The document discusses challenges facing widespread adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT). While sensor technology exists, each sensor operates in isolation and multi-sensor systems are difficult to construct. Other challenges include data quality issues, lack of ubiquitous networks, integration difficulties, need for more sensor innovation, and inadequate security for the status quo. Standardization efforts are underway but democratizing use through sensor integration, personalization, and pervasive applications remains challenging.

1. Speaker: Opher Etzion
Did the Internet of Things really
happened?
What the inhibitors are?

2. “There is no Internet of Things yet”
2
Sarah Rotman Epps
Oct 17, 2013
The Forrester report entitled “There is no Internet of Things Yet”
asserts that while much of the sensor technology exists, each sensor lives
in isolation, while multi sensor system is difficult to construct

3. 3
Differences between the traditional Internet to
the Internet of Things
Topic Traditional Internet Internet of Everything
Who creates content? Human Machine
How is the content
consumed?
By request By pushing information
and triggering actions
How content is
combined?
Using explicitly defined
links
Through explicitly
defined operators
What is the value? Answer questions Action and timely
knowledge
What was done so far? Both content creation
(HTML…) and content
consumption (search
engines)
Mainly content creation

4. 4
A major difference between traditional Internet
and the IoT – usability
The success of the Internet is attributed to its
relative simplicity:
to connect
to create content
to search
Imagine that any search in the
Internet would have been done
using SQL queries…
How pervasive do you think the
Internet would have been?

5. For situational awareness….
Languages are actually more complex than
SQL
5
// Large cash deposit
insert into LargeCashDeposit
select * from Cash deposit where amount > 100,000
// Frequent (At least three) large cash deposits
create context AccountID partition by accountId on Cash deposit;
Context AccountID
Insert into FrequentLargeCashDeposits select count(*) from LargeCashDeposit
having count(*)>3;
// Frequent cash deposits followed by transfer abroad
Context AccountID
insert into SuspiciousAccount select * from pattern [
every f=FrequentCashDeposit -> t=TransferAbroad where timer.within(10 days)]

6. 6
Internet of things – what’s holding us back
Chris Murphy,
InformationWeek,
May 5, 2014
1.The data is not good enough
2.Networks aren't ubiquitous
3.Integration is tougher than analysis
4.More sensor innovation needed
5.Status quo security doesn't cut it
We’ll concentrate on these topics – with special
emphasis on the democratization of use

7. 7
Data is not good enough…

8. 8
State-of-the-art systems assume that data satisfies the “closed world assumption”, being
complete and precise as a result of a cleansing process before the data is utilized.
Processing data is deterministic
In real applications events may be uncertain or have imprecise
content for various reasons (missing data, inaccurate/noisy input; e.g.
data from sensors or social media)
Often, in real time applications cleansing the data is not feasible due
to time constraints

9. 9
Where does the uncertainty come from?

10. 10
Security considerations of IoT
Murder by the Internet
“With so many devices being Internet connected, it makes murdering
people remotely relatively simple, at least from a technical
perspective. That’s horrifying,” said IID president and CTO Rod
Rasmussen. “Killings can be carried out with a significantly lower
chance of getting caught, much less convicted, and if human history
shows us anything, if you can find a new way to kill, it will be
eventually be used.”
EXAMPLES: Turn off pacemakers, Shutdown car systems while
driving, stop IV drip from functioning

11. 11
Privacy considerations of IoT
The traditional Internet and social networks are already
compromising privacy in the virtual world
The Internet of Everything increases the challenge since it can track
the physical world

12. 12
Democratization of use in Internet of Things
Challenges:
Integration of sensors and actuators
Personalization of situation detection
Pervasive use

13. 13
Standardization
Standards were crucial to the success of the traditional web
The “Joint Coordinated Activities on IoT” published
in February 2014 standards roadmap:
http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-
T/jca/iot/Pages/default.aspx
With aspects on architecture, format, identification,
sensor network management and more…
AT&T, Cisco, GE, IBM and Intel form Industrial
Internet Consortium for IoT standards in March
2014
http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/att-cisco-ge-
ibm-and-intel-form-industrial-internet-consortium-
iot-standard/2014-03-28#ixzz32F6UB1KE

14. 14
Summary
Much has been done on IoT
There are still challenges ahead in order to
make the use of IoT as pervasive as the
traditional Internet.