Topic Growth and Development for Child Health Nursing This slide is to contain Introduction, Definition, stages of Growth and Development, and Factor Affecting of Growth and Development

1. Growth and Development of Child
Presented By: Mr. Pradeep Kumar Bais
(M.Sc. CHILD HEALTH NURSING)

2. Introduction
Childhood is a crucial period for physical,
psychological and behavioral development. Child
growth and development is a complex is a
complex process, which comprises of physical
growth, maturity of system and development is
influenced by various internal and external
factors.

3. Definition
 Growth: it refers to increase in physical size due to cell
division and synthesis of proteins, e.g., weight and
height. It can be considered as quantitative change.
 Development: it is progressive increase in skill and
ability to function. It is advancement of simple to
advance stage of complexity in individuals capacities. It
can be considered as a qualitative change.

4. Principles of growth and development
The word principle simply means a fundamental basic truth.
There are many principles too regarding child development.
The are: -
 Development proceed from head upward to leg downward
(cephalocaudle principle)
 Development proceeds from the center of the body
outward.(proximodistal development)
 Growth and development is in an orderly manner

5. Cont.
 Development depends on maturation and learning
 Development and learning occur as a result of the child
interacting with people and objects I his or her
environment.
 Development proceed from the simple to the more
complex and from general to specific.
 Children's need differ across the early childhood years
 Growth and development is a continuous process.

6. Stages of growth and development
Prenatal Period
Embryonic Period (0-10 weeks)
Fetal Period (10 weeks – Until the birth)
Postnatal Period
Neonatal period: - birth to 28 day
Infant period : - birth to 1 year
Toddler period : - 1 to 3 year
Preschool period : - 3 to 6 year
School period: - 6 to 12 year
Adolescence period: - 12 to 19 years

7. Factors affecting growth and development
Heredity
 Phenotype
 Characteristics of parents
 Race
 Gender
 Biorhythm and maturation
 Genetic disorders

8. Cont.
Environmental
Prenatal factors
 Maternal nutrition
 Mothers age
 Drug use
 Alcohol, smoking and nicotine
 Disease
 LBW
 Environmental toxins

9. Cont.
Postnatal
 Nutrition
 Disease
 Socioeconomic status
 Trauma
 Climate
 Urbanization
 Psychosocial stress
 Cultural factor