2. Transplanting organs, replace old worn-out
organs with healthier ones, has long been a
dream in medicine.
An organ transplant is a surgical operation in
which a failing or damaged organ in the human
body is removed and replacing with a
functioning one. The donated organ may be from
a deceased donor, a living donor or an animal. In
some cases an artificial organ is used.
3. Several attempts were made in 1901 in
Vienna, where investigators tried to
transplant kidneys in dogs, pigs, goats, and
calves. The exercise turned out to be purely
technical due to the lack of understanding of
vascular surgical techniques, organ
preservation, and immunosuppression.
4. In 1902, Dr. Alexis Carrel developed the technique of
vascular suturing that in principle is still in practice
today.
In 1933, the first real attempt at transplanting a
human kidney to a human patient was done by Dr.
YuYu Voronoy in Russia No immunosuppression was
given. The kidney never functioned.
5. The first recorded event in which a transplanted
kidney functioned was in 1951 by Dr. Küss .
In 1954 at Brigham Hospital in Boston, Dr.
Joseph Murray performed the first successful
human kidney transplant.
Dr. Joseph Murray and Dr. E. Donnall Thomas
received the Nobel Prize for the development of
clinical transplantation in 1990.
6. Once surgeons had streamlined the process of
transplanting essential organs -- heart,
kidneys, liver and lungs -- they turned their
focus to "nonessential" parts of the body.
In the late 1990s, surgeons in Lyon, France,
and New Zealand performed the first
successful hand transplants. The next step
was to attempt a face transplant.
7. • In 2010 spanish doctors conducted the world’s first full face
transplant on a man injured in a shooting accident.
• Washkansky, a South African grocer dying from chronic heart
disease, received the transplant . Surgeon Christiaan Barnard, who
trained at the University of Cape Town and in the United States,
performed the revolutionary medical operation.
8. • Dr. James Hardy performed the first human lung transplant in
1963 in Jackson Mississippi.
• The first human liver transplant was performed in 1963 by a
surgical team led by Dr. Thomas Starzl of Denver, Colorado,
United States.
9. Questions
•What kind of animals had been
used to experiment on first
transplants?
•Who was the first doctor that made
a successful transplant?
