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Hubble Telescope
- 1. A SEMINAR ON HUBBLESPACE TELESCOPE PRESENTED BY: HARI OM ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION REG NO-030907133 SECTION-C ROLL NO.– 123
- 2. CONTENTS • Overview • Spacecraft System • Operation • Parts • Outer structure • Pointing control system • Optical assembly • Scientific instruments • Colours & filters • Application fields • Features • Limitations • Conclusion • References
- 3. OVERVIEW • Hubble—a spacetelescope • 600km above earth • Excellent pointing precision,powerful optics,state of the art instruments • Designed -1970s & launched-1990 • Moduler design • Goal—knowledge of our cosmic roots
- 4. SPACECRAFT SYSTEM • POWER •COMMUNICATIONS • STEERING-To remain fixed on an object HST has three onboard systems: • Gyroscopes-Sense small to large motions • Reaction Wheels-Move the telescope • FGS-Sense fine motion • COMPUTING • STRUCTURE
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- 6. INTERNAL OPERATION • Electroniceyes • Cameras--collect light with electronic detectors • Spectrographs—separate starlight into rainbow of colours • Mirrors to focus & magnify light
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- 8. OUTER STRUCTURE • Solararrays(2)—12m in length,2400 watts • Communication antennae(2)—transmit information to TDRSS • Computer support systems module—for communications,navigation,power management,etc. • Electronic boxes—houses much of the electronics • Aperture door—just like camera’s lens • Light shield—shaft for blocking surrounding light • Pcs—for pointing towards the target
- 9. POINTING CONTROL SYSTEM(PCS)
- 10. PCS CONT… • Fineguidance sensor(3) • Coarse sun sensor(2) • Magnetic sensing system • Rate sensor unit(2) • Fixed head startrackers(3)—electro- optical detector • Reaction wheel actuators(4) • Magnetic torquers(4)
- 11. OPTICAL ASSEMBLY Primary mirror—2.4min diameter, concave shape Secondary mirror—0.3m in diameter Focal plane—for examining the light
- 12. SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS • AXIALBAYS(4)-Four instruments aligned with the main opticalaxis & are mounted just behind the primary mirror. • 1>ACS--wide field of view,better light sensitivity • 2>NICMOS—infrared instrument • 3>STIS—separates light into component wavelengths • 4>COSTER—for correction of spherical aberration • WFPC2(Wide Field/Planetary Camera 2)-It is responsible for taking nearly all of HUBBLE’s famous pictures • FINE GUIDANCE SENSORS(3)-It measures relative positions,providing data to the spacecraft’s targeting system
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- 14. COLOUR AS ATOOL
- 15. FEATURES • 3 observations/hour •Each observation requires 100 computer functions • 2 observations at a time • 100,000 instructions/week • Generates 10 billion bits of scientific data/week • Can move 90 degrees/15 minutes • 17,000mph around the earth
- 16. APPLICATION FIELDS • Bestview of mars • Proof of black holes • Quasars—active galactic nuclei in distant galaxies • Gamma rays origins • The expanding universe • The birth of stars • The death of stars • Comet collision • Auroras & electricity
- 22. LIMITATION • Can’t observethe sun—intense light & heat • Can’t observe mercury or venus • Can’t observe some stars—too bright • Orbit of HST—target obstructed by earth • Van allen radiation belt—charged particles from solar winds trapped by earth’s magnetic field
- 23. CONCLUSION Despite itsflawed early history, the HST has performed well, yielding much scientific data and beautiful images. However, the HST will not last forever. Plans are underway for a new space telescope, called the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST). NGST will be even more sensitive than HST and provide better images of even more distant objects.The age of optical space telescopes started by HST promises to revolutionize astronomy as much or more than Galileo's first use of the telescope did long ago.
- 24. REFERENCES • http://hubble.nasa.gov • http://hubblesite.org • http://heritage.stsci.edu/2000/01 • http://science.howstuffwoks.com
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