The document discusses hybrid vehicle technology. It defines a hybrid vehicle as any vehicle that combines two or more power sources, such as gasoline-electric. There are two main types of hybrid structures: parallel hybrids, where the gasoline engine and batteries can power the transmission simultaneously, and series hybrids, where the gasoline engine charges a generator that powers the electric motor and transmission. Hybrid vehicles offer advantages like increased fuel efficiency and reduced emissions compared to gas-only vehicles, though they may be more expensive and require higher maintenance.

1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
HYBRID CAR TECHNOLOGY

2. 2
WHAT IS A HYBRID VEHICLE?
Any vehicle which combines two or more
sources of power.
Examples:
Diesel – electric
Nuclear – electric
Gasoline - electric

3. HYBRID STRUCTURE
The two power sources found in hybrid
vehicles may be combined in different
ways, either in parallel or series

4. 4
PARALLEL HYBRID
• Gasoline motor
• Batteries which powers
an electric motor
• Both can power the
transmission at the
same time
• Electric motor
supplements the
gasoline engine

5. 5
SERIES HYBRID
• Gasoline motor turns a
generator
• Generator may either
charge the batteries or
power an electric motor
that drives the
transmission
• At low speeds is
powered only by the
electric motor

6. 6
COMMON MEANS OF
IDENTIFICATION

7. Motives for Hybrid Vehicles
• Overcome energy storage (range) and
power (fuel rate) problems.
• Good designs yield double the fuel
economy.
• In principle, it might be possible to triple
the fuel economy.
• The overall efficiency is similar to thermal
electric power plants.
• Exhaust emission management is
simplified.

8. ADVANTAGES OF HYBRID CAR
* ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY:- RUNS ON TWIN
POWERED ENGINE THAT CUTS FUEL CONSUMPTION AND
CONSERVE ENERGY.
*LESS DEPENDENCE ON FOSSIL FUELS:-IT IS MUCH
CLEANER AND REQUIRES LESS FUEL TO RUN.
*BUILT FROM LIGHT MATERIALS:- MADE UP OF LIGHT
MATERIALS WHICH MEANS LESS ENERGY.
*REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM:- EACH TIME YOU
APPLY BRAKE WHILE DRIVING HELPS YOU TO RECHARGE
YOUR BATTERY A LITTLE.

9. DISADVANTAGES
*LESS POWER
*CAN BE EXPENSIVE
*POORER HANDLING
*HIGHER MAINTENANCE COSTS

12. PRESENTED BY
AVINASH SHUKLA

13. THANK YOU