ADVENT OF EUROPEAN Rise of Renaissance Prince Henry of Portugal-Navigator Arrival of the Portuguese Vasco da gama zamorins Nino Da Cunha Portuguese Costs in india Advantages for Portuguese Decline of Portuguese rule Entry of English into India Entry of Danes into India Anglo French Rivalry Reason for English SUccess

1. ADVENT OF EUROPEAN
(PORTUGUESE, DUTCH,
ENGLISH, DANES, FRENCH)

2. Why Do European Need A New Sea
Root to India?
• Roman Empire declined in the 7th century
• The Arabs rose their domination in Egypt and
Persia (in middle east)
• Ottoman Turks became the biggest power by
1453
• The Red sea trade route was a state of
monopoly from which Islamic rulers earned
tremendous revenue.

3. Rise of Renaissance
• Europe (Portugal & Spain) made great
advancement in Ship building & Navigation
• Europeans are also getting advancement in
crop-rotation, improved plough, increased
supply of meat.
• Venice and genoa was under the control of
Turks
• Christendom’s rule of Portugal resisted the
Islamic power.

4. Prince Henry of Portugal-Navigator
• Obsession to explore the sea
• Circumvent the Muslim Domination
• Spread Christianity far & Wide
• Pope Nichols's V gave ‘a bull’ in 1454.
• He died without full filling his dream

5. Arrival of the Portuguese in India
• 1487-Bartholomew Diaz rounded cape of
good hope
• 1498- Vasco da gama reached calicut with the
help of gujarati Abdul Majid.
• 1500-Petro Alvarez cabral reached calicut
• 1501-Vasco da gama came again, got into
friendly treaties with zamorins established
trading posts at cannanore, calicut and cochin
in kerala.

7. Expansion of the Portuguese rule in India
• Portuguese king started appointing Governors in
India
1505- Francisco de Almeida
- To consolidate portugues trade and destroy
Muslim trade
- Initially defeated by Egyptian and Gujarati
together.
- Later took revenge to make portuguese the
master of indian ocean. Policy was called BLUE
WATER POLICY

8. 1509- Alfonso De Albuquerque
• The one who established real power of
portugese across the indian ocean
• Introduced permit system for ship to enter
indian ocean
• Acquired goa from sultan of Bijapur in 1510
• Encouraged Portugese men to take indian
wives and settle in india
• Introduction to tobacco, scientific irrigation
system, build roads and churches

9. Arrival of the poruguese in india
• 1529- Nino Da Cunha
-Shifted headquarters from Cochin to Goa
- Helped Gujarati to fight the Mughals. Got
Bassein and diu as reward
- Expanded to east in bengal with hoogly as its
headquarters

10. Portuguese Costs in india
• Trading post
- Mangalore
- Cannonore
-Calicut
-Cochin
-San Thome in Chennai
- Nagapattnam in AP
- Hoogly in Bengal

11. Advantages for Portuguese
• Excellence ships, navy with cannons compared
to other small kingdoms
• Egypt and Middle east lacked timber and
couldn’t build ships.
• No other super powers. Chinese restricted
themselves to enter India
• Knowledge of the sea, maps, excellent
tradesmen, governors

13. Decline of Portuguese rule