Modals are verbs that are considered "incomplete" because they act partly like verbs but not completely. There are core modals like shall, should, will, would, may, might, can, could that are followed by the base form of other verbs and don't take -s in the third person singular. Modals have similar meanings to expressions like "have to", "be supposed to", "be allowed to", and "ought to". Modals can be tricky because their meanings change in the negative and past tense forms.

1. Grammar Talk: Unit 5Page 75

2. English modals are sometimes called “incomplete verbs.” That is because they act like verbs in some ways, but not in others.

3. The Modals are:shall and should

4. will and would

5. may and might

6. can and couldModals are different from other verbs!They don’t take –s in the third person singular (he/she/it)Example: He eats, but he must eat.A modal is always followed by the base form (dictionary form) of another verb.There are other expressions that we often study at the same time as we study modals because they have similar meanings. We call these “modal-like expressions”:- to have to- to be supposed to- to be allowed to-ought to

7. Modals are TRICKY!Funny things happen in the negative!(For example, must = have to, but “mustn’t” and “don’t have to” have different meanings.)And modals OFTEN change meaning in the past tense!

8. Obligation (Necessity)

9. Advice

10. Expectation

11. Suggestion