The document discusses ways to create cohesion in writing, specifically through the use of connecting adverbs and adverbial phrases. It explains that connecting adverbs help link sentences and ideas together to ensure the text flows smoothly. Some examples of connecting adverbs that are provided include furthermore, moreover, however, nevertheless, on the other hand. The document also notes that connecting adverbs are often set off by commas and provides examples of sentences containing connecting adverbs. In the concluding paragraphs, it directs the reader to complete exercises identifying connecting adverbs.

1. Wednesday 17th June
2020
How can we create
cohesion in our
writing?

2. Creating Cohesion
When the ideas within paragraphs link well together we say the
paragraph has cohesion. You can think of cohesion like glue holding the
text together.
Cohesion in your writing will:
• Keep order in the paragraph.
• Keep related ideas together.
• Make it easier for the reader to understand the text.
• Make ideas flow more smoothly.
• Provide links between ideas.

3. Creating Cohesion
We can connect ideas in separate sentences by using connecting adverbs.
Connecting adverbs (and adverbial phrases and clauses) maintain the cohesion of a text in several
ways, including:
emphasis/addition – furthermore, moreover, also
opposition – however, nevertheless, on the other hand, instead, in contrast, looking at it another
way.
reinforcing – besides, anyway, after all
explaining – for example, in other words, that is to say
listing - first of all, finally
indicating result – therefore, consequently, as a result
indicating time – just then, meanwhile, later, after

4. Creating Cohesion
• Connecting adverbs/adverbials can help to create cohesion within
paragraphs.
• They join separate sentences together and ensure that ideas flow
more smoothly.
• They can be used in different places in sentences.
The brown bear looks cuddly. However, he is not a friendly animal.
The brown bear looks cuddly. He is not, however, a friendly animal.
However connects the ideas in
the two separate sentences.

5. Creating Cohesion
Commas are often used to mark off connecting
adverbs/adverbials. Can you spot the connecting adverbs /
adverbials in these sentences?
First of all, I want to welcome you to the meeting.
I didn’t think much of the film. Helen, on the other hand, enjoyed
it.
I was upset. However, I didn’t say anything

6. Creating Cohesion
First of all, I want to welcome you to the meeting.
I didn’t think much of the film. Helen, on the other
hand, enjoyed it.
I was upset. However, I didn’t say anything.

7. Creating Cohesion
You now need to return to the English tab. The first activity is
called Spot the Connecting Adverb. The second activity is
called Grouping Connecting Adverbs. Once you have
completed both activities have a look at the answer sheets so
that you can self assess your work before uploading to the
English Forum.