lesson

1. BIODIVERSITY AND
THE HEALTHY
SOCIETY
BIODIVERSITY AND THE HEALTHY SOCIETY

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAi3VTSdTxU
The production had an environmental theme,
showing images of animal cruelty, deforestation,
pollution, poaching, poverty and war. Jackson and
the world's people unite in a spiritual chant—"Earth
Song"—which summons a force that heals the
world.
BIODIVERSITY AND THE HEALTHY SOCIETY

3. LESSON OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able
to:
• Determine the interrelatedness of society, environment
and health;
• Create a diagram that would show the relatedness
of species in forming up a diverse and healthy
society
without compromising one another; and
• Identify everyday tasks and evaluate whether they
contribute to the wellness and health of biodiversity and
society or not.

4. BIODIVERSITY

5. BIODIVERSITY
• All the different kinds of life you’ll find in
one area—the variety of animals, plants,
fungi, and even microorganisms like
bacteria that make up our natural world.
• Each of these species and organisms work
together in ecosystems, like an intricate
web, to maintain balance and support life.
• Biodiversity supports everything in nature
that we need to survive: food, clean water,
medicine, and shelter.

6. LEVELS OF BIODIVERSITY
• –thegeneticvariationwithinapopulation
• –thevarietyof speciesin acommunity
• –thevarietyof communitiesinan
ecosystem

7. GENETIC DIVERSITY
A term used to describe
the variation in the DNA
sequence in each of our
genomes.
Genetic variation is what
makes us

8. SPECIE DIVERSITY
The measure of biological diversity
observed in a particular ecological
community indicating a number of
species or species richness in an
ecological area.

9. ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY
The variety of different
habitats, communities and
ecological processes.
A biological community is
defined by the species
that occupy a particular
area and the interactions
between those species.

10. ECOSYSTEM
A geographic area where plants, animals and other
organisms as well as the weather and landscapes ,
work/ interact together to form a bubble of life.
Ecosystem contains biotic or living things and
abiotic or nonliving things.
Biotic factors , include plants, animals and other
living organisms.
Abiotic factors include rocks, temperature and
humidity.
Ecosystem can be very large and / or small.

11. Biodiversity is essential for the
processes that support all life on
Earth, including humans. Without a
wide range of animals, plants and
microorganisms, we cannot have
the healthy ecosystems that we rely
on to provide us with the air we
breathe and the food we eat.

12. Therefore, we, as human
inhabitants of the ecosystem,
must preserve and conserve the
biodiversity of all creatures.
In simple terms, it is true that
people will always depend on
biodiversity on the wholeness of
our being and in our everyday
lives.

13. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0ePIeiU0YI

14. If we fail to keep the process of taking
care of the ecosystem, it is us who are
actually putting our lives at risk.
Significant decline in biodiversity has
direct human impact when ecosystem in its
insufficiency can no longer provide the
physical as well as social need of human
beings.
Indirectly, changes in the ecosystem affect
livelihood, income, and on occasion, may
even cause political conflict. (WHO).

15. As humans put increasing pressure on the planet, using and
consuming more resources than ever before, we risk upsetting
the balance of ecosystems and losing biodiversity. WWF’s 2022
Living Planet Report found an average 69% decline in global
populations of mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians
since 1970.
The 2019 landmark Global Assessment Report by the
Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem
Services reported 1 million animal and plant species are now
threatened with extinction—the highest number in human
history.

16. Biodiversity at Risk
• The extinction of many species in a relatively short
period of time is called a mass extinction.
• Earth has experienced several mass extinctions, each
probably caused by a global change in climate.
• It takes millions of years for biodiversity to rebound
after a mass extinction.

17. Biodiversity at Risk
Current Extinctions
• Scientists are warning that we are in the midst of
another mass extinction.
• The rate of extinctions is estimated to have
increased by a multiple of 50 since 1800, with up to 25
percent of all species on Earth becoming extinct
between 1800 and 2100. • The current mass
extinction is different from those of the past because
humans are the primary cause of the extinctions.

18. Biodiversity at Risk
How Do Humans Cause Extinctions?
•In the past 2 centuries, human population growth
has accelerated and so has the rate of extinctions.
• The major causes of extinction today are – the
destruction of habitats – the introduction of nonnative
species – pollution – the overharvesting of species

19. Threats to Biodiversity
• Habitat loss and destruction
• Alterations in ecosystem
composition
• Over-exploitation
• Pollution and contamination
• Global climate change

20. Biodiversity at Risk
Habitat Destruction and Fragmentation
•As human populations grow, we use more
land to build homes and harvest resources.
• In the process, we destroy and fragment the
habitats of other species.
• It is estimated that habitat loss causes almost
75 percent of the extinctions now occurring.

21. Biodiversity at Risk
Alterations in Ecosystem Composition
•Alterations and sudden changes, either within
species groups or within the environment,
could begin to change entire ecosystems.
Alteration in ecosystems are a critical factor
contributing to species and habitat loss.

22. Biodiversity at Risk
• Over-exploitation
•Over-hunting, over-fishing, or over-collecting
of species can quickly lead to its decline.
Changing consumption patterns of humans is
often cited as the key reason for this
unsustainable exploitation of natural
resources.

23. Biodiversity at Risk
• Pollution and Contamination
•Biological systems respond slowly to changes
in their surrounding environment. Pollution
and contamination cause irreversible damage
to species and varieties.

24. Biodiversity at Risk
• Global Climate Change
•Both climate variability and climate change
cause biodiversity loss. Species and
populations may be lost permanently if they
are not provided with enough time to adapt to
changing climatic conditions.

25. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dH5QlJz1O4c

26. Biodiversity and Human Health
Healthy communities rely on well-functioning
ecosystems. They provide clean air, fresh
water, medicines and food security.

27. Biodiversity and Human Health
5 reasons why biodiversity matters – to human
health, the economy and your wellbeing
1. Biodiversity ensures health and
food security
Biodiversity underpins global nutrition and food security. Millions of species
work together to provide us with a large array of fruits, vegetables and
animal products essential to a healthy, balanced diet.

28. Biodiversity and Human Health
5 reasons why biodiversity matters – to human
health, the economy and your wellbeing
2. Biodiversity helps fight disease
Higher rates of biodiversity have been linked to an increase in human
health.
First, plants are essential for medicines. For example, 25% of drugs used in
modern medicine are derived from rainforest plants while 70% of cancer
drugs are natural or synthetic products inspired by nature. This means that
every time a species goes extinct, we miss out on a potential new medicine.
Second, biodiversity due to protected natural areas has been linked to lower
instances of disease such as Lyme disease and malaria. While the exact
origin of the virus causing COVID-19 is still unknown, 60% of infectious
diseases originate from animals and 70% of emerging infectious diseases
originate from wildlife. As human activities encroach upon the natural world,
through deforestation and urbanisation, we reduce the size and number of
ecosystems. As a result, animals live in closer quarters with one another
and with humans, creating ideal conditions for the spread of zoonotic
diseases.

29. Biodiversity and Human Health
5 reasons why biodiversity matters – to human
health, the economy and your wellbeing
3. Biodiversity benefits business
According to the World Economic Forum's recent Nature Risk
Rising Report, more than half of the world’s GDP ($44 trillion) is
highly or moderately dependent on nature. Many businesses are,
therefore, at risk due to increasing nature loss. Global sales of
pharmaceuticals based on materials of natural origin are worth an
estimated $75 billion a year, while natural wonders such as coral
reefs are essential to food and tourism.

30. Biodiversity and Human Health
5 reasons why biodiversity matters – to human
health, the economy and your wellbeing
4. Biodiversity provides livelihoods
Humans derive approximately $125 trillion of value from natural
ecosystems each year. Globally, three out of four jobs are dependent on
water while the agricultural sector employs over 60% of the world’s
working poor. In the Global South, forests are the source of livelihoods
for over 1.6 billion people. In India, forest ecosystems contribute only 7%
to India’s GDP yet 57% of rural Indian communities’ livelihoods.

31. Biodiversity and Human Health
5 reasons why biodiversity matters – to human
health, the economy and your wellbeing
5. Biodiversity protects us
Biodiversity makes the earth habitable. Biodiverse ecosystems provide nature-
based solutions that buffer us from natural disasters such as floods and
storms, filter our water and regenerate our soils.
The clearance of over 35% of the world’s mangroves for human activities has
increasingly put people and their homes at risk from floods and sea-level rise. If
today’s mangroves were lost, 18 million more people would be flooded every year
(an increase of 39%) and annual damages to property would increase by 16% ($82
billion).
Protecting and restoring natural ecosystems is vital to fighting climate change.
Nature-based solutions could provide 37% of the cost-effective CO2 mitigation
needed by 2030 to maintain global warming within 2°C.

32. Biodiversity and Health
Changes in biodiversity will expose human beings to
different kinds of diseases.
Changes to biodiversity can have severe and
unpredictable effects on the health of all living things,
including human beings.
According to research, loss in biodiversity affects
human health , such as mental health ailments ,
depression, Parkinson's disease, heart disease, cancer,
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma,
diabetes, obesity, occupational injuries, dysentery,
arthritis, and malaria.

33. What is the importance of
biodiversity in science and
technology?
Biological diversity is the
“infrastructure” that supports life on our
planet: the air we breathe, the food we
eat and the water we drink are only
possible as long as we have healthy
biodiversity – rich species and
ecosystem diversity.

34. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-UBUp2VOTE