Hot Stand-By Disaster Recovery Solutions for Ensuring the Resilience of Railway Control Systems
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Specifications of modern railway control systems often include resilience requirements in order to quickly and safely recovery from disasters (e.g. system-level failures). To that aim, spatial redundancy is required, with main and backup systems installed in fully isolated buildings, together with very short switchover times from main to backup systems in case of disasters. In order to fulfil those requirements, Ansaldo STS has developed a system-level hot stand-by solution allowing to quickly and smoothly switch from the main system to the back-up one, ensuring the necessary continuity of service and transparency to train supervisors and other operators. The functional architecture of such a solution is able to keep aligned the safety-critical nucleuses, typically based on N-modular redundancy (i.e. ‘KooM’ voting), of the main and the back-up systems. Such a coherent alignment must be kept in terms of both interfaced field devices (e.g. interlocking signals, track circuits, switch points, etc.) – on the ‘bottom’ level – and control room Human Machine Interfaces (HMI) – on the ‘top’ level. The solution is based on heterogeneous and redundant network links (copper/fiber Ethernet/HyperRing) at different levels of system architecture. In this speech, the reference architecture and the fault-tolerance functionalities for disaster recovery are provided, considering the requirements of real railway and mass-transit installations.
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The document discusses ifm electronic's technology solutions for the mining industry. It summarizes ifm's conveyor control system using AS-Interface (AS-i) technology, which allows flexible expansion and monitoring of conveyor components like rope switches and emergency stops. The system includes an AS-i master, power supply, safety monitor, cable, and input/output modules. It provides a cost-effective and safe way to control conveyors while displaying status locally and remotely.
Iskra Medium Voltage Automation and Protection (Protection relays)
The document provides information on the NEO 3000 substation automation and protection system from EnergySector. The system includes substation SCADA software, a system communication unit, numerical protection relays, and acquisition and control modules designed to provide protection, monitoring, control, and communication capabilities at multiple substation levels. Key components of the NEO 3000 system include the MCE 940 SCADA software, SCU 810 communication unit, FPC 680 feeder protection relay, CAU 380 bay computer, and CAU 36X remote terminal units. The modular design of the NEO 3000 system allows for scalability and integration with third-party devices.
Network time sync for power generation, transmission and distribution
Meinberg offers solutions for synchronizing networks in power generation, transmission and distribution systems. Their products include NTP servers, frequency monitors, GPS clocks, and modular synchronization platforms that provide accurate timing via satellite receivers, radio clocks, and network time protocol. The solutions synchronize IT networks, reliably monitor power line frequency, and ensure accurate frequency control critical to preventing outages in power systems.
6600ingles
The document discusses IRD's condition monitoring technology for machines. It describes their 6600 series vibration and process monitors that meet API standards and provide vibration analysis, temperature monitoring, and data collection capabilities. The 3603 data interface unit allows connecting up to 200 monitors via RS485 and collecting data from them to transfer to host computers using Ethernet or RS232 connections. The Oliver2 software is used for long-term trending, alarm management, and vibration analysis from the collected data. IRD's systems have been selected for use by major oil and gas companies on various projects due to meeting industry standards.
Industrial Networks: the Choices for Real Time Motion Control
Among the versions of Ethernet for real-time motion update, two are leading the industry today: EtherCAT, Ethernet/IP, and Powerlink. Each handles real-time messaging differently, and the differences affect your design choices. The leading vendors behind these networks will discuss the ways each handles real-time updates. By watching this special, free 1-hour on-demand webinar you will gain a better understanding of the key factors necessary to make the best network choice for your motion application.
C041121116
The document describes a remote control system for multiple cold stores using SMS messages over GSM networks. The system consists of microcontrollers, GSM modems, a PC, and the cold stores. The PC interfaces with a GSM modem to serve as the remote control transmission set. Another set of microcontroller and GSM modem receives SMS messages and uses the microcontroller to analyze and interpret the messages to control operations in the cold stores. The system allows users to remotely control and operate multiple cold stores from anywhere that has mobile network coverage by sending SMS messages with addresses corresponding to the specific cold store.
7SR220 Overcurrent Relay
7SR220 series relays include for directional control of the overcurrent and earth fault functionality and are typically installed where fault current can flow in either direction i.e. on interconnected systems. Relays have five current and four voltage inputs they are housed in E6 or E8 cases.
Ls catalog thiet bi tu dong master rtu e_dienhathe.vn
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.org
7SR158 Argus Relay
#relays The Reyrolle 7SR158 Argus voltage and frequency relays are numerical, multifunctional devices, with functionality designed for connection to voltage transformers.
The voltage and frequency functionality is supplemented by data storage, instrumentation, user configurable logic and data communication features. A menu based user friendly interface provides local access to relay settings, instruments and operational data. The fascia also benefits from 9 user configurable, tri-coloured LEDs and a USB port for PC access.
IoT and Smart Grids II
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Implementation of slow down and stop system:
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Wsn handbook
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Ms 9200 udls(e)
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tac_mn_controllers_MNL10-15-20 2024 .pdf
The TAC MicroNet 100, 150, and 200 series controllers are interoperable LonWorks controllers designed for HVAC control applications like rooftops, heat pumps, and fan coils. They can function standalone or networked. The 100 series has 1 digital input, 2 universal inputs and 4 digital outputs. The 150 series has 3 universal inputs, 2 digital outputs, and 2 analog outputs. The 200 series has 2 digital inputs, 3 universal inputs, 6 digital outputs, and 2 analog outputs. They are programmed using WorkPlace Tech Tool software and use LonMark profiles for interoperability.
Dmx512 lightng contrl design
This document provides information on advanced lighting controls and mandatory control requirements for lighting systems. It discusses why lighting control is important, including user needs, legal codes, and energy efficiency. The document outlines mandatory control requirements from energy codes, including automatic shutoff controls, space controls, and occupancy sensor requirements. It also discusses control requirements for exterior lighting, additional controls for special applications, and considerations for green building projects. The document provides an overview of passive and active lighting control strategies and examples of sensor specifications and room layout diagrams.
ENVIROMUX_GMV_PresentationV8_NL
The document describes an environment monitoring system called ENVIROMUX that monitors critical conditions in data centers and other infrastructure facilities. It collects data from sensors monitoring temperature, humidity, power status, security threats, and other factors. This data is analyzed to detect issues and send alerts to prevent equipment damage and downtime. The system includes various sensor and monitoring devices that can be scaled to fit small, medium, or large facilities. It provides unified monitoring and control through management software.
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The MLabs team constructed a complete technical state monitoring system for light rail vehicles as part of the MONIT project. The system consists of numerous devices including a data acquisition unit, sensor units to measure acceleration, inclination, environment, and odometry, and a client application. The system is designed to monitor the technical state of trams commonly used in Poland.
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The document discusses an approach called semi-purification for automatically generating unit test cases from source code. Semi-purification replaces dependencies like global variables and database calls in the source code with function parameters. This allows existing automated test case generation tools to be used by treating the semi-purified code as if it were pure. Challenges discussed include handling shared subroutines, loops, and concurrency. The goal is to increase test coverage for complex, distributed systems with frequent changes like those used at CERN.
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Serene 2015
Davide Scaramuzza
Abstract: With drones becoming more and more popular, safety is a big concern. A critical situation occurs when a drone temporarily loses its GPS position information, which might lead it to crash. This can happen, for instance, when flying close to buildings where GPS signal is lost. In such situations, it is desirable that the drone can rely on fall-back systems and regain stable flight as soon as possible. In this talk, I will present novel methods to automatically recover and stabilize a quadrotor from any initial condition or execute emergency landing. On the one hand, this new technology will allow quadrotors to be launched by simply tossing them in the air, like a “baseball ball”. On the other hand, it will allow them to recover back into stable flight or land on a safe area after a system failure. Since this technology does not rely on any external infrastructure, such as GPS, it enables the safe use of drones in both indoor and outdoor environments. Thus, it can become relevant for commercial use of drones, such as parcel delivery.
Recent videos:
Automatic failure recovery without GPS: https://youtu.be/pGU1s6Y55JI
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1) The document discusses engineering cross-layer fault tolerance in many-core systems. It proposes a cross-layer approach where fault tolerance is distributed across system layers rather than handled solely within a single layer.
2) A motivating example of cross-layer fault tolerance is discussed using TCP/IP, where errors can be detected and recovered across multiple layers for improved efficiency.
3) The challenges of ensuring cross-layer fault tolerance for many-core systems containing tens to thousands of cores are discussed to improve reliability, performance and energy efficiency.
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This document presents research on assessing risk to determine the optimal level of redundancy needed when moving critical applications to the cloud. It develops fault tree models based on the physical structure of clouds to calculate failure frequency. It factors in varying resource quality and the costs of downtime and VMs. The results show that deploying between 4-6 redundant VMs provides significant availability gains and reduces total costs by lowering risk compared to basic redundancy approaches. The aim was met of leveraging cloud features in modeling to support high-value, mission critical applications on public clouds.
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The document discusses the similarities between biological immunity and software resilience. It proposes that biological systems are resilient, with the immune system being a prime example due to its ability to adapt, make decisions through distributed agents, and defend the body through learning. An actor-based model is presented as a way to engineer resilience into software by drawing inspiration from immune system principles like replication, containment, and delegation. A bio-inspired architecture is described that uses supervisor actors to detect changes and spawn helper/killer actors to address issues while maintaining system function. Future work areas are identified like automatic failure recognition, dynamic learning, and multi-layer management of failures.
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#Prerequisites:
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Hot Stand-By Disaster Recovery Solutions for Ensuring the Resilience of Railway Control Systems
- 1. 1 Finmeccanica is Italy’s leading manufacturer in the high technology sector. Finmeccanica is the largest shareholder in Ansaldo STS with a 40% stake. About us: Finmeccanica Hot Stand-By Disaster Recovery Solutions for Ensuring the Resilience of Railway Control Systems Paris, September 2015 Bozzaotre M.
- 2. Text Introduction • Disaster recovery in modern railway control systems • Ansaldo STS systems are based on a centralized architecture • Clients ask to guarantee the availability of service in case of disasters involving the control room (fire, flooding…) • Hot-standby solution developed by Ansaldo STS
- 3. 3 Text Wayside Subsystem Overview • Safety Nucleus (SN) performs the vital processing • HMI: it allows to control the whole railway system • Peripheral Place (PP) is the analogue interface the field devices • Communication to the trains via radio PP1 PP2 PP3 PP4 PP6 PP5 SN WAN Train Supervisor HMI CONTROL ROOM Radio
- 4. 4 Text Safety Nucleus Overview CPU1 CPU2 WD SECTION1 CPU1 CPU2 WD SECTION2 Ethernet RS485 Radio INTERFACES Main feautures • High Scalability • CENELEC SIL4 certified • Real Time processing • Fault Tolerance through spatial redundancy • Different and hetherogenous interfaces
- 5. 5 Text COLD-STANDBY solution * SN Backup in the same control room and not connected to the interfaces * Human action required for switchover WD SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SN NORMAL SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SN BACKUP Ethernet RS485 CONTROL ROOM INTERFACES Radio Active Inactive
- 6. 6 HOT STANDBY solution WD SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SN NORMAL SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SN BACKUP MAIN CONTROL ROOM Active Inactive BACKUP CONTROL ROOM • SN Normal and Backup in 2 different control rooms, connected by a network • Only one section active for SN in each room • Switchover automatically performed in case of fault/disaster, with non loss of service • With one only control room available, the second section can be activated by an human action
- 7. 7 HOT STANDBY: specific issues • Real time nature of the system • Section alignment • Amount of data • Continuity of service • Switchover time • Multiple interfaces • Split Brain • Preserve the safety, whitout affecting the availability • Reliability of the network WD SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SN NORMAL SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SN BACKUP MAIN CONTROL ROOM Active Inactive BACKUP CONTROL ROOM
- 8. 8 HMI – SCADA • Monitoring all the components • Accurate information and data analysis, in order to quickly figure out the faults and perform repair actions • Suitable for mobile devices