Understanding Clauses and Phrases
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This document provides information about phrases and clauses. It defines a phrase as a group of related words that does not include both a subject and a verb, while a clause contains both a subject and a verb. Phrases cannot stand alone as sentences, but clauses may be able to. The document then discusses different types of clauses, including independent clauses that can stand alone as sentences, and subordinate clauses that cannot. It also covers relative clauses and how clauses can be connected using coordinating and subordinating conjunctions. Various examples of phrases, clauses, and clause types are provided.
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Understanding Clauses and Phrases
- 2. CLAUSES PHRASES A phrase is a group of related words that does not include a subject or a verb, or both. A clause is a group of related words that contain both a subject and a verb/predicate.
- 3. CLAUSES PHRASES A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence. Clauses may be able to stand alone as a sentence
- 4. CLAUSES PHRASES “On this bright and sunny Monday morning, we are going to tell you about Phrases and Clauses.” “Nobody really wants to listen to our presentation, but we’re making you anyway!”
- 5. CLAUSES PHRASES Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. • I cannot move because my back hurts. • who was running really quickly • Josie could swim really quickly. • which was really smelly
- 6. CLAUSES PHRASES Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. • who was running really quickly • Josie could swim really quickly. • which was really smelly
- 7. CLAUSES PHRASES Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. sentence • who was running really quickly • Josie could swim really quickly. • which was really smelly
- 8. CLAUSES PHRASES Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. sentence • who was running really quickly. clause • Josie could swim really quickly. • which was really smelly
- 9. CLAUSES PHRASES Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. sentence • who was running really quickly. clause • Josie could swim really quickly. sentence • which was really smelly
- 10. CLAUSES PHRASES Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. sentence • who was running really quickly. clause • Josie could swim really quickly. sentence • which was really happy. clause
- 11. CLAUSES PHRASES Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room 2.The cat went under the bed 3.Until next week 4.Quickly walking to the store 5.Yet they tried
- 12. CLAUSES PHRASES Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed 3.Until next week 4.Quickly walking to the store 5.Yet they tried
- 13. CLAUSES PHRASES Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed Clause 3.Until next week 4.Quickly walking to the store 5.Yet they tried
- 14. CLAUSES PHRASES Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed Clause 3.Until next week phrase 4.Quickly walking to the store 5.Yet they tried
- 15. CLAUSES PHRASES Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed Clause 3.Until next week phrase 4.Quickly walking to the store phrase 5.Yet they tried
- 16. CLAUSES PHRASES Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed Clause 3.Until next week phrase 4.Quickly walking to the store phrase 5.Yet they tried clause
- 17. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of ______ and does not contain both a _______ and a _______. 2. A phrase ______ stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. CLAUSES PHRASES
- 18. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a _______ and a _______. 2. A phrase ______ stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. CLAUSES PHRASES
- 19. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a _______. 2. A phrase ______ stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. CLAUSES PHRASES
- 20. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase ______ stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. CLAUSES PHRASES
- 21. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. CLAUSES PHRASES
- 22. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a subject and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. CLAUSES PHRASES
- 23. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a subject and a verb. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. CLAUSES PHRASES
- 24. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a subject and a verb. 4. A clause can stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. CLAUSES PHRASES
- 25. HOW MANY TYPES ARE THERE? CLAUSES PHRASES
- 28. CLAUSES PHRASES 1. Independent Is a complete sentence that MUST HAVE a subject and a verb which agree. It conveys a complete thought.
- 29. CLAUSES PHRASES 1. Independent The frustrated, irritated teachers finally understood the basic grammar concepts.
- 30. CLAUSES PHRASES 1. An Independent clause = Sentence
- 31. CLAUSES PHRASES 2. Subordinate Dependent Fragment these cannot stand by themselves. They must be combined with an independent clause in order to make sense.
- 32. CLAUSES PHRASES 2. Subordinate Dependent fragment “We want you to listen to this presentation, because we think it will be useful to you.”
- 33. CLAUSES PHRASES 2. Independent “We want you to listen to this presentation, because we think it will be useful to you.” 2. Subordinate Dependent Fragment “We want you to listen to this presentation, because we think it will be useful to you.”
- 34. CLAUSES PHRASES How can you connect clauses?
- 39. CLAUSES PHRASES Relative Pronouns Who Which That Whom whose Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective Relative adverbs When Where why It answers questions such as *which one? *what kind? *how many?
- 40. CLAUSES PHRASES Examples: When we go to the movies, we always buy popcorn. Those are the two children who walked out of the store ………that helped us Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective
- 41. CLAUSES PHRASES NonesentialEssential You need it Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective
- 42. CLAUSES PHRASES NonesentialEssential Laura and her friend Juliette, who is the oldest of the two, enjoy spending time together. Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective
- 43. CLAUSES PHRASES NonesentialEssential Laura and her friend Juliette, who is the oldest of the two, enjoy spending time together. Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective
- 44. CLAUSES PHRASES NonesentialEssential Laura and her friend Juliette, who is the oldest of the two, enjoy spending time together. Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective
- 47. CLAUSES PHRASES John did his homework before he went to bed. Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent
- 48. CLAUSES PHRASES John did his homework before he went to bed. Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent
- 49. CLAUSES PHRASES If you help me, I will help you! Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent
- 50. CLAUSES PHRASES If you help me, I will help you! Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent
- 51. CLAUSES PHRASES She is very fit because she goes running every day. Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent
- 52. CLAUSES PHRASES She is very fit because she goes running every day. Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent
- 53. CLAUSES PHRASES After the movie was over, we went out to eat. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 54. CLAUSES PHRASES After the movie was over, we went out to eat. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 55. CLAUSES PHRASES He doesn’t know what he’s going to do now Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 56. CLAUSES PHRASES He doesn’t know what he’s going to do now Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 57. CLAUSES PHRASES The kids who started out with the highest scores actually finished near the bottom. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 58. CLAUSES PHRASES The kids who started out with the highest scores actually finished near the bottom. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 59. CLAUSES PHRASES That history test, which was supposed to be so hard, turned out to be quite easy. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 60. CLAUSES PHRASES That history test, which was supposed to be so hard, turned out to be quite easy. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 61. CLAUSES PHRASES I won’t be able to go to college unless I get a good grade in chemistry. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 62. CLAUSES PHRASES I won’t be able to go to college unless I get a good grade in chemistry. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 63. CLAUSES PHRASES What I did yesterday is none of your business. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 64. CLAUSES PHRASES What I did yesterday is none of your business. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 65. CLAUSES PHRASES Whatever you want to do for your birthday is fine with me. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 66. CLAUSES PHRASES Whatever you want to do for your birthday is fine with me. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 67. CLAUSES PHRASES While the local people were trying to escape, the tsunami washed over their town. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 68. CLAUSES PHRASES While the local people were trying to escape, the tsunami washed over their town. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause
- 71. CLAUSES PHRASES 1. Noun Phrase A complete subject with all its modifiers The frustrated, irritated teachers... • Noun: teachers • Modifiers: the, frustrated, irritated
- 72. CLAUSES PHRASES 2. Preposition The frustrated, irritated teachers enrolled in Mr. Ruff’s “ Grammar for Dummies” class. • preposition - in • object of the preposition - class • modifiers – Mr. Ruff’s, “Grammar for Dummies”
- 73. CLAUSES PHRASES Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird.
- 74. CLAUSES PHRASES Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird.
- 75. CLAUSES PHRASES Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird.
- 76. CLAUSES PHRASES Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird.
- 77. CLAUSES PHRASES Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird.
- 78. CLAUSES PHRASES 3. Appositives A noun phrase that renames the noun it follows. Brad Ruff, the grammar guru, empowers teachers.
- 79. CLAUSES PHRASES 4. Verb phrase Defined as a verb with all of its modifiers …would like to improve her grammar skills. • Verb phrase - would like to improve
- 80. CLAUSES PHRASES Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase As a souvenir, Mary bought herself a beautiful, oval-shaped, soft pink pearl.
- 81. CLAUSES PHRASES Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase As a souvenir, Mary bought herself a beautiful, oval-shaped, soft pink pearl.
- 82. CLAUSES PHRASES Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase Once at the beach, they all settled down on lounge chairs.
- 83. CLAUSES PHRASES Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase Once at the beach, they all settled down on lounge chairs.
- 84. CLAUSES PHRASES Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase Patricia would have gone for a walk to explore the surroundings had others been interested.
- 85. CLAUSES PHRASES Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase Patricia would have gone for a walk to explore the surroundings had others been interested.
- 87. CLAUSES PHRASES Phrase Not a full sentence Not a complete thought Prepositional phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase Verb phrase Can have a subject or a verb or neither Clause Has a subject Has a verb Independent & Dependent=Subordinate Can express a complete thought
- 88. CLAUSES PHRASES