Reverse Osmosis is a process in which dissolved inorganic solids (such as salts) are removed from a solution (such as water). This is accomplished by household water pressure pushing the tap water through a semi permeable membrane. The membrane (which is about as thick as cellophane) allows only the water to pass through, not the impurities or contaminates. http://catalogs.indiamart.com/products/reverse-osmosis-systems.html

1. How Reverse Osmosis Water
Purification Systems Work

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3. Reverse Osmosis
* Reverse osmosis (RO) is a purification technology that uses a semi-
permeable membrane. This membrane-technology is not properly a
filtration method.
* In RO, an applied pressure is used to overcome osmotic pressure, a
colligative properties, that is driven by chemical potential, a
thermodynamic parameter.
* RO can remove many types of molecules and ions from solutions and
is used in both industrial processes and to produce potable water.
* To be "selective," this membrane should not allow large molecules or
ions through the pores (holes), but should allow smaller components of
the solution (such as the solvent) to pass freely.
* Osmosis is a natural process. When two liquids of different
concentration are separated by a semipermeable membrane, the fluid
has a tendency to move from low to high solute concentrations for
chemical potential equilibrium.

5. Reverse Osmosis Water Purification Systems Work
* Reverse Osmosis is a process in which dissolved inorganic solids
(such as salts) are removed from a solution (such as water).
* This is accomplished by household water pressure pushing the
tap water through a semi permeable membrane.
* The membrane (which is about as thick as cellophane) allows
only the water to pass through, not the impurities or contaminates.
* These impurities and contaminates are flushed down the drain.
* Ultimately, the factors that affect the performance of a ro system
are:
* Incoming water pressure
* Water Temperature
* Type and number of total dissolved solids (TDS) in the tap
water
* The quality of the filters and membranes used in the RO System

7. What A Reverse Osmosis System Remove
A reverse osmosis membrane will remove impurities and particles
larger than .001 microns
A reverse osmosis membrane will remove impurities and particles
larger than .001 microns

8. Components Common To All RO System
* Cold Water Line Valve
* Pre-Filter (s)
* Reverse Osmosis Membrane
* Post filter (s)
* Automatic Shut Off Valve (SOV)
* Check Valve
* Flow Restrictor
* Storage Tank
* Faucet
* Drain line

10. RO ( Reverse Osmosis ) Accessories
Automatic Shut-off Valves
Ball Valve
Bracket
Brass Ball Valve
Check Valve
Clamp
Cut-Down Pressure Valve
Faucet Adapter
Flow Restrictors
Liquid Level Control Switch
Plastic Tube
Pressure Switches
Pump Systems
Solenoid Valve
Spanner Wrenches

11. Reverse Osmosis (RO) Applications
* Reverse Osmosis (RO) Applications
* Perchlorate Removal From Drinking Water
* Nitrate Removal From Groundwater
* Perchlorate Removal From Groundwater
* Raw Water Pretreatment
* Tertiary Wastewater Treatment

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