Coaching and mentoring help employees develop both short-term job skills through coaching and navigate longer careers through mentoring. They benefit the coach, learner, and organization. For the organization, benefits include higher retention, competitive advantage, and optimal resource use. The coaching process involves preparing, planning, active coaching sessions, and follow up. Career management helps employees understand their skills and interests to use them effectively through exploration, establishment, development and fulfillment over their career lifespan. Employers play a role through development opportunities, feedback, and supporting employee plans.