Hydrology is the study of water's occurrence, circulation, distribution, and movement on Earth, focusing on data collection, analysis, and prediction related to water systems. Engineering hydrology applies scientific and mathematical principles to address water-related societal issues, including flood control, irrigation design, and water supply management. Hydrology plays a crucial role in the design and operation of various civil engineering projects by informing the necessary assessments and strategies for effective water resource management.

1. Noman khan 1

3. HYDROLOGYHYDROLOGY
Hydrology is the science of water
.of the earth and atmosphere
:It deals with
• Occurrence
• Circulation
• Distribution and
• Movements of these waters over the
globe

4. MAJOR ASPECTS OFMAJOR ASPECTS OF
HYDROLOGYHYDROLOGY
The main jobs of a
hydrologist are
• Collection of data
• Analysis of data
• prediction

6. COLLECTION OFCOLLECTION OF DATADATA
• Rainfall Data
• Snowfall and Snowmelt Data
• (Runoff Data Catchment Runoff and
)Stream Flows
• ,Topographic Maps Satellite
,Imageries and
• Groundwater Data

7. ANALYSIS OF DATANALYSIS OF DATA
Analysis of hydrologic data
includes
• Checking the data for
 Consistency and
 Homogeneity
• Finding of various statistical
parameters

8. PREDICTIONPREDICTION
Observations of hydrologic processes
are used to make prediction of the
future behavior of hydrologic
( , ).systems water flow water quality
One of the major current concerns
"in hydrologic research is Prediction
" ( ), . .in Ungauged Basins PUB i e in
basins where no or only very few
.data exist

9. ENGINEERINGENGINEERING
HYDROLOGYHYDROLOGY

10. ENGINEERINGENGINEERING
HYDROLOGYHYDROLOGY
:-Engineering Hydrology deals with
• Estimation and analysis of water
resources
• The study of processes such as
, ,precipitation runoff
…evapotranspiration
• The study of hydrologic problems
,such as floods and droughts and
.strategies to combat them

12. Applications ofApplications of
EngineeringEngineering HydrologyHydrology
• In hydrology we apply scientificIn hydrology we apply scientific
knowledge and mathematicalknowledge and mathematical
-principles to solve water related-principles to solve water related
:problems in society problems of:problems in society problems of
, .quantity quality and availability, .quantity quality and availability
Mathematical modelsMathematical models
of all Hydrologicalof all Hydrological
phenomena are madephenomena are made

13. • They may be concerned with
finding water supplies for cities or
,irrigated farms or controlling river
. ,flooding or soil erosion Or they
may work in environmental
:protection preventing or cleaning
up pollution or locating sites for
safe disposal of hazardous
wastes

15. &SES APPLICATIONS&SES APPLICATIONS
• Hydrology is used to find out maximum
. .probable flood at proposed sites e g
Dams
• The variation of water production from
catchments can be calculated and
described by hydrology
• Engineering hydrology enables us to
find out the relationship between a
’catchment s surface water and
groundwater resources
• The expected flood flows over a

16. • Designing irrigation schemes and managing
agricultural productivity
• -Combating the menace of water logging
and salinity in irrigated areas
• It helps us to know the required reservoir
capacity to assure adequate water for
irrigation or municipal water supply in
droughts condition
• Hydrology is used for city water supply design
,which is based on catchments area amount of
, , ,rainfall dry period storage capacity runoff
evaporation and transpiration
…Cont…Cont

17. • Predicting relationship between
characteristics of a basin and rate of flow
• Probability of occurrence of floods and
droughts
• Water availability into the reservoir from
the basin
• Determining the water balance of aDetermining the water balance of a
regionregion
• Determining the agricultural water balanceDetermining the agricultural water balance
• Designing riparian restoration projectsDesigning riparian restoration projects
• ( . .It tells us what hydrologic hardware e g
, )rain gauges stream gauges etc and
( )software computer models are needed
-for real time flood forecasting
…Cont…Cont

18. Global water balanceGlobal water balance

21. Importance ofImportance of Hydrology inHydrology in
CivilCivil EngineeringEngineering
• It has an important role in design
and operation of water resources
engineering projects like
Irrigation
Flood control
Water supply schemes
Hydropower projects
Navigation
21
These CivilThese Civil
EngineeringEngineering
projects mayprojects may
fail due tofail due to
improperimproper
AssessmentAssessment
ofof
HydrologicHydrologic
AspectAspect

23. SCOPESCOPE
• ,Essential for analysis design and
operation of any hydraulic
structure which retains or conveys
(water from the simplest culvert to
,the largest complex of dams
,hydroelectric works barrages and
)irrigation structures
• Designer needs magnitude of
stream flow and their probability
of occurrence not only for design
of hydraulic structures but also for
flood control

24. ...,Cont...,Cont
• , ,Dam construction reservoir capacity, ,Dam construction reservoir capacity
,spillway capacity sizes of water supply,spillway capacity sizes of water supply
pipelines and affect of afforest on waterpipelines and affect of afforest on water
,supply schemes all are designed on,supply schemes all are designed on
basis of hydrological equationsbasis of hydrological equations
• Hydrology is an indispensable tool in
designing and building hydraulic
structures
• Designing dams for water supply or
hydroelectric power generation
• Designing bridges
• Designing sewers and urban drainage
system

25. • Effect of rainfall occurring in
basin on the magnitude of flow in
-streams and predict rainfall runoff
relationship of the basin and
probability of its occurrence
• ,Effect of reservoir levees and
other control works on flood flows
in stream
• Assessment of reasonable
boundaries of floodplain
...,Cont...,Cont

26. • Predicting geomorphologic
, ,changes such as erosion or
sedimentation
• Assessing the impact of natural
and anthropogenic environmental
change
• Assessing containment transport
risk and establishing
environmental policy guidelines
• ,Mitigation and predicting floods
landslides and drought risk
…,Cont…,Cont