Reverse osmosis uses pressure to force water through a semi-permeable membrane, allowing pure water to pass through while retaining dissolved salts and other contaminants. It is a highly effective purification process that can remove pollutants from tap water to produce pure water. A basic reverse osmosis system consists of a cold water line, pre-filter, reverse osmosis membrane, post-filter, automatic shut-off valve, check valve, flow restrictor, storage tank, and faucet. Reverse osmosis systems are commonly used to purify water for industrial, medical, and bottled water applications.

1. Reverse Osmosis for
Water Purification
TE 552 Nonwoven Product
Development
Neslihan Yagmur

2. What is Reverse Osmosis?
• Reverse osmosis (RO) is a separation
process that uses pressure to force a
solvent through a membrane, which
retains the solute on one side and
allows the pure solvent to pass to the
other side.

3. Advantages of RO
• Improves taste, odor and appearance
• Highly effective purification process
remove the pollutants
• Consumes no energy

4. Advantages of RO
• Flushes away pollutants, does not
collect them
• Easy to keep clean
• Low production cost

5. General Aspects to RO
Systems

6. Diagram of a Reverse Osmosis System
with Basic Components

7. Diagram of a Reverse Osmosis System
with Basic Components
1. Cold Water Line
Valve
2. Pre-Filter
3. Reverse Osmosis
Membrane
4. Post filter
5. Automatic Shut-
Off Valve
6. Check Valve
7. Flow Restrictor
8. Storage Tank
9. Faucet
10. Drain line

8. RO system task
Types of membranes

9. From Tap Water to Pure Water

10. RO Membranes

11. Membranes
1.RO
Membranes
3. Spiral
Membranes
2.Hollow
Fiber
Membranes

12. 1. RO Membranes
A.
Cellulose-
Based
Membranes
B.
Thin Film
Composite
Membranes

13. A. Cellulose-Based Membranes
• casting a thin film acetone-based
solution of cellulose acetate (CA)
polymer
• the first commercially RO membrane

14. B. Thin Film Composite Membranes
• Thin film composite (TFC)
polyamide membranes are consisted
of a porous support layer and a thin
film dense layer

15. 2. Hollow Fiber Membranes
• Bundle of fibers replace in porous
pipe

16. Spiral Membranes

17. How RO System works?

18. Design Considerations

19. Design Considerations
1. Quality of input water
2. Required quality of pure water
3. Required quantity of output water

20. Usage Areas
• Industry
– Feed water treatment for Steam Boilers,
– Pharmaceutical
– Food and Beverage,
– bottled water productions.
• Medical sectors
– Hemodialysis treatment,
– Laboratories.

21. References
• Sagle, A., Freeman, B., Fundamentals of Membranes for
Water Treatment, University of Texas at Austin
• U. S. Patent 4978550
• www.espwaterproducts.com
• Yaşa, E., Ters Ozmoz (TO) Su Arıtma Tekniği ve Muhtelif
Kullanım Alanları, 2010

22. THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION