Henry Ford was an American industrialist and founder of Ford Motor Company. In 1908, he introduced the Model T, which became the first affordable automobile for middle-class Americans due to Ford's use of the assembly line for mass production. Ford developed the moving assembly line where workers remained stationary while parts moved down the line, allowing each worker to specialize in a single repeated task. This revolutionary technique dramatically reduced production costs and time, increasing profits. By 1914, Ford could produce a car every 93 minutes and pay workers $5 per day, more than doubling the company's profits.

1. Submitted By : Submitted To :
Rupam Priya Mr. Ankur Makhija
Sanvee Readlan Asstt. Professor
Shubham Kumar
Shubham Singh
Srishti Kumari
DFT - V

2. INTRODUCTION
 American industrialist
 Founder of Ford Motor Company
 Developed the assembly line technique for mass production
Henry Ford
“Everything can always be done better than it is being
done now!”
- Henry Ford

3. A YOUNG ENGINEER IN MAKING
 1891 to 1899 - worked as a mechanical engineer with the Edison Illuminating
Company in Detroit
 Worked part-time to develop a propelled vehicle named Quadri-cycle.
 It was supposed to be an advanced transportation system that would help people travel
faster.

4. FORD MOTORS CO.
 Henry Ford - wanted to start his own factory to manufacture
automobiles
 Tasted failure twice at the beginning
 1903 - the Ford company was incorporated - stationed in
the Detroit area
 1908 - Henry Ford’s dream became reality - first Model T (Tin
Lizzie) was introduced

5.  Henry Ford - opened another factory at Highland Park, Michigan in the early 1910
 Ford Motor Company - became one of the biggest industrial entity in the United
States
 By 1924 - more than 10 million Model T cars had been sold - Detroit became the
auto-making capital of America
FORD MOTORS CO.

6. THE MODEL TIN LIZZIE
 Model T – ushered in a new era of transportation industry
 Everyone wanted it - easy to operate, maintain and handle even on rough roads.
 Model T - such a big hit that almost half of the United States owned one by 1918.
 Model T – had great demand in market

7. Assembly Line : The Idea
 Concept – From the overhead trolley which Chicago beef packers used
- Stock yard – butchers removed certain cuts as each carcass passed by until
nothing was left
- Ford reversed the process
 Complication – parts were made on sub-assembly lines – had to be fed accordingly into the
main process
 Timing – crucial to the concept
 Testing of 1st moving assembly line – showed a saving of 6 minutes & 50 seconds over the
old method
 Experimentation with work slides, rollways, conveyor belts etc.
 Endless chain driven conveyor – to move chassis from one work-station to another –
workers remained stationary
 Man-high line – all the parts and belts at waist level – workers could repeat their assigned
tasks with minimum movement of feet

8.  Ford's solution was to invent a
moving industrial production line
 By installing a moving belt in his
factory, employees would be able
to build cars one piece at a time,
instead of one car at a time.
 This principle, called "division of
labor," allowed workers to focus on
doing one thing very well, rather
than being responsible for a
number of tasks.
HOW TO INCREASE PRODUCTION

9. THE ASSEMBLY LINE
 Development & installation of assembly
line – to produce Model T in much less
time & inexpensively
 Technique of mass production -
revolutionized American industry - evolved
the usage of large production plants –
standardization of process flow –
introduction of interchangeable parts –
aided through a moving assembly line
 In 1913, ford came with first moving
assembly line for large-scale
manufacturing
 New technique - allowed individual
workers to stay in one place and perform
the same task repeatedly on multiple
vehicles that passed by them

10. ASSEMBLY LINE : IMPACTS
 Implementing the assembly line –
dramatic decrease in costs
 Made it possible for an average
American to afford a car
 Made sure that the price of Model T
never increased
 Price : 1909 - $1200 ; 1928 - $295
 Significant decrease in time taken per
vehicle for manufacturing
 Production time for a single car dropped
from over 12 hours to just 93 minutes
due to the introduction of the assembly
line.
 1928 – almost 1 car produced per 24
seconds

11.  Increased profit margin for the company
 Use of interchangeable parts - continuous work flow - more time on task by laborers
 Worker specialization - less waste and higher quality of the end product
 1912 - Ford produced 82,388 units of the Model T due to automobile assembly line
production
 1914 – 13,000 workers produced 2,60,720 cars - priced at $600 each
- rest of the industry – 66,350 workers – produced 2,86,770 cars
 Total number of units manufactured - more than by all other manufacturers combined.
 Assembly line - other industries adopted this idea - decreased their production costs
 He cut the work day down to eight hours, enabling the company to employ three shifts
around the clock.
ASSEMBLY LINE : IMPACTS

12. THE 5 DOLLAR DAY EXPERIMENT
 January 5, 1914 - Henry Ford announced a minimum 5 dollar salary for all eligible
employees working 8 hours per day
 Perceived as a profit-sharing plan - motivated employees to adopt efficient and
productive habits
 Workers - viewed Ford as a friend
 Businessmen - viewed Ford's idea as reckless
 Ford’s beliefs - proved his critics false
 Company's profits - doubled from $30 million to $60 million between 1914 and 1916
 Revolutionary - focused on worker morale to increase efficiency and productivity

13. References
 Henry Ford. Retrieved from U-S-History.com
 The Henry Ford Story. Retrieved from : Ford.co.uk
 Pioneers of Industrial Engineering. Retrieved from : Institute of Industrial & Systems
Engineers
 Henry Ford & Innovation. Retrieved from : TheHenryFord.org
 Henry Ford. Retrieved from : Michigan State University
 Greatest Business Stories of All Time. Retrieved from : John Wiley & Sons, Inc
 Henry Ford. May 2012. Retrieved from : American Society of Mechanical Engineers
 Henry Ford. Retrieved from : History.com
 York M.J. Henry Ford : Manufacturing Mogul. ABDO Publishers. Retrieved from Google
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