4. First Aid
Part one First aid is a life-saving strategy that individuals prefer
to use when they only have a few tools. Care for wounds
and sudden illness, care for specific injuries, accident
avoidance, and emergency procedures are all covered in
first aid training. For non-professionals, most first aid
involves a combination of practical approaches.
5. First Aider
Part two is the person who helps fast to an injured or
sick person they are the life saver of many
people. First Aider uses basic life support
such as CPR(Cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
and AED(Automated external defibrillator).
6. this is a procedure that can revive the heart of a person who had a heart
attack or a drowned person it is done by pumping your chest with 2 hands
and blowing air through the persons mouth or what we call Artificial
respiration. They blow air in the persons mouth because there is not
enough air when they go in a cardiac arrest.
CPR(Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
This helps the patient who have a sudden cardiac arrest. It is very easy to
use, if required the first aider can use an electric shock or defibrillation to
be able to help the heart to restore an successful rhythm.
AED(Automated external defibrillator)
7. First Aider has experience hard training through the years. To be
able to be a First Aider you have to have a valid certificate so that
you can help others.
1. First Aid at Work
2. Emergency first aid at
work.
3. Any other level of training
8. Principles of a First Aider
The first objective of
a first aid is the
Preserve life.
Preserve Life
This is the next
priority to prevent
deterioration of the
wounded patients
condition.
Prevent
Deterioration
This will help to
minimize the total of
time consume for a
victim to recover from
an accident and aid in
reducing lasting
damage and scarring.
Promote
Recovery
9. First Aid Practices
A very fast reaction to
an accident can save
someone’s life and
reduce the chance
that things get worse.
1. Taking
immediate action
2.Calming down
the situation
A first aider needs be
able to be undisturbed
or calm in all times
and minimize the the
overall stress levels of
the person who has
been hurt or injured.
.
3.Calling for
medical Assistance
Make sure to have the
numbers of the
emergency landlines
or contact phone
number so that you
can call immediate
medical assistance.
.
10. First Aid Practices
Before the professionals
arrive. First aider can apply
first aid treaments in order
to arrange to stabilize the
patient. This are under the
preserve life banner and
follows this motion of
procedues:
4.Apply the
relevant treatment
5.First Aid
Legislation
employers has a responsible to
check and be sure to have a health
and safety policies. Employers needs
also be mindful of the Health and
Safety(1981). This places controls on
all employers to give sufficient
resources to those who are injured at
work. This involve to make sure
there is equipment, facilities and first
aiders who have had a professional
training.
-Check for
consciousness.
-Open the airway
-Check for breathing
follow airway, breathing
of resuscitation,
administer CPR if
needed
-Check for circulation
-Check for bleeding,
Controlling any major
bleeding.
11. General Direction
of 1st Aid
Part three
First Aid is the help or assistance given
to injured people or those taken
suddenly ill before the arrival of a
physician.
12. A good aider should be:
Observant
Resourceful
Gentle
Tactful
Sympathetic
Cheerfult
13. • A first aider must not apply care he
has not been taught. In major (or
severe) accidents send for a
physician, giving a clear report of
what has occured.
General Direction for First Aid
• In minor accidents send the patient
to a physician after first aid has been
applied.
* Do not fuss. Always keep cool and
use encouraging words to the patient.
14. Directions
01 02
03 04
a) severe bleeding
b) poisoning
c) stoppage of breathing where
artificial respiration helps.
Give urgently needed
first aid.
Check for injuries -
examination of victim
Keep the victim lying
down.
Plan what to do.
15. Additional Pointers to Remember in Giving First Aid:
If the victim is unconscious, loosen
clothing about his neck. If there is
no fracture, turn the patient on his
right side, maintaining his position
by flexing the leg or legs, and place
a pillow under the head so that
secretions may dip from the corner
of the mouth. This will allow good
respiration.
1.
16. Additional Pointers to Remember in Giving First Aid:
Do not give fluids to an
unconscious or partly conscious
person, because these may enter
the windpipe. Do not attempt to
arouse an unconscious person by
shaking him, talking or shouting.
2.
17. Additional Pointers to Remember in Giving First Aid:
Reassure the victim by telling
him what first aid steps you are
going to take and how they will
help him.
3.
18. Additional Pointers to Remember in Giving First Aid:
Be reluctant to make statements to
the victim and bystanders about
the injuries. It is not within the first
aider's prerogative to diagnose,
evaluate and predict. Upon
questioning from the victim, you
can answer that you would rather
have the physician give the
information. Helpers must given
necessary information.
4.
19. Additional Pointers to Remember in Giving First Aid:
Following injury, do not lift a gasping
person by the belt. This is done very
often and may aggravate injuries of
the back or internal organs. Gasping
is not always caused by insufficient
oxygen but may be due to injury of
back or chest.
5.
20. Additional Pointers to Remember in Giving First Aid:
With indoor accidents, use
judgment about opening windows
when weather is cold except
when noxious gases are present
and may have caused the
accident. Indoors or out, the
victim has enough air, and cold
air may be too chilling.
6.
21. Basic Life
Support (BLS)
Part four
First Aid is the help or assistance given
to injured people or those taken
suddenly ill before the arrival of a
physician.
Purpose of BLS is to maintain
adequate ventilation and circulation
until a means can be obtained to
reverse the underlying cause of the
arrest.
22. These are the sequence when someone is having difficulty breathing or having heart attack:
1. Ensure safety of
rescuer and
victim.
23. These are the sequence when someone is having difficulty breathing or having heart attack:
2. Check the
victim and see
if he responds.
24. These are the sequence when someone is having difficulty breathing or having heart attack:
3.A. If he responds by
answering or moving. ! Leave
him in the position in which you
find him (provided he is not in
further danger),
B. check his condition and get
help if needed
25. These are the sequence when someone is having difficulty breathing or having heart attack:
3B. If he does not respond.
•Shout for help.
•Open his airway by tilting his head and lifting
his chin: if possible with the victim in the
position in which you find him, place your
hand on his forehead and gently tilt his head
back keeping your thumb and index finger free
to close his nose if rescue breathing is
required; at the same time, with your fingertip
under the point of the victim’s chin, lift the chin
to open the airway; if you have any difficulty,
turn the victim onto his back and then open
the airway as described. Avoid head tilt if
trauma to the neck is suspected.
26. These are the sequence when someone is having difficulty breathing or having heart attack:
4. Keeping the airway open, look, listen
and feel for breathing (more than an
occasional gasp)
•Look for chest movements; listen at the
victim’s mouth for breath sounds; feel for
air on your cheek.
•Look, listen and feel for up to 10 s
before deciding that breathing is absent.
27. These are the sequence when someone is having difficulty breathing or having heart attack:
5A. If he is breathing (other than an
occasional gasp).
•Turn him into the recovery position.
•Check for continued breathing.
28. These are the sequence when someone is having difficulty breathing or having heart attack:
5B. If he is not breathing.
•Send someone for help or, if you are on
your own, leave the victim and go for
help Turn the victim onto his back if he is
not already in this position.
•Remove any visible obstruction from the
victim’s mouth, including dislodged
dentures, but leave well-fitting dentures
in place.
30. The "chain of survival" refers to the chain of events that must occur in
rapid succession to maximize the chance of survival in sudden cardiac
arrest (SCA). Survival from cardiac arrest depends on a series of
interventions. The concept of this emphasizes that all of these time-
sensitive interventions must be optimized to maximize the chances of
survival: a chain is only as strong as its weakest link.
31. The original four links in the chain of survival included:
Early Access: to
activate EMS or the
emergency medical
services.
ONE
Early Basic Life
Support (BLS), to
delay deterioration
of the brain and
heart and buy time
to allow
defibrillation.
TWO THREE FOUR
Early defibrillation:
to restore the
perfusion rhythm.
Early Advanced Life
Support (ALS): to
stabilize the patient.
32. When post-resuscitation treatment options
were expanded to include mild therapeutic
hypothermia and other treatments, another
link was added to the chain, integrated post-
resuscitation care.
33. That is why, currently, the updated links in the American Heart Association version of
the Chain of Survival are:
1
2
3
Immediate Detection of Cardiac
Arrest and Emergency System
Activation.
Early CPR with an emphasis on
chest compressions
Rapid defibrillation
4 Effective long-life support
5 Integrated postal arrest care.
35. Emergency Rescue
-Is a procedure moving a victim from a dangerous to safe place.
-The procedure of moving a victim from a safe place to a safer
place is called Emergency transfer.
36. Indication for Emergency Rescue
A
B
C
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must never lose infinite
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-Danger of fire and
explosion.
We must accept finite
disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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-Danger of toxic
gases or asphyxia
We must accept finite
disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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-Serious traffic
hazard
37. Indication for Emergency Rescue
D
E
F
We must accept finite
disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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-Danger of
electrocution
We must accept finite
disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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-Danger of
collapsing wall
We must accept finite
disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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-Exposure to cold or
intense weather
condition
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disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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-Risk of drowning
G
38. Method’s of Transfer
1.) Assist to walk
2.) Pack strap carry
3.) Fireman’s carry
4.) Piggyback carry
5.) Inclined drag
6.) blanket drag
7.) fireman’s drag
8.) clothes drag
One-man assist
39. Method’s of Transfer
1.Two-man assist to walk
2.Two-man carry by extremities
3.Two-man fireman’s carry with assistant
4.Two-man hand as litter
5.two-man four hand seat
Two-man carry
40. Method’s of Transfer
1.Blanket
2. Use of stretcher
a.) Improvise stretcher
b.)Military stretcher
c.)Ambulance stretcher
3.Use of long spinal board
4.To load and unload in an ambulance
Four/Six/Eight-man carry
41. Click to enter the title
We must accept finite
disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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We must accept finite
disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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We must accept finite
disappointment, but we
must never lose infinite
hope.
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