Green chemistry is an approach to chemistry that aims to prevent pollution and reduce the use of hazardous substances. It was developed by Paul Anastas and John Warner, who defined 12 principles to guide more sustainable chemical production, such as preventing waste, designing safer chemicals and catalysts, and using renewable starting materials. Green chemistry approaches include solvent-free reactions, green solvents like water, and catalytic processes to make reactions more efficient.
Power Point Presentation on GREEN CHEMISTRY
(info on pollution, causes and its prevention)
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Green chemistry – The Chemical Industries' Way To Go GreenTariq Tauheed
At a time when everyone seems to be concerned about the environment, how exactly would the chemical industries play their part? A sneak peek into the fundamentals of how the chemical industries can adapt, and/or restructure.
We need the earth, the
Power Point Presentation on GREEN CHEMISTRY
(info on pollution, causes and its prevention)
Friends if you found this helpful please click the like button. and share it :)
Green chemistry – The Chemical Industries' Way To Go GreenTariq Tauheed
At a time when everyone seems to be concerned about the environment, how exactly would the chemical industries play their part? A sneak peek into the fundamentals of how the chemical industries can adapt, and/or restructure.
We need the earth, the
This presentation is prepared for First Year Engineering Students at Savitribai Phule Pune University.
It is introduction of green chemistry to understand the problems caused by using hazardous chemicals and its solution.
*The concept of green chemistry was formally established at the ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 15 years ago in years ago in years ago in response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 .
This slide show. gives the total knowledge of green chemistry and its applications in various fields. It also describes the essentiality of green chemistry and its role in decreasing pollution
Green Chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products .
what green chemistry is, which principles guide it and what are it's benefits this slide provide a brief description on economical, health and environmental benefits of green chem.
Presentation.pptx. Green Chemistry and principal of green ChemistryHajira Mahmood
A complete and comprehensive approach towards green chemistry & its applications. it plays significance role to sustain user friendly environment by reducing waste and enhance energy efficiency & atom economy. It leads less hazardous chemicals that are easy to discard.
This presentation is prepared for First Year Engineering Students at Savitribai Phule Pune University.
It is introduction of green chemistry to understand the problems caused by using hazardous chemicals and its solution.
*The concept of green chemistry was formally established at the ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 15 years ago in years ago in years ago in response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of response to the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 .
This slide show. gives the total knowledge of green chemistry and its applications in various fields. It also describes the essentiality of green chemistry and its role in decreasing pollution
Green Chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products .
what green chemistry is, which principles guide it and what are it's benefits this slide provide a brief description on economical, health and environmental benefits of green chem.
Presentation.pptx. Green Chemistry and principal of green ChemistryHajira Mahmood
A complete and comprehensive approach towards green chemistry & its applications. it plays significance role to sustain user friendly environment by reducing waste and enhance energy efficiency & atom economy. It leads less hazardous chemicals that are easy to discard.
It's a power packed presentation which can be used to win prizes and rewards for benefits of nature .It deals about the use of green chemistry,what is the use of green chemistry.The green chemistry is the base of future which enables us to switch from the harmful,toxic bases such as plastic to other nature enhancement promoting substance use.
Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances. Green chemistry applies across the life cycle of a chemical product, including its design, manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal
DEVELOPING CRYO-ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF BIOMOLECULES IN WATERGuttiPavan
Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) is a type of transmission electron microscopy that allows for the specimen of interest to be viewed at cryogenic temperatures (-150°C)
Following years of improvement, the cryo-electron microscope has become a valuable tool for viewing and studying the 3D structures of various biological molecules in water.
Experimental Designs in Next Generation Sequencing GuttiPavan
Experimental Designs in Next Generation Sequencing
Introduction
Types of experimental designs
Basic NGS chemistry
Tools used in NGS
Good and Bad experimental designs
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
2. • Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry,
is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering
focused on the designing of products and processes
that minimize the use and generation of hazardous
substances. Whereas environmental
chemistry focuses on the effects
of polluting chemicals on nature, green chemistry
focuses on technological approaches to
preventing pollution and reducing consumption of
nonrenewable resources
3/29/2018 2Green Chemistry Applications
3. • In 1998, Paul Anastas (who then
directed the Green Chemistry
Program at the US EPA) and John
C. Warner (then of Polaroid
Corporation) published a set of
principles to guide the practice of
green chemistry.[10] The twelve
principles address a range of ways
to reduce the environmental and
health impacts of chemical
production, and also indicate
research priorities for the
development of green chemistry
technologies.
3/29/2018 3Green Chemistry Applications
5. • Developed by Paul Anastas and John Warner*
Prevention
It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it has been created.
Atom Economy
Synthetic methods should be designed to maximize the incorporation of all
materials used in the process into the final product.
Less Hazardous Chemical Syntheses
Wherever practicable, synthetic methods should be designed to use and generate
substances that possess little or no toxicity to human health and the environment.
Designing Safer Chemicals
Chemical products should be designed to affect their desired function while
minimizing their toxicity.
Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries
The use of auxiliary substances (e.g., solvents, separation agents, etc.) should be
made unnecessary wherever possible and innocuous when used.
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6. Design for Energy Efficiency
Energy requirements of chemical processes should be recognized for
their environmental and economic impacts and should be minimized. If
possible, synthetic methods should be conducted at ambient temperature
and pressure.
Use of Renewable Feedstocks
A raw material or feedstock should be renewable rather than depleting
whenever technically and economically practicable.
Reduce Derivatives
Unnecessary derivatization (use of blocking groups, protection/
deprotection, temporary modification of physical/chemical processes)
should be minimized or avoided if possible, because such steps require
additional reagents and can generate waste.
Catalysis
Catalytic reagents (as selective as possible) are superior to stoichiometric
reagents.
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7. Design for Degradation
Chemical products should be designed so that at the end of
their function they break down into innocuous degradation
products and do not persist in the environment.
Real-time analysis for Pollution Prevention
Analytical methodologies need to be further developed to
allow for real-time, in-process monitoring and control prior to
the formation of hazardous substances.
Inherently Safer Chemistry for Accident Prevention
Substances and the form of a substance used in a chemical
process should be chosen to minimize the potential for
chemical accidents, including releases, explosions, and fires.
3/29/2018 7Green Chemistry Applications
8. • A dry media reaction or solid-state reaction or solventless
reaction is a chemical reaction system in the absence of a
solvent.1 The drive for the development of dry media
reactions in chemistry is: · Economics (save money on
solvent) · Not required to remove a solvent after reaction
completion ultimetly purification step not required · Reaction
rate is high due more avaibility of reactants · Environmentaly
friendly because solvent is not required · Some of the
drawbacks are: · Homogenous reactants should mix to a
system · Viscosity high in reaction sysyem · Unsuitable for
solvent assisted chemical reactions
3/29/2018 8Green Chemistry Applications
11. • As originally defined by Arthur Michael, the reaction is the
addition of an enolate of a ketone or aldehyde to an α,β-
unsaturated carbonyl compound at the β carbon. A newer
definition, proposed by Kohler,is the 1,4-addition of a doubly
stabilized carbon nucleophile to an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl
compound.
3/29/2018 11Green Chemistry Applications
13. • Aziridines are organic compounds containing
the aziridine functional group, a three-
membered heterocycle with one amine
group (-NH-) and two methylene bridges (-CH
2-).[5][6] The parent compound is aziridine (or
ethylene imine),
3/29/2018 13Green Chemistry Applications
14. • Eco-friendly direct solvent-free synthesis of
flavones is achieved by microwave irradiation
of phloroglucinol and β-ketoesters. Heating
with microwaves versus under classical
conditions was shown to be higher yielding,
cleaner, and faster. The reaction goes through
a cycloaddition of an α-oxo ketene
intermediate followed by an uncatalyzed
thermal Fries rearrangement.
3/29/2018 14Green Chemistry Applications
15. • aqueous phase The water portion of a system
consisting of two liquid phases, one that is
primarily water and a second that is a liquid
immiscible with water.
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17. • Microwave chemistry is the science of applying microwave radiation to
chemical reactions. Microwaves act as high frequency electric fields and
will generally heat any material containing mobile electric charges, such as
polar molecules in a solvent or conducting ions in a solid.
Polar solvents are heated as their component molecules are forced to
rotate with the field and lose energy in collisions. Semiconducting and
conducting samples heat when ions or electrons within them form
an electric current and energy is lost due to the electrical resistance of the
material. Microwave heating in the laboratory began to gain wide
acceptance following papers in 1986,[although the use of microwave
heating in chemical modification can be traced back to the 1950s.
Although occasionally known by such acronyms as MAOS (Microwave-
Assisted Organic Synthesis),MEC(Microwave-Enhanced Chemistry)
or MORE synthesis (Microwave-organic Reaction Enhancement), these
acronyms have had little acceptance outside a small number of groups.
3/29/2018 17Green Chemistry Applications
18. • By the use of thess method is easy to carryout
reactions with out using solvents
3/29/2018 18Green Chemistry Applications
20. • In the alkaline hydrolysis of esters and amides the
hydroxide ion nucleophile attacks the carbonyl carbon in
a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction. This mechanism is
supported by isotope labeling experiments. For example,
when ethyl propionate with an oxygen-18 labeled ethoxy
group is treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the
oxygen-18 is completely absent from the sodium
propionate product and is found exclusively in
the ethanol formed.
3/29/2018 20Green Chemistry Applications
25. • In chemistry, a phase-transfer catalyst or PTC is a catalyst that facilitates the migration of a
reactant from one phase into another phase where reaction occurs. Phase-transfer
catalysis is a special form of heterogeneous catalysis. Ionic reactants are often soluble in
an aqueous phase but insoluble in an organic phase in the absence of the phase-transfer
catalyst. The catalyst functions like a detergent for solubilizing the salts into the organic
phase. Phase-transfer catalysis refers to the acceleration of the reaction upon the addition
of the phase-transfer catalyst.
• By using a PTC process, one can achieve faster reactions, obtain higher conversions or
yields, make fewer byproducts, eliminate the need for expensive or dangerous solvents
that will dissolve all the reactants in one phase, eliminate the need for expensive raw
materials and/or minimize waste problems. Phase-transfer catalysts are especially useful
in green chemistry — by allowing the use of water, the need for organic solvents is
reduced.[1][2]
• Contrary to common perception, PTC is not limited to systems
with hydrophilic and hydrophobic reactants. PTC is sometimes employed in liquid/solid and
liquid/gas reactions. As the name implies, one or more of the reactants are transported
into a second phase which contains both reactants.
•
3/29/2018 25Green Chemistry Applications
27. • Ultrasound is sound
waves with frequencies higher
than the upper audible limit of
human hearing. Ultrasound is no
different from 'normal' (audible)
sound in its physical properties,
except in that humans cannot
hear it. This limit varies from
person to person and is
approximately
20 kilohertz (20,000 hertz) in
healthy, young adults. Ultrasound
devices operate with frequencies
from 20 kHz up to several
gigahertz .
3/29/2018 27Green Chemistry Applications
29. • Regular achiral organocatalysts are based on nitrogen such
as piperidine used in the Knoevenagel condensation.[11] DMAP used
in esterfications and DABCO used in the Baylis-Hillman
reaction. Thiazolium salts are employed in the Stetter reaction. These
catalysts and reactions have a long history but current interest in
organocatalysis is focused on asymmetric catalysis with chiral catalysts,
called asymmetric organocatalysis or enantioselective organocatalysis. A
pioneering reaction developed in the 1970s is called the Hajos–Parrish–
Eder–Sauer–Wiechert reaction. Between 1968 and 1997, there were only
a few reports of the use of small organic molecules as catalysts for
asymmetric reactions (the Hajos–Parrish reaction probably being the most
famous), but these chemical studies were viewed more as unique
chemical reactions than as integral parts of a larger, interconnected field.[1
• 2]
3/29/2018 29Green Chemistry Applications
31. • An ionic liquid (IL) is a salt in the liquid state. In some contexts, the
term has been restricted to salts whose melting point is below
some arbitrary temperature, such as 100 °C (212 °F). While ordinary
liquids such as water and gasoline are predominantly made
of electrically neutral molecules, ionic liquids are largely made
of ions and short-lived ion pairs. These substances are variously
called liquid electrolytes, ionic melts, ionic fluids, fused
salts, liquid salts, or ionic glasses. They are known as "solvents of
the future" as well as "designer solvents".
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32. Acknowledgement of SEMINAR
I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would
not have been possible without the kind support and
help of many individuals and organizations. I would
like to extend my sincere thanks to
DR.V.JAGADESWER
I would like to express my gratitude towards my
parents & member of ( UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF
SCIENCE SAUFABAD CHEMISTRY )for their kind
co-operation and encouragement which help me in
completion of this SEMINAR
3/29/2018 32Green Chemistry Applications