The document discusses India's health care delivery system. It outlines the objectives of providing universal access to preventative, curative, and restorative care. The system has three levels - primary, secondary, and tertiary. The primary level includes sub-centers and primary health centers staffed by health workers, assistants, and medical officers. They provide basic services. Secondary levels include community health centers with specialists and diagnostic services. Tertiary levels have district and specialty hospitals. The system also involves private providers, indigenous medicine, and national health programs.
Primary health centers are the corner stone of rural health services .
It act as a referral unit for 6 sub centers and refer out cases to CHCs.
It covers a population of 30,000 in plain area and 20,000 in hilly and tribal area.
There are 4-6 beds for patients and some diagnostic facilities are also available.
To accomplish community health goals and its aims the following approaches are to be utilized by community health professionals:-
1)persuasive approach 2)enforcement 3)team approach 4)community involvement 5)Intersectorial approach
For adventurous travel blog please visit http://wilsontom.blogspot.com
voluntary health agencies have its own administrative body or committee which raises fund through its membership or through private sources. It has staff either paid or on a voluntary basis. Works for health promotion, health education & health legislation, etc.
Primary health centers are the corner stone of rural health services .
It act as a referral unit for 6 sub centers and refer out cases to CHCs.
It covers a population of 30,000 in plain area and 20,000 in hilly and tribal area.
There are 4-6 beds for patients and some diagnostic facilities are also available.
To accomplish community health goals and its aims the following approaches are to be utilized by community health professionals:-
1)persuasive approach 2)enforcement 3)team approach 4)community involvement 5)Intersectorial approach
For adventurous travel blog please visit http://wilsontom.blogspot.com
voluntary health agencies have its own administrative body or committee which raises fund through its membership or through private sources. It has staff either paid or on a voluntary basis. Works for health promotion, health education & health legislation, etc.
This is IPHS presentation .hope it is helpful to you. contents are - introduction,origin of iphs, iphs for subcenter,phc, in maharashtra ,summary and references
What about executive functions and CHC theory: New research for discussionKevin McGrew
This module contains a subset of slides that were only briefly touched on as part of a larger "Beyond CHC" presentation at the Australian Psychological Society (APS) 2016 Annual Congress. Time was limited. Thus, the complete subset of slides are presented here for FYI and discussion purposes.
National health programs are one of the measures taken by the government of India to improve the health status of the people.National health Programs useful to controlling or eradicating diseases which cause considerable morbidity and mortality in India
which are either centrally sponsored
This presentation describe the Health care system in Pakistan.
In this presentation complete information our health system in Pakistan. The advantage and disadvantage are clearly define in presentation.
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Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Meaning, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Mor...The Lifesciences Magazine
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in one or more of the deep veins in the legs. These clots can impede blood flow, leading to severe complications.
2. DEFINITION AND OBJECTIVES
DEFENITION
The term health care delivery system refers
to a multilevel industry transforms various
resources into essential services designed to
meet the health care needs of a population
OBJECTIVES OF HEALTH CARE DELIVERY
SYSTEM
To increase the lifespan of healthy people
To reduce health disparities and
To provide all people with access to prevention
Decrease the race-based disparity in life
expectancy
3. MODELS OF HEALTH CARE
DELIVERY
Tertiary level (District hospitals,
medical college hospitals)
Secondary level (community
health center taluka hospital)
Primary level (PHC, Sub
centers)
4. 1. PUBLIC HEALTH SECTOR
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Primary health centre
Sub – centers
HOSPITALS/HOSPITAL CENTERS
Community health centers
Rural hospitals
District hospitals / health centre
Specialist hospitals
Teaching hospitals
HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES
Employees state insurance
Central Government Health scheme
OTHERS AGENCIES
Defense services
Railways
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
5. 2. PRIVATE SECTOR
Private hospitals, polyclinics, nursing
homes and dispensaries
General practitioners and clinics
2. INDIGENEOUS SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Ayurveda and siddha
Unani
Homeopathy
Unregistered practitioners
2. VOLUNTARY HEALTH AGENCIES
3. NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES
6. PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
VILLAGE LEVEL
Village – health Guide scheme (VHG –
scheme)
Training of local dais
ICDS scheme
SUB CENTRE LEVEL
PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER LEVEL
7. Staff pattern of PHC
Medical officer - 1
Pharmacist - 1
Staff nurse - 1
Health worker female (ANM) - 1
Block extension Educator - 1
Health Assistant male - 1
Health assistant female - 1
Upper division clerk - 1
Lower division clerk - 1
Lab technician - 1
Ophthalmic Assistant - 1
Driver - 1
class IV staff (peon/sweeper) - 4
Total - 16
8. FUNCTIONS OF THE PHC
Medical care
MCH services including family planning
Improvement of environmental sanitation with safe
water supply
Prevention and control of communicable diseases
Collection and reporting of vital statistics
Health education
Implementation of relevant National Health
programs
Basic lab services
Referral services
Training programs for health workers. Health
assistants, local dais etc..
9. MEDICAL OFFICERS
General
Curative
Preventive work
Promotive work
Training
Administration
JOB RESPONSIBILITIES OF
PHC STAFF
10. FEMALE HEALTH WORKER
Maternal and child health
Family planning
Nutrition
Communicable disease
Immunization
Training
Vital events
Record keeping
Primary medical care
Team activities
11. MALE HEATH WORKER
Malaria
Communicable disease
Environmental sanitation
Immunization
Family planning
Maternal and child health
Nutrition
Vital events
Team activities
12. MALE HEALTH ASSISTANT
Supervision and guidance
Team work
Maintain regular supplies and equipments
Scrutinize and maintain records
Radical treatment and insecticidal spray
Communicable disease control
Environmental sanitation
Conduct, supervise immunization sessions
Ensure family planning
Nutrition
Report vital events
Primary medical care
Health education
FEMALE HEALTH ASSISTANT
13. COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE
By upgrading primary health centers
Covers population of 80,000-1.2 lakhs
30 beds And specialists in medicine, surgery, OBG and pediatrics
X-ray and lab facilities available
STAFF PATTERN OF CHC
SERVICES PROVIDED
Inpatient and out patient services
Services of speacialists
Emergency care
Specialized diagnostic services
14. HOSPITALS
•Rural hospitals
•District hospitals
HEALTH INSURANCE
•Employees state insurance scheme
•Central government health scheme
OTHER AGENCIES
•Defence medical services
•Health care of railway employees
PRIVATE AGENCIES
•Nursing homes
•Poly clinics
•Private hospitals
•General practioners
15. INDIGENEOUS SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Ayurveda
Yoga
Unani
Siddha
homeopathy…
VOLUNTARY HEALTH AGENCIES
Supplementing the work of government agencies
Pioneering
Education
Demonstration
Guarding the work of government agencies
Advancing health legislation
HEALTH PROGRAMMES