This is a packaged clean steam generator ready for use after connection of utilities. The unit produces clean steam using a purified feedwater source and plant steam.
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Eliminate cavitation at high temperatures. Manage a higher load during cold starts. Dependable pumps to handle hotter water. Higher pressure at lower motor speeds. No mechanical seals below water line.
KING-GAGE® Systems are designed and manufactured by King Engineering as application specific solutions for level measurement and inventory tank gauging. Our company furnishes components for new installations, upgrades, and retrofit applications on storage or processing vessels, including electronic pressure transmitters and sanitary level sensors to meet 3-A standards for clean-in-place applications. We provide graphic tank level indicators, digital processors, and operator interfaces in both single and multiple tank configurations supporting industrial protocols for PLC and/or LAN interfaces to simplify process control integration.
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This is a packaged clean steam generator ready for use after connection of utilities. The unit produces clean steam using a purified feedwater source and plant steam.
Roth Pump standard steam condensate pump stations are the most popular and meet most water applications. These units will deliver hot water at temperatures up to 200˚F (93˚C) and will not vapor bind at 210˚F (98˚C). Receiver capacities from 8 (30 liters) to 50 gallons (189 liters) can be supplied on these standard condensate pump units.
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SPX Flow, under the Pneumatic Products brand, manufactures single and twin tower desiccant dryers designed to remove water vapor from natural gas. The skid mounted units also include particulate and coalescing filters that capture solid contaminants to a submicron level.
Pneumatic Products BAP desiccant dryer purifiers are designed to provide a continuous supply of clean, safe breathing air from your existing compressed air system.
Industrial process control often requires the measurement of liquid inventory volume or mass. If the material is contained within a tank of known shape and dimensions, the volume can be determined accurately by measuring the level of the liquid. Various means are used to determine the liquid level. One of the simplest is the downpipe sensor, sometimes referred to as a "bubbler". King-Gage is manufacturer of industrial downpipe liquid level measuring devices. The slides provide graphic depictions of how the systems function and provide an overview of several product configurations.
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The CA Station measures the total and static pressure components of airflow. The combination and dispersion of total and static pressure sensing ports minimizes the effect of directional airflow, and the addition of the honeycomb airflow processing cell makes the CA Station extremely effective at accurately measuring airflow in limited straight duct runs.
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Learn more: https://prker.co/RailHose
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Overview of the Vortex Flow Meter product range from Badger Meter including technical data. This presentation also explains vortex shedding technology.
One of the most widely used methods of monitoring and controlling liquid level in a tank is the use of Bubble Tubes with Pressure or Differential Pressure Transmitters. A small but uninterrupted flow of air or inert gas is forced down through a dip tube which extends to near the bottom of the tank. The back pressure of the introduced gas is a function of the liquid level or head in the tank.
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Industry needs muscle to control process valves, dampers and feed mechanisms accurately and in response to a demand signal. Emerson’s Rosemount Analytical pneumatic power positioners have been satisfying these exacting control requirements for many years in countless applications – from steel mills to refineries – where positioning speed and accuracy are taken for granted.
White paper provides description of function and application of current to pneumatic (I/P) transducers, along with operational diagrams and recommended practices.
The primary function of a utility boiler is to convert water into steam to be used by a steam turbine/ generator in producing electricity. The boiler consists of a furnace, where air and fuel are combined and burned to produce combustion gases, and a feedwater tube system, the contents of which are heated by these gases.
Stall can most easily be defined as a condition in which heat transfer equipment is unable to drain condensate and becomes flooded due to insufficient system pressure.
What causes stall?
Stall occurs primarily in heat transfer equipment where the steam pressure is modulated to obtain a desired output (i.e. product temperature). The pressure range of any such equipment ( coils, shell & tube, etc....) can be segmented into two (2) distinct operational modes: Operating and Stall
Operating: In the upper section of the pressure range the operating pressure (OP) of the equipment is greater than the back pressure (BP) present at the discharge of the steam trap. Therefore a positive pressure differential across the trap exists allowing for condensate to flow from the equipment to the condensate return line.
Stall: In the lower section of the pressure range the operating pressure (OP) of the equipment is less than or equal to the back pressure (BP) present at the discharge of the steam trap. Therefore a negative or no pressure differential exists, this does not allow condensate to be discharged to the return line and the condensate begins to collect and flood the equipment.
For many years, Parker’s rail hoses have been supporting all of the relevant applications within different types of railway trains and vehicles. The following selection guide is based on successful customer application experiences.
Learn more: https://prker.co/RailHose
Brooks Instrument manufactures an array of flow, pressure, vacuum and level products for dozens of industries from pharmaceuticals, oil and gas, fuel cell research and chemicals, to medical devices, analytical instrumentation, semiconductor manufacturing.
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Overview of the Vortex Flow Meter product range from Badger Meter including technical data. This presentation also explains vortex shedding technology.
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AJA ATC-2200-UHV deposition system sputtering system system in San Jose CAEmily Tan
AJA ATC-2200-UHV deposition system sputtering system system in San Jose CA. Great condition. We sell it at AS IS,WHERE IS. Subject to prior sale. Appreciate your time.
Industry needs muscle to control process valves, dampers and feed mechanisms accurately and in response to a demand signal. Emerson’s Rosemount Analytical pneumatic power positioners have been satisfying these exacting control requirements for many years in countless applications – from steel mills to refineries – where positioning speed and accuracy are taken for granted.
White paper provides description of function and application of current to pneumatic (I/P) transducers, along with operational diagrams and recommended practices.
The primary function of a utility boiler is to convert water into steam to be used by a steam turbine/ generator in producing electricity. The boiler consists of a furnace, where air and fuel are combined and burned to produce combustion gases, and a feedwater tube system, the contents of which are heated by these gases.
Stall can most easily be defined as a condition in which heat transfer equipment is unable to drain condensate and becomes flooded due to insufficient system pressure.
What causes stall?
Stall occurs primarily in heat transfer equipment where the steam pressure is modulated to obtain a desired output (i.e. product temperature). The pressure range of any such equipment ( coils, shell & tube, etc....) can be segmented into two (2) distinct operational modes: Operating and Stall
Operating: In the upper section of the pressure range the operating pressure (OP) of the equipment is greater than the back pressure (BP) present at the discharge of the steam trap. Therefore a positive pressure differential across the trap exists allowing for condensate to flow from the equipment to the condensate return line.
Stall: In the lower section of the pressure range the operating pressure (OP) of the equipment is less than or equal to the back pressure (BP) present at the discharge of the steam trap. Therefore a negative or no pressure differential exists, this does not allow condensate to be discharged to the return line and the condensate begins to collect and flood the equipment.
Axair Fans UK Limited has developed a series of CIBSE accredited courses including A guide to fume extraction systems and components. The CPD topics cover fan selection, specification standards, methods of control and fan installation. Contact us for more information or to book an exclusive webinar
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
1.Refrigeration System
Two types of valves are used on machine air conditioning systems:
Internally-equalized valve - most common
Externally-equalized valve special control
Internally-Equalized Expansion Valve
The refrigerant enters the inlet and screen as a high-pressure liquid. The refrigerant flow is restricted by a metered orifice through which it must pass.
As the refrigerant passes through this orifice, it changes from a high-pressure liquid to a low-pressure liquid (or passes from the
high side to the low side of the system).
Let's review briefly what happens to the refrigerant as we change its pressure.
As a high-pressure liquid, the boiling point of the refrigerant has been raised in direct proportion to its pressure. This has concentrated its heat content into a small area, raising the temperature of the refrigerant higher than that of the air passing over the condenser. This heat will then transfer from the warmer refrigerant to the cooler air, which condenses the refrigerant to a liquid.
The heat transferred into the air is called latent heat of condensation. Four pounds (1.8 kg) of refrigerant flowing per minute through the orifice will result in 12,000 Btu (12.7 MJ) per hour transferred, which is designated a one-ton unit. Six pounds (2.7 kg) of flow per minute will result in 18,000 Btu (19.0 MJ) per hour, or a one and one-half ton unit.
Valve details
The refrigerant flow through the metered orifice is extremely important, anything restricting the flow will affect the entire system.
If the area cooled by the evaporator suddenly gets colder, the heat transfer requirements change. If the expansion valve continued to feed the same amount of refrigerant to the evaporator, the fins and coils would get colder until they eventually freeze over with ice and the air flow is stopped.
A thermal bulb has a small line filled with C02 is attached to the evaporator tailpipe. If the temperature on the tail pipe raises, the gas will expand and cause pressure against the diaphragm. This expansion will then move the seat away from the orifice,
Permissible temperature range for both shell & tube sides - 40 C to 150 C
0 Maximum permissible temperature difference between shell & tube sides 120 C
All sizes & models are suitable for full vacuum on both side. Maximum limiting pressures are
tabulated.
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AUTOMATIC FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM -WATER SPRINKLER SYSTEM
WATER MIST SYSTEM
FOAM SYSTEM
GAS SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
Parker Balston is a division of Parker Hannifin, world’s leading diversified manufacturer of motion and control technologies and systems. Balston manufacturers industrial filters and filtration technology, replacement filter elements, compressed air dryers, nitrogen generators, and compressed air microbial detection.
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hvac refragration Pipes size and table
1. Max measured length is 200', max equivalent length is 250'
Liquid Lines
Velocity
This should be between 100 fpm and 400 fpm for either R-
410A or R-22.Exceeding 400 fpm is acceptable, but may lead
to refrigerant noise issues. 5 ton units using 3/8" lines will be
405 fpm for R-22 or 483 fpm for R-410A. While acceptable,
the possibility of noise must be understood and explained to
the owner Avoid placing lines inside walls or directly above
sleeping areas whenever possible
Pressure Drop
This can be no more than 35 psi for R-22 or 60 psi for R-
410A. Exceeding those parameters is NOT ALLOWED as it
would cause a loss of subcooling which leads to capacity loss
and/or failed components. If a HP system has both vertical
rise and vertical drop in the liquid line, enter the NET value
as a rise. In an A/C system enter the net rise OR net drop as
appropriate.
Suction Lines
Velocity
This should be between 1000 fpm and 3000 fpm for either R-
410A or R-22. Less than 1000 fpm on vertical risers may not
allow oil to be returned to the compressor and exceeding
3000 fpm will cause noise and vibration problems. Velocity
on horizontal runs is allowed to be as low as 800 fpm.
Pressure Drop
This should be no more than 3 psi for R-22 or 5 psi for R-
410A Exceeding these values is not recommended but is
allowed. However it results in capacity loss at a rate of 1%
for every psi on R-22 and .7% for every psi on R-410A
Long Line Sets
A long line set is defined as exceeding 75 Feet in length and
MUST include a:
1. crankcase heater if one is not factory installed.
2. normally closed solenoid valve installed in the liquid line
near the condensing unit.
3. Non Bleed TXV (standard requirement on most units at
13 SEER and higher).
4. hard start kit (single phase units only).
5. Install Schrader access valves at the indoor unit for both
the suction and liquid lines. These are optional, but
recommended to aid in troubleshooting pressure drops,
subcooling and TXV operation
Using Receivers to overcome loss of subcooling
When using a receiver it must be understood that subcooling
measurements cannot be attempted in the field as the receiver contents
are in a saturated state. No hydrolic or hydorstatic seal exists so
subcooling cannot be measured. A sight glass between the receiver and
TXV must be used to charge the system by adding refrigerant until
bubbles are gone, then adding 1/2 the pump down capacity of the
receiver. Use of receivers is not supported by the factory because the
application typically does not fall within their published guidelines.
NOTES:
1. If on a long line set the liquid line will be exposed to direct
sunlight, or very high ambient conditions, it should be
insulated
2. If the unit contains a rotary compressor the MAXIMUM
line length is 100'
3. If more than 5 feet of underground piping is installed on a
cooling only system, install an accumulator with volume
equal to 1/2 the system's refrigerant volume.
4. If a long line set application uses a two stage system,
meaning a single refrigerant circuit with either two
compressors or a single compressor that reduces capacity,
consider decreasing the vertical suction riser (if one exists)
by one line size.
5. Noise from lines running through basements and/or attics
can often be avoided by adhearing to the velocity
guidelines and taking care use non metalic hangers such as
mesh strap which insulates the refrigerant lines from the
joists. Overcharging will also contribute to noise.
Discharge or vapor line mufflers can eliminate harmonic
noises sometimes encountered in otherwise properly sized
and charged systems.
6. For addtional information consult the most recent
Application Guidlines for Refrigeration Piping as
published by UPG. If your application exceeds
theseparameters, you must contact Jack Bartell or the
factory for assistance
REMEMBER: With 2 stage units you must look at the suction line
velocity at reduced capacity to insure velocity remains above 1000fpm
on suction risers. If it does not, reducing the riser size by one size will
correct the problem
1. Slope horizontal suction lines on cooling only systems approximately
1 inch every 20 feet toward the outdoor unit to facilitate proper oil
return. Since the flow of refrigerant is bidirectional on heat pumps,
all horizontal vapor lines should be level. Pre-charged lines with
excess tubing should be coiled horizontally in an inconspicuous
location to avoid oil trapping. Never coil excess tubing vertically.
2. Use long radius elbows wherever possible
3. Use PVC piping as a conduit for all underground installations.See
Figure 2. Buried lines must be kept as short as possible to minimize
the build up of liquid refrigerant in the vapor line during long
periods of shutdown.
TRAPS
Traps are not required if the piping is properly sized.
Traps will only add pressure drop to the system, further
reducing capacity
INDOOR UNIT ABOVE OUTDOOR UNIT
a common problem with the cooling cycle (air conditioning or heat
pump) is that the amount of liquid sub-cooling varies as operating
conditions change (such as outdoor ambient). Under some conditions, it
is possible that flashing will actually occur in the liquid riser. As long as
only liquid is present in the liquid riser, the liquid static pressure loss
can be calculated at 1/2 psi per foot of rise. However, as soon as flashing
starts, the rate of pressure loss increases and continues to increase as
the amount of gas increases. For this reason, the restrictions on
elevation differences for this configuration must be based on
the entire range of operating conditions. When the indoor
unit is above the outdoor unit, the pressure loss in the liquid
line during the cooling cycle will limit the amount of elevation
difference allowed. Since both friction and static head
contribute to pressure loss, it can be stated that the elevation
difference allowed decreases as the total equivalent line
length (horizontal plus vertical) increases.
OUTDOOR UNIT ABOVE INDOOR UNIT
When the outdoor unit is above the indoor unit, the static pressure
gain in the liquid line vertical drop (1/2 psi per foot) may overcome the
frictional pressure loss resulting in a total pressure gain. A pressure
gain in the liquid line is not detrimental to the performance of the
system. On cooling only systems where the outdoor unit is located high
above the indoor coil, it may even be possible to reduce the size of the
liquid line. The static gain in the vertical drop will offset the increased
friction loss caused by smaller tubing. In addition, the reduction in the
total system charge due to the smaller liquid line will enhance the
reliability of the system. With this configuration, gas velocity in the
vapor riser must be kept above 1000 feet per minute for proper oil
return and below 3000 feet per minute to avoid noise and vibration
problems.