2. HEALTH
-THE STATE OF BEING FREE FROM ILLNESS OR
INJURY.
-STATE OF COMPLETE PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND
SOCIAL WELL BEING, AND NOT MERELY THE
ABSENCE OF DISEASE OR INFIRMITY (WHO)
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 1948
3. HEALTH AWARENESS
▪ To provide health related knowledge to the people for
preventing and curing disease.
▪ To raise awareness and improve knowledge of diseases,
their symptoms and treatment options.
▪ Awareness is about developing an understanding of one’s
mental health, but also more specific knowledge of risk
and protective factors for mental health.
4. TYPES OF HEALTH
Physical health
Emotional health
Mental/ intellectual health
Social health
Environmental health
Spiritual health
5. PHYSICAL HEALTH
-defined as the condition of your body taking into
consideration everything from the absence of disease to
fitness level.
8. SOCIAL HEALTH
▪ Social health is how you relate to people at home, school,
and everywhere else
9. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
▪ Environmental health is keeping air and water clean,
having safe food resources, being in a place you enjoy, and
having safe surroundings.
10. SPIRITUAL HEALTH
▪ Spiritual health is maintained or improved by living
according to your ethics moral and values
11. TYPES OF DISEASES
▪ Communicable diseases
- Illness caused by viruses or bacteria
that people spread to one another
through contact with contaminated
surfaces, bodily fluids, blood
products, insects bites or through
the air.
13. AIDS/ HIV
▪ A virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection,
making a person more vulnerable to other infections and
diseases.
▪ AIDS is the late stage of HIV infection that occurs when
the body’s immune system is badly damaged because of
the virus.
3 stages:
-Acute HIV infection
-Clinical latency
- AIDS
14. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
▪ Rapid weight loss
▪ Recurring fever or profuse night sweats
▪ Extreme and unexplained tiredness
▪ Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorder
▪ Pneumonia
▪ Sores of the mouth, anus or genitals
15. HIV CAUSE
HIV infection is caused by the human immunodeficiency
virus. You can get from a infected blood , semen, or vaginal
fluids. Most people can get HIV from unprotected sex with
someone who has HIV. Another common way is sharing
drug needles with someone who is infected with HIV.
16. PREVENTION/ PRECAUTION
▪ Get tested and know your partner’s HIV status
▪ Choose less risky sexual behaviors.
▪ Use condoms
17. TREATMENT FOR HIV
▪ Talk to your Doctor
▪ It involves taking medicines that slow the progression of
the virus in your body.
▪ ART (antiretroviral therapy) a medicines to treat HIV
infection. ART can’t cure HIV but it helps you to live
longer
18. TYPES OF HIV
▪ HIV 1- the virus that causes AIDS. Aids is the most
advanced stage of HIV infection.
- the most widespread type worldwide.
▪ HIV 2- infection is endemic to West Africa
-less prevalent and less pathogenic ( disease-
causing)
19. DENGUE
Dengue virus is the cause of dengue fever. It is a mosquito-
borne, single positive-stranded RNA virus of the family
Flaviviridae; genus flavivirus.
Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector that transmits the
viruses that causes dengue.
20. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF
DENGUE
▪ Sudden, high fever
▪ Severe headaches
▪ Pain behind the eyes
▪ Severe joint and muscle pain
▪ Fatigue
21. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
▪ Nausea
▪ Vomiting
▪ Skin rash, which appears two to five days after the onset of
fever
▪ Mild bleeding( such a nose bleed, bleeding gums, or easy
bruising.
22. CAUSE OF DENGUE
▪ Dengue fever is caused by any one of four types of dengue
viruses spread by mosquitoes that thrive in and near
human lodgings. When a mosquito bites a person infected
with a dengue virus, the virus enters the mosquito. When
the infected mosquito then bites another person, the virus
enters that person’s bloodstream.
23. PREVENTION/ PRECAUTION
▪ The vaccine is produced by Sanofi and goes by the brand
name DENGVAXIA.
▪ Wear long- sleeve shirts and long pants
▪ Treat clothes with repellents like permethrin
▪ Use EPA- registered mosquito repellent like DEET
▪ Consider using mosquito netting if you will be in an areas
with many mosquitoes
▪ Cover containers
24. TREATMENT
▪ Use pain relievers with acetaminophen
▪ Avoid medicines with aspirin which could worsen
bleeding.
▪ Should rest
▪ Drink plenty of fluids
▪ See your doctor
25. TYPES OF DENGUE
Virus types Name of the virus
DEN -1 STRAIN HAWAII
DEN -2 STRAIN NEW GUINEA
DEN-3 STRAIN H87
DEN-4 STRAIN H241
26. MALARIA
A disease caused by parasite. Malaria is a life- threatening
disease transmitted to people through the bites of
infected female anopheles mosquitoes.
27. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
▪ Shaking chills that can range from moderate to severe.
▪ High fever
▪ Profuse sweating.
▪ Headache
▪ Nausea
▪ Vomiting
▪ Abdominal pain
▪ Diarrhea
28. EBOLA
▪ Ebola is a rare but deadly virus that causes fever, body
aches, and diarrhea, and sometimes bleeding inside and
outside the body. As the virus spreads through the body, it
damages the immune system and organs. Ultimately, it
causes levels of blood-clotting cells to drop. This leads to
severe, uncontrollable bleeding.
30. CAUSE OF EBOLA
▪ The cause of Ebola hemorrhagic fever is
Ebola virus infection that results in
coagulation abnormalities, including
gastrointestinal bleeding, development of
a rash, cytokine release, damage to
the liver, and massive viremia (large
number of viruses in the blood) that leads
to damaged vascular cells that form blood
vessels.
32. TYPHOID FEVER
▪ Typhoid is a bacterial infection that can
lead to a high fever, diarrhea, and
vomiting. It can be fatal. It is caused by
the bacteria Salmonella typhi. The
infection is often passed on through
contaminated food and drinking water,
and it is more prevalent in places where
handwashing is less frequent.
36. TREATMENT
▪ The only
effective treatment for typhoid is
antibiotics. The most commonly used are
ciprofloxacin (for non-pregnant adults)
and ceftriaxone. Other than antibiotics, it
is important to rehydrate by drinking
adequate water. In more severe cases,
where the bowel has become perforated,
surgery may be required.
37. TYPES OF DISEASE
▪ NON- COMMUNICABLE- a disease that is not
transmissible directly from one person to another
EXAMPLE:
⁻ ASTHMA
- CATARACT
- DIABETES
- HEART DISEASE
38. ASTHMA
▪ A condition in which your airways narrow and swell and
produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult
and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.
39. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
▪Shortness of breathing
▪Chest tightness or pain
▪Trouble sleeping caused by
shortness of breath, coughing or
wheezing
40. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
▪ A whistling or wheezing sound when
exhaling( wheezing is common sign of
asthma in children)
▪ Coughing or wheezing attacks that are
worsened by a respiratory virus, such as a
cold or the flu
41. CAUSE OF ASTHMA
▪ Exposure to various irritants and
substances that trigger allergies.
Asthma triggers are different from
person to person and can include:
▪ Airborne substances, such as pollen,
dust mites, etc
▪ Respiratory infections (cold)
42. CAUSE OF ASTHMA
▪ Physical activity ( exercise- induced
asthma)
▪ Cold air
▪ Air pollutants (smoke)
▪ Strong emotions and stress
43. PREVENTION/ PRECAUTION
▪Contact your doctor, work with
your doctor to keep it under
control.
▪Follow your asthma action plan
▪Get vaccinated for influenza and
pneumonia
44. PREVENTION/ PRECAUTION
▪ Identify and avoid asthma triggers
▪ Monitor your breathing
▪ Take your medication as
prescribed
▪ Pay attention to increasing quick-
relief inhaler use.
45. TREATMENT FOR ASTHMA
Two types of medication
Long-term control medications such as inhaled
corticosteroids are the important medications used to
keep asthma under control.
Quick relief inhalers contain a fast acting medication such as
albuterol
48. CATARACT
▪ A cataract is a clouding of the lens
in the eye which leads to a decrease
in vision. Cataracts often develop
slowly and can affect one or both
eyes. Symptoms may include faded
colors, blurry or double vision, halos
around light, trouble with bright
lights, and trouble seeing at night.
49. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF
CATARACT
▪ Clouded, blurred or dim vision.
▪ Increasing difficulty with vision at night.
▪ Sensitivity to light and glare.
▪ Need for brighter light for reading and other activities.
▪ Seeing "halos" around lights.
▪ Frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescription.
▪ Fading or yellowing of colors.
50. CAUSES OF CATARACTS
▪ Most cataracts develop when aging or injury
changes the tissue that makes up your eye's lens.
▪ Some inherited genetic disorders that cause
other health problems can increase your risk of
cataracts. Cataracts can also be caused by other
eye conditions, past eye surgery or medical
conditions such as diabetes. Long-term use of
steroid medications, too, can cause cataracts to
develop.
51. TREATMENT FOR CATARACTS
▪ Use brighter lights at home or work.
▪ Wear anti-glare sunglasses.
▪ Use magnifying lenses for reading and
other activities.
52. DIABETES
▪ Diabetes is a disease in which your
blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels
are too high. Glucose comes from
the foods you eat. Insulin is a
hormone that helps the glucose get
into your cells to give them energy.
With type 1 diabetes, your body
does not make insulin.
53. SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES
▪ Urinating often.
▪ Feeling very thirsty.
▪ Feeling very hungry—even though you are eating.
▪ Extreme fatigue.
▪ Blurry vision.
▪ Cuts/bruises that are slow to heal.
▪ Weight loss—even though you are eating more (type 1)
▪ Tingling, pain, or numbness in the hands/feet (type 2)
54. CAUSES OF DIABETES
What causes type 1 diabetes?
▪ Type 1 diabetes occurs when your immune system, the
body’s system for fighting infection, attacks and destroys
the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. Scientists
think type 1 diabetes is caused by genes and environmental
factors, such as viruses, that might trigger the disease.
Studies such as TrialNet are working to pinpoint causes of
type 1 diabetes and possible ways to prevent or slow the
disease.
What causes type 2 diabetes?
▪ Type 2 diabetes—the most common form of diabetes—is
caused by several factors, including lifestyle factors and
genes.
55. TREATMENT FOR DIABETES
▪ The major goal in treating type 1 and
type 2 diabetes is to control blood
sugar (glucose) levels within the
normal range, with minimal
excursions to low or high levels.
56. HEART DISEASE
▪ Heart disease describes a range of conditions that affect
your heart. Diseases under the heart disease umbrella
include blood vessel diseases, such as coronary artery
disease; heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias); and heart
defects you're born with (congenital heart defects), among
others.
▪ The term "heart disease" is often used interchangeably
with the term "cardiovascular disease." Cardiovascular
disease generally refers to conditions that involve
narrowed or blocked blood vessels that can lead to a heart
attack, chest pain (angina) or stroke. Other heart
conditions, such as those that affect your heart's muscle,
valves or rhythm, also are considered forms of heart
disease.
57. SYMPTOMS OF HEART
DISEASE
▪ Chest pain, chest tightness, chest
pressure and chest discomfort (angina)
▪ Shortness of breath
▪ Pain, numbness, weakness or coldness in
your legs or arms if the blood vessels in
those parts of your body are narrowed
▪ Pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper
abdomen or back
58. CAUSES OF HEART DISEASE
▪ Heart disease is caused by damage
to all or part of the heart, damage to
the coronary arteries, or a poor
supply of nutrients and oxygen to
the organ. Some types of heart
disease, such as hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy, are genetic. These,
alongside congenital heart defects,
can occur before a person is born.
59. TREATMENT
▪ Lifestyle changes. These include eating a low-fat and low-
sodium diet, getting at least 30 minutes of moderate
exercise on most days of the week, quitting smoking, and
limiting alcohol intake.
▪ Medications. If lifestyle changes alone aren't enough, your
doctor may prescribe medications to control your heart
disease. The type of medication will depend on the type of
heart disease.
▪ Medical procedures or surgery. If medications aren't
enough, it's possible your doctor will recommend specific
procedures or surgery. The type of procedure will depend
on the type of heart disease and the extent of the damage
to your heart.
