conference, Malaysia, 2010, 210-216.
[17] J. Ali, S. Saktioto, M. Hamdi, and I. S. Amiri, Dynamic silicon dioxide fiber coupling polarized by voltage breakdown, presented at
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[18] M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, M. Kouhnavard, A. Afroozeh, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Finesse Improvements of Light Pulses within MRR
System, in Faculty of Science Postgraduate Conference (FSPGC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2010.
[19] N. J. Ridha, F. K. Mohamad, I. S. Amiri, Saktioto, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Controlling Center Wavelength and Free Spectrum
Range by MRR Radii presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
2010.
[20] A. A. Shojaei and I. S. Amiri, DSA for Secured Optical Communication, presented at the International Conference for
Nanomaterials Synthesis and Characterization (INSC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2011.
[21] M. Imran, R. A. Rahman, and I. S. Amiri, Fabrication of Diffractive Optical Element using Direct Writing CO2 Laser Irradiation, in
Faculty of Science Postgraduate Conference (FSPGC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2010
[22] S. Saktioto, S. Daud, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, and P. P. Yupapin, FBG sensing system for outdoor temperature measurement,
presented at the ICEM, Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[23] A. Shahidinejad, A. Nikoukar, I. S. Amiri, M. Ranjbar, A. Shojaei, J. Ali, and P. Yupapin, Network system engineering by
controlling the chaotic signals using silicon micro ring resonator, in Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE)
Conference, Malaysia, 2012, 765-769.
[24] J. Ali, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, A. Afroozeh, M. Kouhnavard, and P. Yupapin, Novel system of fast and slow light generation using
micro and nano ring resonators, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[25] I. S. Amiri, G. Vahedi, A. Shojaei, A. Nikoukar, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Secured Transportation of Quantum Codes Using
Integrated PANDA-Add/drop and TDMA Systems, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 1(5).
2012.
[26] M. Kouhnavard, A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, New system of Chaotic Signal Generation Using
MRR, presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
5. Nonlinear Chaotic Signals Generation and Transmission Within an Optical Fiber Communication
www.iosrjournals.org 56 | Page
[27] I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, and M. Bahadoran, Simulation and Analysis of Multisoliton Generation Using a PANDA Ring Resonator
System, Chinese Physics Letters, 28, 2011, 104205.
[28] I. S. Amiri, A. Nikoukar, A. Shahidinejad, M. Ranjbar, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Generation of Quantum Photon Information Using
Extremely Narrow Optical Tweezers for Computer Network Communication, GSTF Journal on Computing (joc), 2(1), 2012.
[29] A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. Kouhnavard, M. Bahadoran, M. A. Jalil, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Dark and Bright Soliton trapping
using NMRR, presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[30] J. Ali, A. Mohamad, I. Nawi, I. S. Amiri, M. Jalil, A. Afroozeh, and P. Yupapin, Stopping a dark soliton pulse within an NNRR,
presented at the AMN-APLOC International Conference, Wuhan, China 2010.
[31] S. Saktioto, S. Daud, J. Ali, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, and P. P. Yupapin, FBG simulation and experimental temperature measurement,
presented at the ICEM, Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[32] I. S. Amiri, M. H. Khanmirzaei, M. Kouhnavard, and S. Mitatha, Quantum cryptography via a wavelength router for internet security,
Piers Proceeding, Cambridge, 2010.
[33] I. S. Amiri, M. Nikmaram, A. Shahidinejad, and J. Ali, Cryptography Scheme of an Optical Switching System Using Pico/Femto
Second Soliton Pulse, International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), 5(1), 2012, 176-184.
[34] I. S. Amiri, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Enhancement of FSR and Finesse Using Add/Drop Filter and PANDA Ring Resonator
Systems, International Journal of Modern Physics B, 26(04), 2012.
[35] I. S. Amiri, S. Babakhani, G. Vahedi, J. Ali, and P. Yupapin, Dark-Bright Solitons Conversion System for Secured and Long
Distance Optical Communication, IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP), 2(1), 2012, 43-48.
[36] A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. Kouhnavard, M. Bahadoran, M. A. Jalil, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Optical Memory Time using Multi
Bright Soliton, presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[37] J. Ali, I. S. Amiri, M. Jalil, M. Kouhnavard, A. Afroozeh, I. Naim, and P. Yupapin, Narrow UV pulse generation using MRR and
NRR system, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[38] J. Ali, M. Kouhnavard, A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, and P. P. Yupapin, Optical bistability in a FORR, presented at the
ICEM, Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[39] A. A. Shojaei and I. S. Amiri, Soliton for Radio wave generation, presented at the International Conference for Nanomaterials
Synthesis and Characterization (INSC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2011.
[40] I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Generation Of Quantum Codes Using Up And Down Link Optical Solition,
Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and Engineering), 55, 2012, 97-106.
[41] J. Ali, M. Kouhnavard, M. A. Jalil, and I. S. Amiri, Quantum signal processing via an optical potential well, presented at the
Nanotech Malaysia, International Conference on Enabling Science & Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2010.
[42] I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, A. Afroozeh, M. Kouhnavard , J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Controlling Center Wavelength and Free Spectrum
Range by MRR Radii, in Faculty of Science Postgraduate Conference (FSPGC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2010.
[43] J. Ali, A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, and P. P. Yupapin, Dark and Bright Soliton trapping using NMRR, presented at the
ICEM, Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[44] I. S. Amiri, A. Nikoukar, G. Vahedi, A. Shojaei, J. Ali, and P. Yupapin, Frequency-Wavelength Trapping by Integrated Ring
Resonators For Secured Network and Communication Systems, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT), 1(5), 2012.
[45] J. Ali, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, and P. P. Yupapin, Dark-bright solitons conversion system via an add/drop filter for signal security
application, presented at the ICEM, Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[46] I. S. Amiri, A. Shahidinejad, A. Nikoukar, M. Ranjbar, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Digital Binary Codes Transmission via TDMA
Networks Communication System Using Dark and Bright Optical Soliton, GSTF Journal on Computing (joc), 2(1), 2012.
[47] J. Ali, M. Roslan, M. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, I. Nawi, and P. Yupapin, DWDM enhancement in micro and nano waveguide,
presented at the AMN-APLOC International Conference, Wuhan, China, 2010.
[48] I. S. Amiri, K. Raman, A. Afroozeh, M. A. Jalil, I. N. Nawi, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Generation of DSA for security application,
Procedia Engineering, 8, 2011, 360-365.
[49] A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, M. Kouhnavard, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Multi Soliton Generation for Enhance Optical
Communication, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 83, 2011, 136-140.
[50] J. Ali, I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, M. Kouhnavard, M. Jalil, and P. Yupapin, Simultaneous dark and bright soliton trapping using
nonlinear MRR and NRR, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Malaysia, 2010.
[51] J. Ali, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, F. K. Mohamad, and P. P. Yupapin, Optical dark and bright soliton generation and amplification,
presented at the Nanotech Malaysia, International Conference on Enabling Science & Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[52] I. S. Amiri, M. H. Khanmirzaei, M. Kouhnavard, P. P. Yupapin, and J. Ali, Quantum Entanglement using Multi Dark Soliton
Correlation for Multivariable Quantum Router, in Quantum Entanglement, A. M. Moran, Ed., New York: Nova Science Publisher,
2012.
[53] A. Nikoukar, I. S. Amiri, and J. Ali, Secured Binary Codes Generation for Computer Network Communication, presented at the
Network Technologies & Communications (NTC) Conference, Singapore, 2010-2011.
[54] C. Tanaram, C. Teeka, R. Jomtarak, P. P. Yupapin, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, and J. Ali, ASK-to-PSK generation based on nonlinear
microring resonators coupled to one MZI arm, Procedia Engineering, 8, 2011, 432-435.
[55] A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, A. Samavati, J. Ali, and P. Yupapin, THz frequency generation using MRRs for THz imaging, in Enabling
Science and Nanotechnology (ESciNano) Conference, Malaysia, 2012, 1-2.
[56] J. Ali, I. S. Amiri, A. Jalil, A. Kouhnavard, B. Mitatha, and P. Yupapin, Quantum internet via a quantum processor, presented at the
International Conference on Photonics (ICP 2010), Langkawi, Malaysia 2010.
[57] I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, I. N. Nawi, M. A. Jalil, A. Mohamad, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Dark Soliton Array for communication
security, Procedia Engineering, 8, 2011, 417-422.
[58] N. J. Ridha, F. K. Mohamad, I. S. Amiri, Saktioto, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Soliton Signals and The Effect of Coupling Coefficient
in MRR Systems, presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[59] N. Suwanpayak, S. Songmuang, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, I. Naim, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Tunable and storage potential wells using
microring resonator system for bio-cell trapping and delivery, in Enabling Science and Nanotechnology (ESciNano) Conference,
2010, 289-291.
[60] J. Ali, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, A. Afroozeh, M. Kouhnavard, and P. P. Yupapin, Multi-soliton generation and storage for nano optical
network using nano ring resonators, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
2010.
[61] J. Ali, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, and P. P. Yupapin, Effects of MRR parameter on the bifurcation behavior, presented at the Nanotech
Malaysia, International Conference on Enabling Science & Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2010.
6. Nonlinear Chaotic Signals Generation and Transmission Within an Optical Fiber Communication
www.iosrjournals.org 57 | Page
[62] I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, F. K. Mohamad, N. J. Ridha, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Storage of Optical Soliton Wavelengths Using
NMRR, presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[63] M. Bahadoran, I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Analytical Vernier Effect for Silicon Panda Ring Resonator,
presented at the National Science Postgraduate Conference, NSPC, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2011.
[64] A. Afroozeh, M. Kouhnavard, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Effect of Center Wavelength on MRR Performance,
in Faculty of Science Postgraduate Conference (FSPGC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2010.
[65] J. Ali, K. Raman, M. Kouhnavard, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, A. Afroozeh, and P. P. Yupapin, Dark soliton array for communication
security, presented at the AMN-APLOC International Conference, Wuhan, China, 2011.
[66] M. Kouhnavard, A. Afroozeh, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Soliton Signals and the Effect of Coupling
Coefficient in MRR Systems, in Faculty of Science Postgraduate Conference (FSPGC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2010.
[67] C. Teeka, S. Songmuang, R. Jomtarak, P. P. Yupapin, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, and J. Ali, ASK to PSK Generation based on Nonlinear
Microring Resonators Coupled to One MZI Arm, in International Conference on Enabling Science and Nanotechnology, EsciNano,
2011, 221-223.
[68] J. Ali, I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, M. Hamdi, F. K. Mohamad, N. J. Ridha, and P. P. Yupapin, Proposed molecule transporter system for
qubits generation, presented at the Nanotech Malaysia, International Conference on Enabling Science & Technology, Malaysia 2010.
[69] J. Ali, M. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, M. Kouhnavard, I. Naim, and P. Yupapin, Multi-wavelength narrow pulse generation using
MRR, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[70] I. S. Amiri, M. A. Jalil, F. K. Mohamad, N. J. Ridha, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Storage of Atom/Molecules/Photon using Optical
Potential Wells, presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[71] J. Ali, M. Kouhnavard, I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, M. A. Jalil, I. Naim, and P. P. Yupapin, Localization of soliton pulse using nano-
waveguide, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[72] I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, M. Bahadoran, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Up and Down Link of Soliton for Network Communication,
presented at the National Science Postgraduate Conference, NSPC, Malaysia, 2011.
[73] D. Gifany, I. S. Amiri, M. Ranjbar, and J. Ali, Logic Codes Generation and Transmission Using an Encoding-Decoding System,
International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), 5(2), 2013, 37-45
[74] I. S. Amiri, A. Nikoukar, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Ultra-Short of Pico and Femtosecond Soliton Laser Pulse Using Microring
Resonator for Cancer Cells Treatment, Quantum Matter, 1(2), 2012, 159-165.
[75] J. Ali, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, and P. P. Yupapin, Fast and slow lights via an add/drop device, presented at the ICEM, Legend Hotel,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[76] J. Ali, A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. Hamdi, M. Jalil, M. Kouhnavard, and P. Yupapin, Entangled photon generation and recovery via
MRR, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[77] A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. Kouhnavard, M. Jalil, J. Ali, and P. Yupapin, Optical dark and bright soliton generation and
amplification, in Enabling Science and Nanotechnology (ESciNano) Conference, Malaysia, 2010, 259-263.
[78] J. Ali, M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, A. Afroozeh, M. Kouhnavard, and P. P. Yupapin, Generation of tunable dynamic tweezers using dark-
bright collision, presented at the ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[79] J. Ali, M. Aziz, I. S. Amiri, M. Jalil, A. Afroozeh, I. Nawi, and P. Yupapin, Soliton wavelength division in MRR and NRR Systems,
presented at the AMN-APLOC International Conference, Wuhan, China 2010.
[80] A. Afroozeh, M. Bahadoran, I. S. Amiri, A. R. Samavati, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Fast Light Generation Using Microring
Resonators for Optical Communication, presented at the National Science Postgraduate Conference NSPC, Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, 2011.
[81] J. Ali, H. Nur, S. Lee, A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. Jalil, A. Mohamad, and P. Yupapin, Short and millimeter optical soliton
generation using dark and bright soliton, presented at the AMN-APLOC International Conference, Wuhan, China, 2010.
[82] F. K. Mohamad, N. J. Ridha, I. S. Amiri, J. A. Saktioto, and P. P. Yupapin, Effect of Center Wavelength on MRR Performance,
presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[83] J. Ali, A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. Jalil, and P. Yupapin, Wide and narrow signal generation using chaotic wave, presented at the
Nanotech Malaysia, International Conference on Enabling Science & Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[84] F. K. Mohamad, N. J. Ridha, I. S. Amiri, J. A. Saktioto, and P. P. Yupapin, Finesse Improvements of Light Pulses within MRR
System, presented at the International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[85] S. Saktioto, M. Hamdi, I. S. Amiri, and J. Ali, Transition of diatomic molecular oscillator process in THz region, presented at the
International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM), Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[86] A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, M. Bahadoran, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Simulation of Soliton Amplification in Micro Ring Resonator for
Optical Communication, Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and Engineering), 55, 2012, 271-277.
[87] I. S. Amiri, G. Vahedi, A. Nikoukar, A. Shojaei, J. Ali, and P. Yupapin, Decimal Convertor Application for Optical Wireless
Communication by Generating of Dark and Bright Signals of soliton, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT), 1(5), 2012.
[88] A. Nikoukar, I. S. Amiri, A. Shahidinejad, A. Shojaei, J. Ali, and P. Yupapin, MRR quantum dense coding for optical wireless
communication system using decimal convertor, in Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE) Conference, Malaysia,
2012, 770-774.
[89] A. Afroozeh, I. S. Amiri, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, Determination Of FWHM For Solition Trapping, Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and
Engineering), 55, 2012, 77-83.
[90] M. A. Jalil, I. S. Amiri, C. Teeka, J. Ali, and P. P. Yupapin, All-optical Logic XOR/XNOR Gate Operation using Microring and
Nanoring Resonators, Global Journal of Physics Express, 1(1), 2011, 15-22.
[91] I. S. Amiri, A. Nikoukar, and J. Ali, Quantum Information Generation Using Optical Potential Well, presented at the Network
Technologies & Communications (NTC) Conference, Singapore, 2010-2011.
[92] S. Saktioto, J. Ali, M. Hamdi, and I. S. Amiri, Calculation and prediction of blood plasma glucose concentration, presented at the
ICAMN, International Conference, Prince Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[93] J. Ali, C. Teeka, R. Jomtarak, P. Yupapin, M. Jalil, and I. Amiri, ASK-to-PSK generation based on nonlinear microring resonators
coupled to one MZI arm, presented at the Nanotech Malaysia, International Conference on Enabling Science & Technology, Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia, 2010.
[94] S. Saktioto, M. A. A. Fadhali, J. Ali, H. Shah, P. P. Yupapin, and I. S. Amiri, Power transient of time evolution for dynamic fusion
fiber coupling monitoring, Optik, 2010.
[95] C. Teeka, S. Songmuang, R. Jomtarak, P. Yupapin, M. Jalil, I. Amiri, and J. Ali, ASK-to-PSK Generation based on Nonlinear
Microring Resonators Coupled to One MZI Arm, in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2011, 221-223.