This document discusses the functions, types, and organization of hospitals. It begins by defining a hospital as an institution that provides facilities for diagnosis, therapy, rehabilitation, prevention, education, and research using physicians, surgeons, and technical staff. It then lists 13 functions of hospitals including uplifting medical standards, providing patient care facilities, reducing disease occurrence through early diagnosis and treatment, and participating in research projects. The document classifies hospitals based on clinical grounds, size, cost, and medical system. It describes the organization of hospitals including governing bodies, administration, and various services like nursing, outpatient care, pharmacy, and records. Finally, it discusses management of materials, inventory control techniques, and store procedures in hospitals.

1. HOSPITAL – ITS
FUNCTIONS, TYPES AND
ORGANIZATION
DEEPIKA BAIRAGEE
Assistant Professor
OCPR, Oriental University, Indore

2. INDEX/CONTENTS OF THIS PPT
 GENERAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 DEFINITION OF HOSPITAL
 FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL
 CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL
 ORGANIZATION OF HOSPITAL
 BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCE

3. DEFINITIONOF HOSPITAL
HOSPITAL
“An INSTITUTION of COMMUNITY HEALTH/ a SPECIALIZED
COMPLEX ORGANIZATION, that makes use of PHYSICIANS, SURGEONS
& team of TECHNICAL STAFF, in order to provide facilities for DIAGNOSIS,
THERAPY, REHABILITATION, PREVENTION, EDUCATION &
RESEARCH…………”

4. FUNCTIONSOF HOSPITAL
1. To UPLIFT QUALITY OF LAW and GENERAL STANDARDS of MEDICAL
PRACTICE
2. ToPROVIDE FACILITIES& GUIDANCE ,by which persons can work in GROUPS, with
the intention of BETTERMENT of HOSPITAL DEPARTMENT, PATIENT &
COMMUNITY
3. ToREDUCE DISEASEOCCURRENCE byearlyDIAGNOSISand TREATMENT
4. To ESTIMATE needs for FACILITIES, SUPPLIES & EQUIPMENTS, and their
UTILIZATIONfor EVALUATION,CONTROL & MAINTENANCE
5. ToESTIMATEDEPARTMENTAL NECESSITIES

5. 6. To PROVIDE a COMMON LINK between GENERALPUBLIC& POLICYMAKER
7. To SUGGEST POLICIES & PROCEDURES to maintain ADEQUATE &
COMPETENT STAFF
8. To DEVELOP & MAINTAIN an effective system of CLINICAL
&ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS& REPORTS
9. To HARNESS growth of MEDICAL SCIENCE,by PROPERTRAINING of
DOCTORS & NURSES in large training hospitals
10. To CREATE& DEVELOPFINANCIAL PLAN for the OPERATIONOF
HOSPITAL

6. 11. To provide facilities for continuing EDUCATION of all the people
12. To PARTICIPATE & IMPLEMENT SAFETYPROGRAMMES ofHOSPITAL
13. To INITIATE, UTILIZE & PARTICIPATE in RESEARCHPROJECTS,aimed at
IMPROVEMENT of PATIENT CARE,and other hospitalservices……………………….

7. CLASSIFICATIONOF HOSPITALS
Classification ismainlybased on :
1. CLINICALGROUNDS
2. NON-CLINICALGROUNDS
3. SIZE
4. COST
5. SYSTEMOF MEDICINE
Clinical Basis

8. I. BASED ON CLINICAL BASIS
Clinical Basis
Clinical-Basis
Medicine
1. Paediatirics
2. Psychlatric and Nervous diseases
3. TB
4. General Medicine
Surgery
1. Orthopaedic
2. Gyanaecology
3. ENT
Maternity
1. Short-term
2. Long-term
Non-Clinical Basis
Governmental
Non-Governmental

9. II. BASED ON SIZE
CLASSIFIED AS :
A. LARGEHOSPITALS: Beds:1000 and above
B. MEDIUM HOSPITALS: Beds: 500-1000
C. SMALLHOSPITALS: Beds:100-500
D. VERYSMALLHOSPITALS: Beds:lessthan 100

10. III. BASED ON COST
Classified as
A. Elite Hospitals
-Consist of HIGH TECHNOLOGY& MEDICALSCIENCEADVANCEMENTS
-Comprise DELUXEROOMS, with T.V, TELEPHONES & REFRIGERATOR
- Room rate :Rs.500-1,200/ day
- Also known as“5-STAR HOSPITALS”
- Example :APOLLO HOSPITAL
B. Budget Hospital
Meant for MODERATE-LOW BUDGETpeople (Example: CHARITABLE &
CIVIL HOSPITALS)

11. IV BASED ON THE SYSTEM OF
MEDICINE
Classified as
A. ALLOPATHIC HOSPITALS
B. AYURVEDIC HOSPITALS
C. HOMEOPATHIC HOSPITALS
D. UNANI HOSPITALS

12. ORGANIZATION OF HOSPITALS
1. ORGANIZATION is defined as “A DYNAMIC PROCESS, in which various
MANAGERIAL ACTIVITIES bring & bind people together, for the ACHIEVEMENT
of COMMON GOALS &OBJECTIVES”
2. Most important BODY of a hospital is the GOVERNING BODY/ BOARD OF
DIRECTORS/BOARD OFTRUSTEES
3. GOVERNING BODY Consistsof variouseminentpersonalitiesinthefield of :
a. MEDICALEDUCATION
b. RESEARCH
c. ADMINISTRATION
d.POLITICS(Optional)
4. Functionof GOVERNING BODY isto FRAME allmajorPOLICIES,PLANS&
PROGRAMMES ofhospital
5.GOVERNING BODY Appoints aHOSPITALADMINISTRATOR to get various functions
performed like CLINICALSERVICES,NURSING, PHARMACY SERVICES, etc

13. SERVICES PERFORMED BY HOSPITAL
ORGANIZATION
A.Nursing Services:
Largest part of a hospital
Functions all 24 hours
Nurses ---------assigned specific number of beds---
have to give personal attention to patients
Nurses are trained for Prenatal care, Observation,
Patient comfort during labour etc.
Nursing director is the in-charge of nursing services

14. B.OUT-PATIENT SERVICES
- Focus on COMFORT for OUT-PATIENTS,asthe approach
formajor/minor illnesses
- These services makea hospital an IDEALCOMMUNITY
INSTITUTION
- Hospital isduty-bound to provide DIAGNOSTIC,
PREVENTIVE & CURATIVE measures to the OUT-
PATIENTS

15. C.RADIOLOGICALSERVICES:
- Performed under directionof acompetent RADIOLOGIST
- CHIEFRADIOLOGIST assistedbyvarious TECHNICIANS
- Servicesinclude UTILIZATIONof EQUIPMENTS like:
a. SONOGRAPHY
b. X-RAY
c. ECG
d. CT-SCAN, etc……………

16. D.CENTRALSUPPLYSERVICES:
- Refersto MEDICAL& SURGICALSUPPLYSERVICES
- Meant for DIAGNOSIS,TREATMENT,PREVENTION,
EDUCATION & RESEARCH
- Involvestheir COLLECTION, PROCESSING,STORAGE&
ISSUANCEagainst
proper INDENTFORM
- Qualified & skilled staffpersonnel areresponsible forits
maintenance…………………

17. E.HOSPITALPHARMACY SERVICES:
- ControlsPHARMACY OPERATION in anyhospital
- FILLSPRESCRIPTION& no.of NECESSITIESfrom wards
- Functionsbegin from DRUG PROCUREMENT to DISTRIBUTIONto I.Pand
O.P
- Responsiblefor :
a. PROPER DRUGDELIVERY
b. INFORMATION SYSTEM
c. DRUG STORAGE
d. MANUFACTURE
e. STERILIZATION
f. ADVICINGPATIENTON DRUGUSE

18. F.MEDICALRECORD SERVICES:
- VALUABLEMATERIALS,astheyhelp MEDICAL& PARA-MEDICAL
STAFFfor EVALUATION
- Also used for EDUCATION, RESEARCH& TRAINING
- Consistsof :
a. PatientHistory
b. Lab- TestReports
c.PhysicalExamination Details
d.Physican’sAdvice,Etc.
- Itismandatory to storemedical records properlyto FACILITATEEASYACCESS on
requirement…………………..

19. 7.STORE SERVICES:
- RECEIVE,STORE& ISSUEmaterialsagainstREQUISITIONFORMS of
various DEPARTMENTS & WARDS
- Hospital consistsof:
a. MEDICALSTORE
b. STOREFOR GENERALITEMS
c. SURGICALSTORES,etc
- Maintain aBUFFERSTOCKof certain materials,including LIFE-SAVING
DRUGS…………………….

20. 8.MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES:
- Aimed atoverall BENEFIT& PATIENTCARE
- Include:
a. DIETARYSERVICES
b. AMBULATORYSERVICES
c. LAUNDRYSERVICES
d. TRANSPORTSERVICES
e. MORTUARYSERVICES
f. LIBRARYSERVICES………………………….

21. MANAGEMENTOFTHEHOSPITAL
OBJECTIVE OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
1.Adequate stock of items required but at the same time
it should not be too much in quantity to avoid wastage.
2.Resources available are used most effectively and
drugs for stores should be purchased at the most
economical price.

22. PROCEDURE
Determine the categories of stock required
Procure the items of good quality
Receive the items according to the quality & quantity
Received items are stored properly
Develop a good control on the inventory
Develop a proper distribution system of drugs

23. STOREMANAGEMENT
Functions of Stores:
1.Receipt of stores
2.Storage
3.Issue of materials
4.Documentation

24. Objective of Inventory Control Management
1.Reduce the investment in inventories which are not required
2.Minimize the wastage of time by of time by avoiding “out of
stock” situation
Number of Techniques are available for inventory control
A. ABC analysis
B. Codification and standardization
C. Determination of re-order quantities with special attention to
EOQ-Minimum-Maximum stocks
D. Study of life cycle of each item

25. Thank You