This document provides a history of cryptography from ancient times to the modern era. It describes early encryption methods like the Caesar cipher and scytale cipher used by ancient Greeks and Romans. During the Middle Ages, encryption became more sophisticated with ciphers like the Vigenère cipher. In modern times, encryption machines like the Enigma were developed during World War I and public-key cryptography was invented, including the RSA cipher. The document outlines the evolution of encryption methods and key developments in cryptography history.
The document provides a history of cryptography from ancient times to modern day. It describes early manual encryption techniques used by ancient Greeks and Romans. In the Middle Ages, Arabic scholar Al-Kindi developed frequency analysis to break ciphers. During the Renaissance period, the polyalphabetic cipher was introduced. In World War 1 and 2, mechanical encryption machines like the Enigma and SIGABA were widely used. Modern cryptography began with Claude Shannon's mathematical foundations and the introduction of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) in the 1970s. Public key cryptography was then introduced in the 1970s through Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
The document discusses the history and evolution of cryptography. It describes early cryptography techniques like the Caesar cipher and transposition ciphers. The development of frequency analysis allowed cryptanalysis of these classical ciphers. The polyalphabetic cipher was developed in the 15th century in response and provided more security until modern times. The document outlines the progression of cryptography from ancient times to its importance today in ensuring privacy, security and integrity.
Cryptography is the process of encrypting and decrypting messages between senders and receivers to maintain integrity, secrecy and protect confidential information. It has a long history dating back to ancient Egypt and is now widely used with both symmetric and asymmetric encryption methods. While some countries have restrictions on cryptography, it is legal and commonly used to protect passwords, online transactions, and communication. When implemented properly, cryptography can securely protect data even if a system is compromised, as was seen when Adobe's encrypted data remained secure despite a data breach.
EMV in the U.S.: Putting It into Perspective for Merchants and Financial Inst...- Mark - Fullbright
All product and company names mentioned herein are for identification and educational purposes only and are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners.
Introduction to cryptography. Using Caesar cipher and Vigenere Cipher help Phineas and Ferb to hide their idea from Candace. And finally quick explanation of RSA encryption technique.
company names mentioned herein are for identification and educational purposes only and are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners.
The document provides a history of cryptography from ancient times to modern day. It describes early manual encryption techniques used by ancient Greeks and Romans. In the Middle Ages, Arabic scholar Al-Kindi developed frequency analysis to break ciphers. During the Renaissance period, the polyalphabetic cipher was introduced. In World War 1 and 2, mechanical encryption machines like the Enigma and SIGABA were widely used. Modern cryptography began with Claude Shannon's mathematical foundations and the introduction of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) in the 1970s. Public key cryptography was then introduced in the 1970s through Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
The document discusses the history and evolution of cryptography. It describes early cryptography techniques like the Caesar cipher and transposition ciphers. The development of frequency analysis allowed cryptanalysis of these classical ciphers. The polyalphabetic cipher was developed in the 15th century in response and provided more security until modern times. The document outlines the progression of cryptography from ancient times to its importance today in ensuring privacy, security and integrity.
Cryptography is the process of encrypting and decrypting messages between senders and receivers to maintain integrity, secrecy and protect confidential information. It has a long history dating back to ancient Egypt and is now widely used with both symmetric and asymmetric encryption methods. While some countries have restrictions on cryptography, it is legal and commonly used to protect passwords, online transactions, and communication. When implemented properly, cryptography can securely protect data even if a system is compromised, as was seen when Adobe's encrypted data remained secure despite a data breach.
EMV in the U.S.: Putting It into Perspective for Merchants and Financial Inst...- Mark - Fullbright
All product and company names mentioned herein are for identification and educational purposes only and are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners.
Introduction to cryptography. Using Caesar cipher and Vigenere Cipher help Phineas and Ferb to hide their idea from Candace. And finally quick explanation of RSA encryption technique.
company names mentioned herein are for identification and educational purposes only and are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners.
This document discusses various methods of substitution ciphers, beginning with the Caesar cipher. It explores more complex ciphers like the Vigenère cipher and the Playfair cipher. It also covers modern unbreakable ciphers like the one-time pad. In summary, substitution ciphers have evolved over time to provide greater security by incorporating words, symbols, and random keys.
Data Security on Computer Network and Telecommunication System Using Caesar C...Yekini Nureni
In this era of global communication where online communication through the use of computer network and telecommunication system has dominated the means of communication between people. The goal of privacy is very paramount. The numbers of people being connected to the communication system through their mobile phone, computer or any other e-communication tools are increasing day-by-day. Hence there is need to secure the communication networks from adversaries (third parties) between the sender and receivers. There are many aspects to security approach in data communication environment. One essential aspect for secure communications is that of cryptography, which the focus of this research is. We have developed stand-alone application software that implements cryptography using Caesar algorithms. This program can be implemented with chatting software or E-mail software to encrypt data. The algorithm was coded with Java programming language.
This document provides an overview of cryptography and encryption techniques. It discusses the basic cryptographic terms and historical background of cryptography. It then describes different cipher techniques including transposition cipher and substitution cipher. It also discusses conventional encryption algorithms such as DES, AES, and RSA. Symmetric key cryptography and public key cryptography are explained. The document also covers digital signatures, cryptanalysis, and cryptographic systems in general.
cryptography presentation this about how cryptography worksvimalguptaofficial
Cryptography is the process of encrypting information to hide its meaning and involves techniques like cipher systems that scramble letters and numbers. Different encryption methods have been used throughout history from simple substitution ciphers like the Caesar cipher used by Julius Caesar to modern techniques relying on complex mathematics. Alan Turing helped crack the German Enigma code during World War II by designing the bombe machine to determine the settings of the Enigma rotors and help decrypt messages.
This document provides an overview of cryptography from a historical and practical perspective. It discusses early crypto systems like the Scytale and Caesar cipher. Modern systems like the Enigma machine and the One-Time Pad are explained. It also summarizes public key cryptography pioneers like PGP and the "Crypto Wars" debates around government access to encrypted communications and privacy rights.
Cryptography is the practice of hiding information by converting intelligible data into unintelligible ciphertext, and back again. It provides confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. There are three eras of cryptography - manual using pen and paper, mechanical using cipher machines, and modern using computers. Encryption is converting plaintext to ciphertext while decryption is converting ciphertext back to plaintext. Symmetric cryptography uses a single shared key for encryption and decryption, while asymmetric cryptography uses public and private key pairs.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communications through techniques like encryption and decryption. It involves constructing algorithms to protect information from adversaries and ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. The main types are transposition ciphers, which rearrange letters, and substitution ciphers, which replace letters. Modern cryptography expanded with computers to encrypt any data and uses symmetric key cryptography, where senders and receivers share a key, and public key cryptography, where they have different keys. It has many applications including ATMs, email, remote access, and smart cards.
Cryptography involves encrypting information to ensure confidentiality, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation. The document discusses the history of cryptography from ancient methods like the Spartan Scytale to modern techniques like the RSA algorithm. It outlines ciphers like the Caesar cipher and Vigenere cipher, explaining how they work and can be broken through frequency analysis and determining the keyword length. The origins and workings of public key cryptography using prime number factorization with RSA is presented. Current cryptography is discussed with examples of its applications and the ongoing need to increase key lengths due to brute force attacks.
This document discusses cryptography and the Caesar cipher. It begins by defining cryptography as the encoding of messages to achieve secure communication and outlines its goals of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The document then describes the Caesar cipher technique, in which each letter is shifted a fixed number of positions in the alphabet. It provides an example of encrypting a message with a shift of 11. The document explains that the Caesar cipher is vulnerable to brute force and statistical cryptanalysis due to its small key space and predictable letter frequencies. It concludes that more advanced algorithms are needed for secure encryption in the digital age.
BEGINS FROM SCRATCH TO FUTURE METHODS OF CRYPTOGRAPHY. PROVIDES A DEEP INSIGHT INTO HISTORY,USES,APPLICATION,DIFFERENT TYPES AND METHODS OF CRYPTOGRAPHY. THANK YOU
This document presents an overview of cryptography including its definition, history, basic terms, classifications, techniques, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. Cryptography is defined as the art and science of achieving security by encoding messages. The earliest evidence of cryptography dates back 4000 years to ancient Egypt. Techniques covered include symmetric and asymmetric encryption, transposition ciphers, substitution ciphers, block ciphers, stream ciphers, hashing, and steganography. Advantages of cryptography include confidentiality, authentication, data integrity, and non-repudiation, while disadvantages include reduced accessibility and inability to ensure high availability. Cryptography has applications in defense, e-commerce, business transactions, internet payments, user identification, and data security.
An introductory presentation on cryptography. From ancient ciphers to modern public key encryption, it follows the evolution of a science and how it affects society.
This document provides an overview of RSA encryption. It discusses the history of cryptography from early ciphers like the Caesar cipher to the development of public-key cryptography. Researchers Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman developed the RSA algorithm in 1977, which introduced the first practical public-key encryption. The document then explains how the RSA algorithm works by generating a public and private key pair based on large prime numbers, and how encryption and decryption utilize these keys along with exponentiation and modulo arithmetic. Number theory concepts like Fermat's Little Theorem and Euler's Theorem are also discussed to explain why RSA provides a one-way function and ensures only the private key holder can decrypt messages.
This document provides an overview of cryptography and discusses the Enigma cipher machine in detail. It begins with a brief history of cryptography, including early examples from ancient civilizations. It then explains the basic concepts of codes and ciphers, as well as frequency analysis techniques used in cryptanalysis. The document focuses on the development and workings of the Enigma machine, including its rotors, plugboard, and other components. It discusses how Polish, French, and British cryptanalysts were eventually able to decrypt Enigma messages during World War II despite German efforts to strengthen the cipher.
Information Security Cryptography ( L03- Old Cryptography Algorithms )Anas Rock
This document discusses old encryption algorithms from the classical method of cryptography, including replacement algorithms, the Caesar cipher, Vigenere cipher, Atbash cipher, and Affine cipher. It also describes the Jefferson cylinder, one of the strongest encryption devices of the time which was nearly unbreakable without stealing the entire device.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communications and information by converting it into an unintelligible form called cipher text. Some key developments in cryptography include ancient methods like the Caesar cipher, the rise of cipher machines in World War 2 like the Enigma, the development of computerized cryptography with algorithms like DES and AES, and modern uses of public key cryptography and biometrics. Throughout its history, cryptography has evolved from a focus on simple substitution ciphers to the sophisticated mathematical algorithms used today to securely transmit information.
Encryption has a long history dating back to ancient times. Various methods were used throughout history including cipher wheels, the Enigma machine, and public/private key cryptography. Modern encryption uses algorithms to scramble data into an unreadable format called ciphertext that can only be decrypted by someone with the proper decryption key. Encryption provides critical security benefits like protecting data privacy and integrity and ensuring compliance with regulations. As technology advances, new encryption methods like elliptic curve cryptography and homomorphic encryption aim to make encryption even stronger and more versatile.
This document provides an introduction to cryptography and cryptanalysis. It contains a table of contents outlining the topics to be covered, which include the history and concepts of cryptography, symmetric and public key cryptosystems, cryptanalysis techniques, and applications of cryptography such as digital signatures and internet security protocols. The author thanks several people who provided input and acknowledges that any mistakes are their own. It also includes a crash course on basic number theory concepts relevant to cryptography.
This document provides an introduction and table of contents to cryptography. It discusses the main goals of cryptography which are confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. It then defines key vocabulary terms used in cryptography such as plaintext, ciphertext, encryption, decryption, stream ciphers, block ciphers, and cryptosystems. Finally, it provides a brief high-level history of cryptography mentioning examples from 400 BC Spartan sky tale cipher to Julius Caesar's substitution cipher.
The document summarizes cyber threat trends in 2018 according to a Symantec report. It saw a rise in formjacking attacks that steal payment card data, though cryptojacking activity declined along with cryptocurrency values. Ransomware infections decreased overall but rose for enterprises. Living off the land attacks using tools like PowerShell increased substantially. Targeted attacks grew more sophisticated with groups targeting operational systems and destructive malware.
The FBI is the lead federal agency for investigating malicious cyber activity by criminals, nation-state adversaries, and terrorists. To fulfill this mission, the FBI often develops resources to enhance operations and collaboration. One such resource is the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) which provides the public with a trustworthy and convenient mechanism for reporting information concerning suspected Internet-facilitated criminal activity. At the end of every year, the IC3 collates information collected into an annual report.
Credit is due to all original authors and no financial gain was made from the blog, Simply sharing an interesting story for educational purposes,
This document discusses various methods of substitution ciphers, beginning with the Caesar cipher. It explores more complex ciphers like the Vigenère cipher and the Playfair cipher. It also covers modern unbreakable ciphers like the one-time pad. In summary, substitution ciphers have evolved over time to provide greater security by incorporating words, symbols, and random keys.
Data Security on Computer Network and Telecommunication System Using Caesar C...Yekini Nureni
In this era of global communication where online communication through the use of computer network and telecommunication system has dominated the means of communication between people. The goal of privacy is very paramount. The numbers of people being connected to the communication system through their mobile phone, computer or any other e-communication tools are increasing day-by-day. Hence there is need to secure the communication networks from adversaries (third parties) between the sender and receivers. There are many aspects to security approach in data communication environment. One essential aspect for secure communications is that of cryptography, which the focus of this research is. We have developed stand-alone application software that implements cryptography using Caesar algorithms. This program can be implemented with chatting software or E-mail software to encrypt data. The algorithm was coded with Java programming language.
This document provides an overview of cryptography and encryption techniques. It discusses the basic cryptographic terms and historical background of cryptography. It then describes different cipher techniques including transposition cipher and substitution cipher. It also discusses conventional encryption algorithms such as DES, AES, and RSA. Symmetric key cryptography and public key cryptography are explained. The document also covers digital signatures, cryptanalysis, and cryptographic systems in general.
cryptography presentation this about how cryptography worksvimalguptaofficial
Cryptography is the process of encrypting information to hide its meaning and involves techniques like cipher systems that scramble letters and numbers. Different encryption methods have been used throughout history from simple substitution ciphers like the Caesar cipher used by Julius Caesar to modern techniques relying on complex mathematics. Alan Turing helped crack the German Enigma code during World War II by designing the bombe machine to determine the settings of the Enigma rotors and help decrypt messages.
This document provides an overview of cryptography from a historical and practical perspective. It discusses early crypto systems like the Scytale and Caesar cipher. Modern systems like the Enigma machine and the One-Time Pad are explained. It also summarizes public key cryptography pioneers like PGP and the "Crypto Wars" debates around government access to encrypted communications and privacy rights.
Cryptography is the practice of hiding information by converting intelligible data into unintelligible ciphertext, and back again. It provides confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. There are three eras of cryptography - manual using pen and paper, mechanical using cipher machines, and modern using computers. Encryption is converting plaintext to ciphertext while decryption is converting ciphertext back to plaintext. Symmetric cryptography uses a single shared key for encryption and decryption, while asymmetric cryptography uses public and private key pairs.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communications through techniques like encryption and decryption. It involves constructing algorithms to protect information from adversaries and ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. The main types are transposition ciphers, which rearrange letters, and substitution ciphers, which replace letters. Modern cryptography expanded with computers to encrypt any data and uses symmetric key cryptography, where senders and receivers share a key, and public key cryptography, where they have different keys. It has many applications including ATMs, email, remote access, and smart cards.
Cryptography involves encrypting information to ensure confidentiality, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation. The document discusses the history of cryptography from ancient methods like the Spartan Scytale to modern techniques like the RSA algorithm. It outlines ciphers like the Caesar cipher and Vigenere cipher, explaining how they work and can be broken through frequency analysis and determining the keyword length. The origins and workings of public key cryptography using prime number factorization with RSA is presented. Current cryptography is discussed with examples of its applications and the ongoing need to increase key lengths due to brute force attacks.
This document discusses cryptography and the Caesar cipher. It begins by defining cryptography as the encoding of messages to achieve secure communication and outlines its goals of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The document then describes the Caesar cipher technique, in which each letter is shifted a fixed number of positions in the alphabet. It provides an example of encrypting a message with a shift of 11. The document explains that the Caesar cipher is vulnerable to brute force and statistical cryptanalysis due to its small key space and predictable letter frequencies. It concludes that more advanced algorithms are needed for secure encryption in the digital age.
BEGINS FROM SCRATCH TO FUTURE METHODS OF CRYPTOGRAPHY. PROVIDES A DEEP INSIGHT INTO HISTORY,USES,APPLICATION,DIFFERENT TYPES AND METHODS OF CRYPTOGRAPHY. THANK YOU
This document presents an overview of cryptography including its definition, history, basic terms, classifications, techniques, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. Cryptography is defined as the art and science of achieving security by encoding messages. The earliest evidence of cryptography dates back 4000 years to ancient Egypt. Techniques covered include symmetric and asymmetric encryption, transposition ciphers, substitution ciphers, block ciphers, stream ciphers, hashing, and steganography. Advantages of cryptography include confidentiality, authentication, data integrity, and non-repudiation, while disadvantages include reduced accessibility and inability to ensure high availability. Cryptography has applications in defense, e-commerce, business transactions, internet payments, user identification, and data security.
An introductory presentation on cryptography. From ancient ciphers to modern public key encryption, it follows the evolution of a science and how it affects society.
This document provides an overview of RSA encryption. It discusses the history of cryptography from early ciphers like the Caesar cipher to the development of public-key cryptography. Researchers Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman developed the RSA algorithm in 1977, which introduced the first practical public-key encryption. The document then explains how the RSA algorithm works by generating a public and private key pair based on large prime numbers, and how encryption and decryption utilize these keys along with exponentiation and modulo arithmetic. Number theory concepts like Fermat's Little Theorem and Euler's Theorem are also discussed to explain why RSA provides a one-way function and ensures only the private key holder can decrypt messages.
This document provides an overview of cryptography and discusses the Enigma cipher machine in detail. It begins with a brief history of cryptography, including early examples from ancient civilizations. It then explains the basic concepts of codes and ciphers, as well as frequency analysis techniques used in cryptanalysis. The document focuses on the development and workings of the Enigma machine, including its rotors, plugboard, and other components. It discusses how Polish, French, and British cryptanalysts were eventually able to decrypt Enigma messages during World War II despite German efforts to strengthen the cipher.
Information Security Cryptography ( L03- Old Cryptography Algorithms )Anas Rock
This document discusses old encryption algorithms from the classical method of cryptography, including replacement algorithms, the Caesar cipher, Vigenere cipher, Atbash cipher, and Affine cipher. It also describes the Jefferson cylinder, one of the strongest encryption devices of the time which was nearly unbreakable without stealing the entire device.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communications and information by converting it into an unintelligible form called cipher text. Some key developments in cryptography include ancient methods like the Caesar cipher, the rise of cipher machines in World War 2 like the Enigma, the development of computerized cryptography with algorithms like DES and AES, and modern uses of public key cryptography and biometrics. Throughout its history, cryptography has evolved from a focus on simple substitution ciphers to the sophisticated mathematical algorithms used today to securely transmit information.
Encryption has a long history dating back to ancient times. Various methods were used throughout history including cipher wheels, the Enigma machine, and public/private key cryptography. Modern encryption uses algorithms to scramble data into an unreadable format called ciphertext that can only be decrypted by someone with the proper decryption key. Encryption provides critical security benefits like protecting data privacy and integrity and ensuring compliance with regulations. As technology advances, new encryption methods like elliptic curve cryptography and homomorphic encryption aim to make encryption even stronger and more versatile.
This document provides an introduction to cryptography and cryptanalysis. It contains a table of contents outlining the topics to be covered, which include the history and concepts of cryptography, symmetric and public key cryptosystems, cryptanalysis techniques, and applications of cryptography such as digital signatures and internet security protocols. The author thanks several people who provided input and acknowledges that any mistakes are their own. It also includes a crash course on basic number theory concepts relevant to cryptography.
This document provides an introduction and table of contents to cryptography. It discusses the main goals of cryptography which are confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. It then defines key vocabulary terms used in cryptography such as plaintext, ciphertext, encryption, decryption, stream ciphers, block ciphers, and cryptosystems. Finally, it provides a brief high-level history of cryptography mentioning examples from 400 BC Spartan sky tale cipher to Julius Caesar's substitution cipher.
The document summarizes cyber threat trends in 2018 according to a Symantec report. It saw a rise in formjacking attacks that steal payment card data, though cryptojacking activity declined along with cryptocurrency values. Ransomware infections decreased overall but rose for enterprises. Living off the land attacks using tools like PowerShell increased substantially. Targeted attacks grew more sophisticated with groups targeting operational systems and destructive malware.
The FBI is the lead federal agency for investigating malicious cyber activity by criminals, nation-state adversaries, and terrorists. To fulfill this mission, the FBI often develops resources to enhance operations and collaboration. One such resource is the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) which provides the public with a trustworthy and convenient mechanism for reporting information concerning suspected Internet-facilitated criminal activity. At the end of every year, the IC3 collates information collected into an annual report.
Credit is due to all original authors and no financial gain was made from the blog, Simply sharing an interesting story for educational purposes,
This guide aims to help journalists understand their rights at protests and avoid arrest when reporting on these events. It summarizes the legal landscape and provides strategies and tools to help journalists avoid incidents with police and navigate them successfully should they arise. Credit RCFP.Org
Credit is due to all original authors and no financial gain was made from the blog, Simply sharing an interesting story for educational purposes,
Verizon Publishes 2020 Data Breach Investigation Report (DBIR) With Insights From Thousands of Confirmed Breaches. Verizon's 2020 Data Breach Investigations Report (DBIR) is the most extensive yet, with 81 contributing organizations, and more than 32,000 incidents analyzed (of which 3,950 were confirmed breaches). Credit:Verizon
Credit is due to all original authors and no financial gain was made from the report, Simply sharing an interesting story for educational purposes,
A Resource Guide to theU.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
Credit is due to all original authors and no financial gain was made from the report, Simply sharing an interesting story for educational purposes,
The FTC takes in reports from consumers about problems they experience in the marketplace. The reportsare stored in the Consumer Sentinel Network (Sentinel), a secure online database available only to lawenforcement. While the FTC does not intervene in individual consumer disputes, its law enforcementpartners – whether they are down the street, across the nation, or around the world – can use informationin the database to spot trends, identify questionable business practices and targets, and enforce the law.
Credit is due to all original authors and no financial gain was made from the report, Simply sharing an interesting story for educational purposes,
Below is a list of consumer reporting companies updated for 2019.1 Consumer reporting companies collect information and provide reports to other companies about you. These companies use these reports to inform decisions about providing you with credit, employment, residential rental housing, insurance, and in other decision making situations. The list below includes the three nationwide consumer reporting companies and several other reporting companies that focus on certain market areas and consumer segments. The list gives you tips so you can determine which of these companies may be important to you. It also makes it easier for you to take advantage of your legal rights to (1) obtain the information in your consumer reports, and (2) dispute suspected inaccuracies in your reports with companies as needed.
Advisory to Financial Institutions on Illicit Financial Schemes and Methods R...- Mark - Fullbright
Transnational criminal organizations (TCOs), foreign fentanyl suppliers, and Internet purchasers located in the United States engage in the trafficking of fentanyl, fentanyl analogues, and other synthetic opioids and the subsequent laundering of the proceeds from such illegal sales.
The mission of the IC3 is to provide the public with a reliable and convenient reporting mechanism to submit information to the FBI concerning suspected Internet-facilitated criminal activity, and to develop effective alliances with industry partners. Information is analyzed and disseminated for investigative and intelligence purposes, for law enforcement, and for public awareness.
Credit is due to all original authors and no financial gain was made from the report, Simply sharing an interesting story for educational purposes,
This report is built upon analysis of 41,686 security incidents, of which 2,013 were confirmed data breaches. We will take a look at how results are changing (or not) over the years as well as digging into the overall threat landscape and the actors, actions, and assets that are present in breaches. Windows into the most common pairs of threat actions and affected assets also are provided.
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC or Commission) is an independent U.S. law enforcement agency charged with protecting consumers and enhancing competition across broad sectors of the economy. The FTC’s primary legal authority comes from Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, which prohibits unfair or deceptive practices in the marketplace. The FTC also has authority to enforce a variety of sector specific laws, including the Truth in Lending Act, the CAN-SPAM Act, the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, and the Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act. This broad authority allows the Commission
to address a wide array of practices affecting consumers, including those that emerge with the development of new technologies and business models.
Sentinel sorts consumer reports into 29 top categories. Appendices B1 – B3 describe the categories,providing details, and three year figures. To reflect marketplace changes, new categories or subcategories are created or deleted over time.The Consumer Sentinel Network Data Book excludes the National Do Not Call Registry. A separate report about these complaint statistics is available at: https://www.ftc.gov/reports/national-do-not-call-registry-data-book-fiscal-year-2018. The Sentinel Data Book also excludes reports about unsolicited commercial email.Consumers can report as much or as little detail as they wish when they file a report. For the Sentinel Data Book graphics, percentages are based on the total number of Sentinel fraud, identity theft, and other report types in 2018 in which consumers provided the information displayed on each chart.Reports to Sentinel sometimes indicate money was lost, and sometimes indicate no money was lost.Often, people make these reports after they experience something problematic in the marketplace,avoid losing any money, and wish to alert others. Except where otherwise stated, numbers are based on reports both from people who indicated a loss and people who did not.Calculations of dollar amounts lost are based on reports in which consumers indicated they lost between $1 and $999,999. Prior to 2017, reported “amount paid” included values of $0 to $999,999.States and Metropolitan Areas are ranked based on the number of reports per 100,000 population.State rankings are based on 2017 U.S. Census population estimates (Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2017). Metropolitan Area rankings are based on 2016 U.S. Census population estimates (Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2016).This Sentinel Data Book identifies Metropolitan Areas (Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas)with a population of 100,000 or more except where otherwise noted. Metropolitan areas are defined by Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, “Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas” (July 15, 2015). Numbers change over time. The Sentinel Data Book sorts consumer reports by year, based on the date of the consumer’s report. Some data contributors transfer their complaints to Sentinel after the end of the calendar year, and new data providers often contribute reports from prior years. As a result, the total number of reports for 2018 will likely change during the next few months, and totals from previous years may differ from prior Consumer Sentinel Network Data Books. The most up to date information can be found online at ftc.gov/data
A credit score is a three -digit number that predicts how likely you are to pay back a loan on time, based on information from your credit reports.
Company names mentioned herein are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners and are for educational purposes only.
Company names mentioned herein are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners and are for educational purposes only. - Medical identity theft has existed in various forms for decades, but it was in 2006 that World Privacy Forum published the first major report about the crime. The report called for medical data breach notification laws and more research about medical identity theft and its impacts. Since that time, medical data breach notification laws have been enacted, and other progress has been made, particularly in the quality of consumer complaint datasets gathered around identity theft, including medical forms of the crime. This report uses new data arising from consumer medical identity theft complaint reporting and medical data breach reporting to analyze and document the geography of medical identity theft and its growth patterns. The report also discusses new aspects of consumer harm resulting from the crime that the data has brought to light
The FTC takes in reports from consumers about problems they experience in the marketplace. The reports are stored in the Consumer Sentinel Network (Sentinel), a secure online database available only to law enforcement. While the FTC does not intervene in individual consumer disputes, its law enforcement partners – whether they are down the street, across the nation, or around the world – can use information in the database to spot trends, identify questionable business practices and targets, and enforce the law.
Since 1997, Sentinel has collected tens of millions of reports from consumers about fraud, identity theft, and other consumer protection topics. During 2017, Sentinel received nearly 2.7 million consumer reports, which the FTC has sorted into 30 top categories. The 2017 Consumer Sentinel Network Data Book (Sentinel Data Book) has a vibrant new look, and a lot more information about what consumers told us last year. You'll know more about how much money people lost in the aggregate, the median amount they paid, and what frauds were most costly. And you'll know much more about complaints of identity theft, fraud, and other types of problems in each state, too. The Sentinel Data Book is based on unverified reports filed by consumers. The data is not based on a consumer survey. Sentinel has a five-year data retention policy, with reports older than five years purged biannually.
This guide addresses the steps to take once a
breach has occured. For advice on implementing a
plan to protect consumers’ personal information, to
prevent breaches and unauthorized access, check
out the FTC’s Protecting Personal Information: A
Guide for Business and Start with Security: A Guide
for Business.
*Company names mentioned herein are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners and are for educational purposes only.
Consumer Sentinel Network Data Book for January 2016 - December 2016- Mark - Fullbright
FTC Consumer Sentinel Network Law enforcement's source for consumer complaints.
All information, data, and material contained, presented, or provided on is for educational purposes only.
Company names mentioned herein are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners.
It is not to be construed or intended as providing legal advice.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.