CHILDHOOD AND GROWING UP

1. LEARNER AS A DEVLOPING
INDIVIDUAL
• Prepared by:- BISAKHA
PARVATI
SAJJAL
ASIT,
PRASHANT
TUSHAR
AYUSHMAN
BHANJAN
SANDIP.

2. DEVELOPMENTAL INFLUENCES
B.Ed 1ST SEMESTER

3. DEVELOPMENTAL INFLUENCE
• The beginning of life in mother’s womb and the
growth and development of human beings is
influenced by different factors like internal and
external.

4. FACTOR TREE

5. HEREDITY
• The height, weight and body build of a child
largely
depends on genetically factor. Heredity influences
the
growth rate of early matures or late mature and also
play an leading role in the difference between male
and female patterns of growth.

6. physical and biological Factor
• Physical factor influences on child
development are possible to control.
Good nutrition helps a child develop
on a adequate manner because it
affect bones, muscles and internal
organs. Consistent physical activity
can reduce obesity and enhance
muscle growth.

7. Intelligence
• Intelligence affect the thought process,
creative, thinking and retention of
information which affect the academic
achievement of a child. Children having
intelligence growth faster physically and
mentally in comparison to having
low intelligent.

8. Emotional
• Emotional factor affect the child’s social, mental,
physical and moral level of development and also
affects language development. He may find himself
a failure in doing some serious mental activity which
may spoil his physical and mental health.

9. Social Nature
• A person’s socialization helps him in achieving adjustment and
advancement in other aspects of his growth and development which
may prove to be a boon to him or her for proper growth and
development.

10. EXTERNAL FACTORS
ENVIRONMENT IN THE WOMB OF MOTHER
 The physical and mental health of mother during pregnancy .
 Single or multiple child getting nourished in womb.
 The quality and quantity of nutrition
received by the embryo.
 Normal and abnormal delivery.
 Any damage or accident to the baby
in the womb.

11. ENVIRONMENT AVAILABLE AFTER
BIRTH
 Parental and family care received by a child.
 Economic and social status of
parent and family.
 The quality of neighborhood and
environment.
 The quality of schooling received by a child.
 The quality of government laws and
organization of the society.
 The quality of educational and vocational facilities.

12. :- GROUP –A
B.ED – 1ST SEMESTER (2019-21)

13. What is "Nature & Nurture"
13
•Nature AND Nurture" is a psychology term related
to whether heredity or the environment ,
•most impacts human psychological development
(behavior, habits, intelligence, personality, sexuality,
aggressive tendencies, and so on).

14. Nature
14
•Nature refers to an individual's innate qualities
(nativism).
•Example: Nature is your genes. The physical and
Personality traits determined by your genes stay the same
irrespective of where you were born and raised.
•Factors: Biological and Family.

15. Nurture
15
• Nurture refers to personal experiences (i.e. empiricism or
behaviorism).
• Example: Nurture refers to your childhood, or how you
were brought up. Someone could be born with genes to
give them a normal height, but be malnourished in
childhood, resulting in stunted growth and a failure to
develop as expected.
• Factors : Environmental and Social

16. Where does our personality of individual
come from?
• Nature:
• It’s genetic
• You were “born that way”
• It is inherited from one or both parents
• Nurture:
• It’s environmental
• You’ve acquired it because of
life experiences and circumstances

17. Nurture
17
• In the "nature vs nurture" debate, nurture refers to
personal experiences (i.e. empiricism or behaviorism).
• Example: Nurture refers to your childhood, or how you
were brought up. Someone could be born with genes to
give them a normal height, but be malnourished in
childhood, resulting in stunted growth and a failure to
develop as expected.
• Factors : Environmental and Social

18. APPROACHES TO NATURE AND
NURTURE
• PHYSIOLOGICAL/BIOLOGICAL
• PSYCHOANALYSIS NATURE
• BEHAVIOURISM
• HUMANISM NURTURE
• SOCIAL
• COGNITIVE INTERACTION BETWEEN NATURE
AND NURTURE

19. QUESTIONS
1."Which do you think make up a person the most based on their
personality, Nature or Nurture?"
2." Is the outcome of a child's behavior caused by their parents,
parenting skills Nature or Nurture?"
3."Is Religion Nature or Nurture?"
4."What is more Influential, Nature or Nurture?"

20. ANSWERS
• Nature and Nurture tend to have equal participation in Personality.
• Parenting skills will almost always play a role in a Childs Behavior
• Humans are hardwired to believe in something they can't perceive, wHeTher that
be God, or some other concept they have no direct experience with. People are
more likely to believe something if their parents, friends and peers do as well, and
if they've heard about it from a young age.
• In many Cases it is always equal.

21. CONCLUSION
• So in conclusion, scientist know that both nature and nurture
affect a persons future, they just don't have a solid idea on how
much each factor affects a persons future. Scientists have come to
believe that when it comes to personality, environment is not a big
factor. The absolute final conclusion is that both affect a person
in someway.

22. GROWTH AND MATURATION
B.ED 1ST SEMESTER

23. INTRODUCTION
Both growth and maturation are the process that play a central
role in a person’s development.
Maturation does not necessary happen along with the physical
growth but, it is a part of growth and development.

24. GROWTH
Growth refers to change in body and quantitative aspects i.e
increase in size, height and weight.
According to Crow and Crow (1973) growth refers to structural
and Psychological changes.
It will not continue throughout life, it ends with attainment of
maturity.
It may or may not bring development.
It is physical and external in nature.

25. To be continued
When people says that part of a body have grown it means that the size of the
arms, hand , muscles , etc have grown.
Growth is non-directional and it is narrow.
Growth is one of the part of development
and it is directly measurable.

26. MATURATION
Maturation refers to a process of change in development due to unfolding and
ripening of abilities, characteristics, etc from birth.
The term maturation derived from a Latin word “maturatio” which means
ripening.
Maturation refers to change both qualitative and quantitative aspects.
Maturation comes out of growth, development and experience.
According to Gassel and martin both believe that the process of maturation in a
human automatically goes on and it remains free from environment affect.

27. To be continued ……………
The development of a physical capacity is said to be maturation, unless and until
the muscles of different body part do not get matured behavior can not be
modified an individual must have the proper physical and mental maturation.
i.e an infant is able to sit without support at the age of 6 month, able to walk
without support at the age of 11 month, utter the first word in about 12 month, no
training is required to perform this activities. The development of a person as a
function of time or age is related to maturation.
It is time consuming organized growth process.
It is both external and internal in nature.
It is indirectly measurable.

28. MATURATION INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT
OF
LEARNER
Maturation and learning are actively inter related activities .
If a person is mature enough to learn a task only then he would be able to
learn the task otherwise it would be difficult to learn the task.
In classroom children are taught to gain maturation, intelligence ability and
capacity.
The activity which are to be taught to the children must suit their age group
only then they can acquire maturation.
In the absence of maturation a person can not be successful in the learning
activity.

29. Nature
• Physiological/Biological.- Psychologists take this approach to believe that behaviour
can be explained via innate influences such as hormones and genetic influences
• Psychoanalysis - Psychologists take THIS approach TO believe that behaviour is
controlled by the innate aggression and sex drives. They do recognise that society
restricts these drives and that these drives are controlled via the ego and the supergo
Nurture
Behaviourism - Behaviourists believe that human behaviour is learnt from the
environment through conditioning.

30. TO BE CONTINUED……………
Humanism - This area of psychology explores the impact of a wide range of social and
environmental influences on human behaviour. (maslow physical needs).
An Interaction between Nature and Nurture
• Cognitive - Cognitive psychology looks at innate cognitive abilities, but recognises that
experience shapes these abilities.(perception and memory constantly changed by the
environment).

31. Types of maturation
A.PHYSICAL MATURATION
It indicate the physical development and growth that we go through as we get older.
A child goes through some very distinct physical maturity as they progress through all
their development stages .
i.e in the early stages of development a child depends on reflexes majorly. Then as
the age, they develop their motor skills and co-ordination. They also grow taller and
gain more weight as they develop their body goes through hormonal changes as they
leave adolescence and enter early adulthood.

32. B. COGNITIVE MATURATION
It refers to how babies think , learn, interact with their
environment from birth to adulthood.
Some important aspects of cognitive development is the
processing of information, language development,
reasoning skills , development of intellect and memory.

33. Conclusion
Growth refers to measurable change in size, physique
and body composition and various system of the body,
where as maturation refers to process towards the
mature state.
The process of growth and maturation are related to
both and influence physical performance.