Hot Ice
•Download as PPS, PDF•
4 likes•1,985 views
The document describes an experiment to create "hot ice" using sodium acetate and water. Sodium acetate is dissolved in water to make a saturated solution, which is then supercooled without freezing by preventing nucleation. When a nucleation point is introduced, the supercooled solution undergoes an exothermic phase change and freezes, releasing heat and creating a substance that feels warm despite being frozen solid. The document provides instructions for safely conducting this experiment in the classroom to observe this unusual physical phenomenon.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
hot ice class 12 investigatory project chemistry best
i came to this site to search for good projects but made my own , uploading so that you all dont have a hard time .
note : the index and the front page is not complete as the page number formats for each school is different . also the certification and acknowledgement .
Saturated solutions
This document describes an experiment to measure the solubility of sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), and sucrose (C12H22O11) in water. The experimental procedure involves making saturated solutions of each solute in water and measuring how much can be dissolved. Observations show that solubility increases with temperature for all substances. NaCl has the highest solubility due to its small ion size, while sucrose has the lowest solubility due to its large molecular size. The results agree with theories about how solubility is affected by solute-solvent interactions and temperature.
Electromagnetic induction
This document provides information about electromagnetic induction through a presentation created by students. It defines electromagnetic induction as the process where a changing magnetic field induces a current in a conductor. An experiment is described where a coil of wire connected to a galvanometer shows a deflection when a magnet is moved in and out of the coil, demonstrating induced current. Fleming's right hand rule for determining the direction of induced current is also explained. The document concludes by noting how the principle of electromagnetic induction is employed in electric generators to produce large currents for homes and industry.
Class 12th Chemistry Project: Measuring solubility of Saturated Solutions
This document describes an experiment to measure the solubility of sodium chloride (table salt), magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt), and sucrose (table sugar) in water. The procedure involves adding measured amounts of each solute to 100mL of water until saturation is reached, where no more solute will dissolve. The amounts of each solute dissolved are recorded. Observations show that NaCl has the highest solubility, followed by MgSO4, with sucrose having the lowest solubility. This result aligns with the theory that ionic compounds and smaller molecules dissolve more readily than larger, polar molecules. Heating the solutions increased the solubility of all three substances.
Electromagnetic induction by jeswant gembali
The document discusses electromagnetic induction, which is the production of an electromotive force across a conductor when it is exposed to a varying magnetic field. It was discovered by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry in 1831. Faraday's law of induction states that the induced electromotive force in a closed circuit is equal to the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit. Applications of electromagnetic induction include electric generators, magnetic flow meters, induction motors, and transformers. Eddy currents in conductors can be reduced through the use of thin laminated sheets in devices like electromagnets.
Chem project
A Project file on Study of Diffusion of solids in liquids.
Useful for class 12th investigatory project of chemistry.
All the reading are actually performed,
three states of matter
it describes what is matter,three states of matter,melting and boiling points etc.,sublimation,difference, between gas and vapour
Option C Nernst Equation, Voltaic Cell and Concentration Cell
This document discusses types of voltaic and electrolytic cells, electrochemistry concepts like redox reactions and how they produce electricity, and different types of cells like Daniell cells and alkaline cells. It also covers definitions of electric current, potential difference, resistance, and how they relate through Ohm's law. Key concepts explained include the relationship between Gibbs free energy change, equilibrium constant and cell potential, and how standard electrode potentials are used to calculate cell potentials.
Recommended
hot ice class 12 investigatory project chemistry best
i came to this site to search for good projects but made my own , uploading so that you all dont have a hard time .
note : the index and the front page is not complete as the page number formats for each school is different . also the certification and acknowledgement .
Saturated solutions
This document describes an experiment to measure the solubility of sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), and sucrose (C12H22O11) in water. The experimental procedure involves making saturated solutions of each solute in water and measuring how much can be dissolved. Observations show that solubility increases with temperature for all substances. NaCl has the highest solubility due to its small ion size, while sucrose has the lowest solubility due to its large molecular size. The results agree with theories about how solubility is affected by solute-solvent interactions and temperature.
Electromagnetic induction
This document provides information about electromagnetic induction through a presentation created by students. It defines electromagnetic induction as the process where a changing magnetic field induces a current in a conductor. An experiment is described where a coil of wire connected to a galvanometer shows a deflection when a magnet is moved in and out of the coil, demonstrating induced current. Fleming's right hand rule for determining the direction of induced current is also explained. The document concludes by noting how the principle of electromagnetic induction is employed in electric generators to produce large currents for homes and industry.
Class 12th Chemistry Project: Measuring solubility of Saturated Solutions
This document describes an experiment to measure the solubility of sodium chloride (table salt), magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt), and sucrose (table sugar) in water. The procedure involves adding measured amounts of each solute to 100mL of water until saturation is reached, where no more solute will dissolve. The amounts of each solute dissolved are recorded. Observations show that NaCl has the highest solubility, followed by MgSO4, with sucrose having the lowest solubility. This result aligns with the theory that ionic compounds and smaller molecules dissolve more readily than larger, polar molecules. Heating the solutions increased the solubility of all three substances.
Electromagnetic induction by jeswant gembali
The document discusses electromagnetic induction, which is the production of an electromotive force across a conductor when it is exposed to a varying magnetic field. It was discovered by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry in 1831. Faraday's law of induction states that the induced electromotive force in a closed circuit is equal to the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit. Applications of electromagnetic induction include electric generators, magnetic flow meters, induction motors, and transformers. Eddy currents in conductors can be reduced through the use of thin laminated sheets in devices like electromagnets.
Chem project
A Project file on Study of Diffusion of solids in liquids.
Useful for class 12th investigatory project of chemistry.
All the reading are actually performed,
three states of matter
it describes what is matter,three states of matter,melting and boiling points etc.,sublimation,difference, between gas and vapour
Option C Nernst Equation, Voltaic Cell and Concentration Cell
This document discusses types of voltaic and electrolytic cells, electrochemistry concepts like redox reactions and how they produce electricity, and different types of cells like Daniell cells and alkaline cells. It also covers definitions of electric current, potential difference, resistance, and how they relate through Ohm's law. Key concepts explained include the relationship between Gibbs free energy change, equilibrium constant and cell potential, and how standard electrode potentials are used to calculate cell potentials.
Magnetic flux
- Magnetic flux (ΦB) is a measure of magnetic field strength over an area, measured in webers (Wb). ΦB = BA, where B is magnetic field strength and A is area.
- According to Faraday's law of induction, any change in magnetic flux over time induces a voltage in a circuit. The faster the change, the greater the induced voltage.
- Lenz's law states that an induced current will flow in a direction that opposes the change causing it, in order to conserve energy. This explains the negative sign in Faraday's law.
Water and solutions
Water can exist in three states - solid, liquid, and gas - and the changes between these states occur at specific temperatures. A solution is a homogeneous mixture formed when one or more solutes dissolve in a solvent like water. The solubility of a substance is affected by factors such as the nature of the solute and solvent as well as temperature, with solubility generally increasing as temperature rises.
Foaming capacity of different soaps
Soaps are salts of fatty acids that have a hydrophilic polar end and a hydrophobic non-polar end. This structure allows soap molecules to surround dirt and grease particles, forming micelles that emulsify the particles and suspend them in water. The document describes an experiment to compare the foaming capacities of different commercial soaps. Samples of five soaps were dissolved and shaken in test tubes, then the time taken for the foam to disappear was measured and compared. The soap with the highest foaming capacity, taking the longest time for the foam to disappear, was determined to be Lifeboy soap.
Density
Here are the steps Jake can take to find the density of the book using the tools he has:
1. Use the balance to measure the mass of the book. Let's say it's 1,000 grams.
2. Use the ruler to measure the dimensions of the book - its length, width, and height.
3. Calculate the volume of the book by multiplying its length by its width by its height. For example, if the book is 20 cm long, 10 cm wide, and 2 cm thick, its volume would be 20 cm x 10 cm x 2 cm = 400 cm3.
4. Use the density formula: Density = Mass / Volume
5. Plug in the values:
Electric Charges, Forces and Fields
1) Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that comes in two types: positive and negative. Like charges repel and unlike charges attract, as described by Coulomb's Law.
2) An electric field is a physical quantity that permeates space and is created by electric charges. It exerts force on other charges and is a vector field. The electric field is proportional to the charge creating it and inversely proportional to the distance from that charge.
3) When multiple charges are present, the net electric field is the vector sum of the individual electric fields according to the superposition principle. Electric field lines provide a pictorial representation of electric fields, with density and direction corresponding to field strength and direction.
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT.pdf
The document is a physics investigatory project submitted by Jiya Saini of Class 12 A to their physics teacher Rakhi. It discusses the topic of diffraction of light. The project includes an acknowledgement, certificate, preface, and sections on what is diffraction, the history of diffraction, when and how it occurs, types of diffraction including single and double slit diffraction, examples and applications, and an experimental analysis of single slit diffraction.
Chocolate experiments for science lessons
These are experiments about the chemistry of chocolate, especially the 6 polymorphs of chocolate. It can help students understand that natural substances are a mixture of many different compounds or it can be done just for fun.
Electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction builds on the concept of magnets and magnetic fields in grade 10. Most of the work covered here is quite clear and straight forward.
Acids, Bases and Salts (Chemistry 'O' level)
Chemistry 'O' level syllabus: Acids, Bases & Salts
Please download to access the animations that come with the slides. Some of the animations help to clear away hidden boxes.
Slides include interactive learning elements!!!
Contact me if you want more slides or to custom made for you at:
Email: fazzydoo@gmail.com
Facebook: Faiz Abdullah (look at picture)
Twitter: @fazzydoo
Chemistry projecton adureants in food by animesh arya
The document discusses a chemistry project on studying common food adulterants. It outlines experiments to test for adulterants in foods like ghee, sugar, chilli powder and turmeric powder. The results of the experiments show various adulterants like starch in ghee and brick powder in chilli powder that can cause health issues if consumed.
Aldehydes and Ketones
This document is a chemistry project on aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. It includes a certificate verifying completion, acknowledgements, index, and 5 sections discussing topics like nomenclature, preparation methods, reactions, and inductive effects. The project was assigned by a teacher and completed by a 12th grade student to fulfill an academic requirement. It provides an overview of key concepts regarding these functional groups in an educational format.
Chemistryproject 170204054007
This document describes a student project measuring the solubility of common chemicals like table salt, Epsom salts, and sugar in water. The student followed an experimental procedure that involved adding incremental amounts of each chemical to water until saturation was reached. Key results were that table salt had the highest solubility due to its small ionic components, while sugar had the lowest solubility due to its large molecular size. Increasing the temperature increased the solubility of all chemicals by providing more kinetic energy to molecules. The student's results and conclusions agreed with chemical theories of solubility.
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON THEORY OF RELATIVITY HYPOTHESIS AND CONCLUSI...
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON THEORY OF RELATIVITY HYPOTHESIS AND CONCLUSIONS FOR CLASS 12 CBSE PHYSICS(GENERAL AND SPECIAL)
Kinetic Theory of Matter
- There are three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
- In solids, particles are closely packed in a fixed shape and volume. Liquids have a fixed volume but no shape, and particles can move around each other. Gases have no fixed shape or volume, and particles move independently at high speeds.
- The kinetic theory model explains states in terms of particle motion. In solids, particles vibrate in fixed positions. In liquids, they move in clusters. Gases have particles very far apart traveling at high speeds.
- Gas pressure results from particle collisions with container walls. Higher temperatures or lower volumes increase pressure according to mathematical relationships.
solution and solubility
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. In a solution, the substance present in lesser amount is called the solute, which is dissolved in the substance present in larger amount known as the solvent. Common examples of solutions include sugar dissolved in water and gases dissolved in liquids. The concentration of a solute in a solution depends on how much of the solute is dissolved in the solvent. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where the solute and solvent are mixed uniformly throughout the solution.
Capacitance and dielectrics
This chapter discusses capacitors and dielectrics. It begins by introducing capacitors and how they store electric charge. It then provides examples of calculating the capacitance of parallel plate, cylindrical, and spherical capacitors. Next, it discusses how capacitors can be connected in parallel and series circuits and calculates equivalent capacitance. It also covers how energy is stored in capacitors. The chapter then introduces dielectrics and how they increase capacitance by polarizing within an electric field. It provides an example calculation of capacitance with a dielectric. Finally, it discusses applications of capacitors and electric fields.
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure
Dalton's law of partial pressure states that total pressure of the mixture of inert gases is equal to the sum of partial pressures of each gas present in the mixture.
Electrolysis chemist
Electrolysis is the process of using electricity to cause a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. During electrolysis, ions migrate towards the electrodes and undergo oxidation or reduction reactions. At the cathode, positively charged ions are reduced and neutral atoms are formed. At the anode, negatively charged ions are oxidized and neutral atoms or molecules are formed. The products of electrolysis depend on factors like the ions present in the electrolyte, their concentration and position in the reactivity series, and the nature of the electrodes. Electrolysis has applications in purifying and extracting metals, and in electroplating.
Solubility
Introduces the concepts involved in predicting whether substances are soluble or insoluble. Precipitation (exchange) reactions are also discussed, along with ionic equations and net ionic equations. General Chemistry
CHAPTER 5 KSSM.pptx
The document discusses different processes of state changes of matter, including freezing, sublimation, melting, condensation, and diffusion. It provides examples such as making ice cream through freezing, dry ice changing directly from solid to gas through sublimation, moth balls decreasing in size through sublimation, salt lowering the melting point of snow and ice, dew forming through condensation of water vapor in the air, and fragrance diffusing through the air from an air freshener.
DAILY LIFE IMPLICATIONS.ppsx
The document discusses various examples of changes of state of matter through different processes like freezing, sublimation, melting, condensation, diffusion, and deposition. Some key examples mentioned are liquid water freezing to ice through freezing process, dry ice changing directly from solid to gas through sublimation, moth balls decreasing in size through sublimation and diffusion, salt melting snow through a process where it dissolves and lowers the melting point of ice, dew forming on plants through condensation as warm air cools, and gel air freshener releasing fragrance through diffusion and decreasing in size through sublimation.
More Related Content
What's hot
Magnetic flux
- Magnetic flux (ΦB) is a measure of magnetic field strength over an area, measured in webers (Wb). ΦB = BA, where B is magnetic field strength and A is area.
- According to Faraday's law of induction, any change in magnetic flux over time induces a voltage in a circuit. The faster the change, the greater the induced voltage.
- Lenz's law states that an induced current will flow in a direction that opposes the change causing it, in order to conserve energy. This explains the negative sign in Faraday's law.
Water and solutions
Water can exist in three states - solid, liquid, and gas - and the changes between these states occur at specific temperatures. A solution is a homogeneous mixture formed when one or more solutes dissolve in a solvent like water. The solubility of a substance is affected by factors such as the nature of the solute and solvent as well as temperature, with solubility generally increasing as temperature rises.
Foaming capacity of different soaps
Soaps are salts of fatty acids that have a hydrophilic polar end and a hydrophobic non-polar end. This structure allows soap molecules to surround dirt and grease particles, forming micelles that emulsify the particles and suspend them in water. The document describes an experiment to compare the foaming capacities of different commercial soaps. Samples of five soaps were dissolved and shaken in test tubes, then the time taken for the foam to disappear was measured and compared. The soap with the highest foaming capacity, taking the longest time for the foam to disappear, was determined to be Lifeboy soap.
Density
Here are the steps Jake can take to find the density of the book using the tools he has:
1. Use the balance to measure the mass of the book. Let's say it's 1,000 grams.
2. Use the ruler to measure the dimensions of the book - its length, width, and height.
3. Calculate the volume of the book by multiplying its length by its width by its height. For example, if the book is 20 cm long, 10 cm wide, and 2 cm thick, its volume would be 20 cm x 10 cm x 2 cm = 400 cm3.
4. Use the density formula: Density = Mass / Volume
5. Plug in the values:
Electric Charges, Forces and Fields
1) Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that comes in two types: positive and negative. Like charges repel and unlike charges attract, as described by Coulomb's Law.
2) An electric field is a physical quantity that permeates space and is created by electric charges. It exerts force on other charges and is a vector field. The electric field is proportional to the charge creating it and inversely proportional to the distance from that charge.
3) When multiple charges are present, the net electric field is the vector sum of the individual electric fields according to the superposition principle. Electric field lines provide a pictorial representation of electric fields, with density and direction corresponding to field strength and direction.
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT.pdf
The document is a physics investigatory project submitted by Jiya Saini of Class 12 A to their physics teacher Rakhi. It discusses the topic of diffraction of light. The project includes an acknowledgement, certificate, preface, and sections on what is diffraction, the history of diffraction, when and how it occurs, types of diffraction including single and double slit diffraction, examples and applications, and an experimental analysis of single slit diffraction.
Chocolate experiments for science lessons
These are experiments about the chemistry of chocolate, especially the 6 polymorphs of chocolate. It can help students understand that natural substances are a mixture of many different compounds or it can be done just for fun.
Electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction builds on the concept of magnets and magnetic fields in grade 10. Most of the work covered here is quite clear and straight forward.
Acids, Bases and Salts (Chemistry 'O' level)
Chemistry 'O' level syllabus: Acids, Bases & Salts
Please download to access the animations that come with the slides. Some of the animations help to clear away hidden boxes.
Slides include interactive learning elements!!!
Contact me if you want more slides or to custom made for you at:
Email: fazzydoo@gmail.com
Facebook: Faiz Abdullah (look at picture)
Twitter: @fazzydoo
Chemistry projecton adureants in food by animesh arya
The document discusses a chemistry project on studying common food adulterants. It outlines experiments to test for adulterants in foods like ghee, sugar, chilli powder and turmeric powder. The results of the experiments show various adulterants like starch in ghee and brick powder in chilli powder that can cause health issues if consumed.
Aldehydes and Ketones
This document is a chemistry project on aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. It includes a certificate verifying completion, acknowledgements, index, and 5 sections discussing topics like nomenclature, preparation methods, reactions, and inductive effects. The project was assigned by a teacher and completed by a 12th grade student to fulfill an academic requirement. It provides an overview of key concepts regarding these functional groups in an educational format.
Chemistryproject 170204054007
This document describes a student project measuring the solubility of common chemicals like table salt, Epsom salts, and sugar in water. The student followed an experimental procedure that involved adding incremental amounts of each chemical to water until saturation was reached. Key results were that table salt had the highest solubility due to its small ionic components, while sugar had the lowest solubility due to its large molecular size. Increasing the temperature increased the solubility of all chemicals by providing more kinetic energy to molecules. The student's results and conclusions agreed with chemical theories of solubility.
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON THEORY OF RELATIVITY HYPOTHESIS AND CONCLUSI...
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON THEORY OF RELATIVITY HYPOTHESIS AND CONCLUSIONS FOR CLASS 12 CBSE PHYSICS(GENERAL AND SPECIAL)
Kinetic Theory of Matter
- There are three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
- In solids, particles are closely packed in a fixed shape and volume. Liquids have a fixed volume but no shape, and particles can move around each other. Gases have no fixed shape or volume, and particles move independently at high speeds.
- The kinetic theory model explains states in terms of particle motion. In solids, particles vibrate in fixed positions. In liquids, they move in clusters. Gases have particles very far apart traveling at high speeds.
- Gas pressure results from particle collisions with container walls. Higher temperatures or lower volumes increase pressure according to mathematical relationships.
solution and solubility
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. In a solution, the substance present in lesser amount is called the solute, which is dissolved in the substance present in larger amount known as the solvent. Common examples of solutions include sugar dissolved in water and gases dissolved in liquids. The concentration of a solute in a solution depends on how much of the solute is dissolved in the solvent. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where the solute and solvent are mixed uniformly throughout the solution.
Capacitance and dielectrics
This chapter discusses capacitors and dielectrics. It begins by introducing capacitors and how they store electric charge. It then provides examples of calculating the capacitance of parallel plate, cylindrical, and spherical capacitors. Next, it discusses how capacitors can be connected in parallel and series circuits and calculates equivalent capacitance. It also covers how energy is stored in capacitors. The chapter then introduces dielectrics and how they increase capacitance by polarizing within an electric field. It provides an example calculation of capacitance with a dielectric. Finally, it discusses applications of capacitors and electric fields.
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure
Dalton's law of partial pressure states that total pressure of the mixture of inert gases is equal to the sum of partial pressures of each gas present in the mixture.
Electrolysis chemist
Electrolysis is the process of using electricity to cause a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. During electrolysis, ions migrate towards the electrodes and undergo oxidation or reduction reactions. At the cathode, positively charged ions are reduced and neutral atoms are formed. At the anode, negatively charged ions are oxidized and neutral atoms or molecules are formed. The products of electrolysis depend on factors like the ions present in the electrolyte, their concentration and position in the reactivity series, and the nature of the electrodes. Electrolysis has applications in purifying and extracting metals, and in electroplating.
Solubility
Introduces the concepts involved in predicting whether substances are soluble or insoluble. Precipitation (exchange) reactions are also discussed, along with ionic equations and net ionic equations. General Chemistry
What's hot (20)
Chemistry projecton adureants in food by animesh arya
Chemistry projecton adureants in food by animesh arya
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON THEORY OF RELATIVITY HYPOTHESIS AND CONCLUSI...
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON THEORY OF RELATIVITY HYPOTHESIS AND CONCLUSI...
Similar to Hot Ice
CHAPTER 5 KSSM.pptx
The document discusses different processes of state changes of matter, including freezing, sublimation, melting, condensation, and diffusion. It provides examples such as making ice cream through freezing, dry ice changing directly from solid to gas through sublimation, moth balls decreasing in size through sublimation, salt lowering the melting point of snow and ice, dew forming through condensation of water vapor in the air, and fragrance diffusing through the air from an air freshener.
DAILY LIFE IMPLICATIONS.ppsx
The document discusses various examples of changes of state of matter through different processes like freezing, sublimation, melting, condensation, diffusion, and deposition. Some key examples mentioned are liquid water freezing to ice through freezing process, dry ice changing directly from solid to gas through sublimation, moth balls decreasing in size through sublimation and diffusion, salt melting snow through a process where it dissolves and lowers the melting point of ice, dew forming on plants through condensation as warm air cools, and gel air freshener releasing fragrance through diffusion and decreasing in size through sublimation.
colligative intro.pptx
This document introduces colligative properties, which describe how adding a solute to a solution affects the solution's boiling point, freezing point, and vapor pressure. There are three key rules: 1) the solute must dissolve in water, 2) the specific identity of the solute does not matter, only the amount, and 3) replacing about half the water with a soluble substance lowers the freezing point. Common household items like sugar, salt, and alcohol exhibit colligative properties and can be used in place of antifreeze to prevent water in a car from freezing. The mechanism is that solute molecules get in the way of ordering processes like freezing and boiling, increasing the entropy and energy needed for phase changes
Experimental techniques
This document discusses various techniques for purifying substances, including filtration, crystallization, distillation, and chromatography. It provides examples of how each technique works and the types of mixtures it can be used to separate. Key points include:
- Filtration separates insoluble solids from liquids by passing the mixture through a filter paper.
- Crystallization forms pure crystals of a soluble solid by slowly evaporating the solvent from a saturated solution.
- Distillation boils a liquid mixture and condenses the vapor to separate components with different boiling points.
- Chromatography separates mixtures by exploiting differences in how substances partition between a stationary and mobile phase.
Supersaturation
The document describes how sodium acetate hand warmers work through an exothermic crystallization reaction. When the metal disc inside is snapped, it creates a seed crystal that triggers the rapid crystallization of the supersaturated sodium acetate solution, releasing heat. The crystallization process can be observed in terms of temperature change, crystal growth patterns, and reaction rate variations based on initial temperature. Sodium acetate hand warmers utilize this property of supersaturated solutions to provide temporary heat.
Experimental techniques
This document discusses various techniques for purifying substances, including filtration, crystallization, distillation, and chromatography. It provides examples of how each technique works and the types of mixtures it can be used to separate. Key points include:
- Filtration separates insoluble solids from liquids by passing the mixture through a filter paper.
- Crystallization forms pure crystals of a soluble solid by slowly evaporating the solvent from a saturated solution.
- Distillation boils a liquid mixture and condenses the vapor to separate components with different boiling points.
- Chromatography separates mixtures by exploiting differences in how substances partition between a stationary and mobile phase.
Purification Of Substances 1
The document discusses various methods of purifying substances, including filtration, crystallization, and evaporation. It provides details on the principles and procedures of these purification techniques. Filtration is used to separate insoluble solids from liquids or solutions. Crystallization produces pure solids from solutions and is used if the solid decomposes upon strong heating. Evaporation removes the solvent from a solution, leaving behind the pure solid, and is used if the solid does not decompose with heat.
Let's play with reactions
The document describes several chemical reactions that can be demonstrated in a scientific workshop setting, including:
1) The reaction of hydrochloric acid and marble powder produces calcium chloride and carbon dioxide.
2) Aluminum reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas.
3) The reaction of baking soda and vinegar in a flask causes carbon dioxide gas to form and inflate a balloon.
4) Hydrogen peroxide, detergent, and potassium iodide produce an exothermic reaction and foam volcano when mixed.
Unit a mix & flow of matter
1. Fluids are substances that have no fixed shape and can flow, including liquids and gases. Fluids are found in many technologies and natural processes.
2. Fluids help with transporting materials like oil sands in slurries, processing materials like melting sand into glass, and holding other materials like ingredients in toothpaste.
3. Fluid properties like viscosity, density, and compressibility determine how fluids behave and can be used. Understanding these properties allows for developing new fluid technologies.
Colligative Properties of Solutions.pptx
The document discusses colligative properties of solutions, which are properties that depend only on the number of solute particles in solution and not on the nature of the solute particles. It provides several examples to illustrate colligative properties, including how adding salt increases the boiling point of water and how adding sugar lowers the freezing point of solutions like soda. Videos are also included that further explain concepts like freezing point depression and osmosis.
7 Science Chapter 8.ppt
This document provides an overview of solutions and factors that affect the dissolving process. It defines a solution as a homogeneous mixture that appears as a single substance. Solutions are made up of a solute, the substance that dissolves, and a solvent, the substance the solute dissolves in. The rate at which a solute dissolves, or its solubility, depends on properties like temperature, pressure, the size of solute particles, and stirring. Higher temperatures typically increase solubility for solids but decrease it for gases. Smaller solute particles and higher pressures also increase solubility.
Chemistry
This document discusses physical and chemical changes through a series of experiments involving changes of state, dissolving substances, burning substances, and flame tests. It defines a physical change as one where the original substance can be recovered, while a chemical change produces a new substance that cannot be recovered. Experiments show dissolving and burning substances are chemical changes, while changes of state like melting and freezing are physical changes.
TOPIC 5. RATE OF REACTION-LAB
The document discusses several experiments on factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions:
1. Particle size - Comparing the reaction of dilute HCl with large vs. small marble chips to see how particle size impacts the reaction rate. Smaller particles react faster due to a greater surface area.
2. Catalyst - Adding manganese dioxide speeds up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water, showing how a catalyst increases the reaction rate without being used up in the reaction.
3. Temperature - Measuring the time it takes for tablets to dissolve in hot, room temperature, and cold water, demonstrating that higher temperatures increase molecular motion and collision frequency, speeding up reactions.
Dacota_blue K12: Science 7: Quarter 1: Module 1 matter
This document discusses solutions and related concepts. It begins by defining matter and the different states of matter. It then discusses solutions in depth, including the components of solutions, different types of solutions, factors that affect solubility rates, and ways to express concentration. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate these concepts. Concentration is discussed further, including percentage by weight and by volume. Factors that affect how quickly solutes dissolve are also outlined.
Chem Lab Report (1)
The document summarizes a lab experiment on determining the solubility of an unknown salt. Students found the solubility to be 66.28g/100g H2O initially but made errors. Another student correctly obtained 49.64g/100g H2O for potassium chloride, which has an actual solubility of 34.0g/100g H2O at 20°C. Errors included insufficient salt dissolution and not properly weighing materials. The purpose of determining a salt's solubility at different temperatures was achieved but the students' results were inaccurate due to mistakes made during the experiment.
Edsu 531, lessonwaudio[1]
The document discusses freezing point depression, which is when adding a solute to a solution lowers the freezing point. It explains how adding salt to ice allows ice cream to freeze at a lower temperature than pure water by disrupting the equilibrium between the solid and liquid phases. This causes more melting, which absorbs heat from the surroundings and keeps the ice cream colder until it freezes. Applications mentioned include using salt to melt icy roads and antifreeze to prevent engine coolant from freezing.
Freeze Concentration
The document discusses the process of freeze concentration. Freeze concentration involves freezing a liquid food which causes ice crystals to form and separate out pure water, leaving a more concentrated liquid product. It can concentrate fruit juices, coffee, tea, beer and wine while better preserving quality and nutrients compared to other concentration methods. Key steps involve nucleation and growth of ice crystals followed by separation of the crystals from the concentrated liquid.
Chemistry of solutions
This document discusses chemistry of solutions. It defines key terms like solute, solvent and solution. It explains that a solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. The solute is dispersed uniformly throughout the solvent. Factors that affect solubility are also discussed, like temperature, pressure, molecular size and polarity. Henry's law is introduced, which states that the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to its partial pressure.
Chemistry of solutions
This document discusses chemistry of solutions. It defines key terms like solute, solvent and solution. It explains that a solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. The solute is dispersed uniformly throughout the solvent. Factors that affect solubility are also discussed, like temperature, pressure, molecular size and polarity. Henry's law is introduced, which states that the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to its partial pressure.
Lesson 3 solution
This document discusses solutions and mixtures. It defines key terms like solute, solvent, saturated, unsaturated and supersaturated solutions. Examples are given of different types of solutions including liquid, solid, and gaseous solutions. Factors that affect solubility like temperature, particle size, shaking and polarity are explained. The document also discusses concentration of solutions in terms of dilute, concentrated, saturated and unsaturated levels.
Similar to Hot Ice (20)
Dacota_blue K12: Science 7: Quarter 1: Module 1 matter
Dacota_blue K12: Science 7: Quarter 1: Module 1 matter
Recently uploaded
Top mailing list providers in the USA.pptx
Discover the top mailing list providers in the USA, offering targeted lists, segmentation, and analytics to optimize your marketing campaigns and drive engagement.
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
Business storytelling: key ingredients to a story
Storytelling is an incredibly valuable tool to share data and information. To get the most impact from stories there are a number of key ingredients. These are based on science and human nature. Using these elements in a story you can deliver information impactfully, ensure action and drive change.
2024-6-01-IMPACTSilver-Corp-Presentation.pdf
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
CALL 8867766396 SATTA MATKA | DPBOSS | KALYAN MAIN BAZAR | FAST MATKA | DPBOSS GUESSING | TARA MATKA | KALYAN CHART | MATKA BOSS
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Schedule Unveiled
Creative Web Design Company in Singapore
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
Creative Web Design Company in Singapore
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
If You Want To More Information just Contact Now:
Skype: SEOSMMEARTH
Telegram: @seosmmearth
Gmail: seosmmearth@gmail.com
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media Masterclass
In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
2022 Vintage Roman Numerals Men Rings
Discover timeless style with the 2022 Vintage Roman Numerals Men's Ring. Crafted from premium stainless steel, this 6mm wide ring embodies elegance and durability. Perfect as a gift, it seamlessly blends classic Roman numeral detailing with modern sophistication, making it an ideal accessory for any occasion.
https://rb.gy/usj1a2
Building Your Employer Brand with Social Media
Presented at The Global HR Summit, 6th June 2024
In this keynote, Luan Wise will provide invaluable insights to elevate your employer brand on social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok. You'll learn how compelling content can authentically showcase your company culture, values, and employee experiences to support your talent acquisition and retention objectives. Additionally, you'll understand the power of employee advocacy to amplify reach and engagement – helping to position your organization as an employer of choice in today's competitive talent landscape.
Best practices for project execution and delivery
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
Income Tax exemption for Start up : Section 80 IAC
A presentation on the concept of Exemption of Profits of Start ups from Income Tax
Recently uploaded (20)
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
The Influence of Marketing Strategy and Market Competition on Business Perfor...
The Influence of Marketing Strategy and Market Competition on Business Perfor...
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
Training my puppy and implementation in this story
Training my puppy and implementation in this story
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media Masterclass
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media Masterclass
Income Tax exemption for Start up : Section 80 IAC
Income Tax exemption for Start up : Section 80 IAC
Hot Ice
- 1. Hot Ice What’s the Problem with the Solution? The Scientists of Medaille Present
- 2. Hot Ice What’s the Problem with the Solution? The Mad Scientists of Medaille Present
- 6. Solutions SATURATED SOLUTION no more solute dissolves UNSATURATED SOLUTION more solute dissolves SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION becomes unstable, crystals form
- 11. Today`s Experiment Making Hot Ice
- 28. I’m a real caffeine molecule Elements Page