This document is a Spanish grammar book that provides an overview of various grammar topics in 9 chapters: 1) Subjunctive in adjective clauses 2) Tu commands 3) Nosotros commands 4) Past participles used as adjectives 5) Present perfect 6) Past perfect 7) Future tense 8) Conditional tense 9) Past subjunctive Each chapter explains the formation and use of the grammar points covered in that section, along with examples. The document serves as a reference for different aspects of Spanish grammar.

1. Libro de gramatica
Liliana
smoot

2. Table of Contents
1) Subjunctive in Adjective Clauses
2) Tu Commands
3) Nosotros Commands
4) Past Participles Used as Adjectives
5) Present Perfect
6) Past Perfect
7) Future Tense
8) Conditional Tense
9) Past Subjunctive

3. Subjunctive in Adjective Clauses
Adjective clauses are clauses that modify a
noun or pronoun in the main clause of a
sentence. The subjunctive is used to
refer to a person, place, thing, or idea
that either does not exist or whose
existence is uncertain.
Subjunctives almost always use the word
“que” before the conjugated verb.
Examples of irregulars
Haber
Dormir
Conocer
Querer
Saber
Tengo un amigo que juga al patin.
Buscan a la casa que cueste
menos.

4. Tu Commands
 Hablar > habla
 Volver > vuelve
 Ir and ver > ve
 Negative: put in yo form and
change to opposite vowel, add an s
 Affirmative: drop the s
Irregulars
decir > di
hacer > haz
ir > ve
poner > pon
salir > sal
ser > se
tener > ten
venir > ven
Irregulars for Negative
TVDISHES
No escribas.
Escucha a musica.

5. Nosotros Commands
 Affirmative: put in yo form
and then change to the
opposite vowel
 Negative: same! Then add
“no”
T tener: tengamos
V venir: vengamos
D dar: demos; decir: digamos
I ir: vayamos
S ser: seamos
H hacer: hagamos; haber: hayamos
E estar: estemos
S saber: sepamos
T
V
D
I
S
H
E
S
Vamos!

6. Past Participles Used as Adjectives
Abrir-abierto
Poner- puesto
Describir-
descrito
Decir-
dicho
Morir-
muerto
Hacer-
hecho
Escribir-
escrito
Descubrir-
descubierto
AR- Ado
ER/IR- Ido
La puerta esta cerrada.
La puerta etsa abierta.

7. Present Perfect
Present tense of haber + past participle
he, has, ha, hemos, han

8. 16. Past Perfect
 Used to talk about what someone had done
or what had occurred before another past
action, event, or state.
 Often used with the word ya (which means
already)
◦ Cannot be placed between haber and past participle
◦ Julia ya se habia acostado. (Julia had already gone
to bed.)
 Imperfect tense of haber + past participle
◦ Habia hecho
◦ Habia occurrido

9. Future Tense
é
ás
á
emos
án
Irregulars
Decir Dir-
Hacer Har-
Poner Pondr-
Salir Saldr-
Tener Tendr-
Venir Vendr-
Poder Podr-
Querer Querr-
Saber Sabr-
Inifnitive +
Hará tacos a la escuela.
Saldré a la mañana.

10. Conditional Tense
ía íamos
ías
ía ían
All endings
are the same
for er, ir, and
ar.
Decir Dir-
Hacer Har-
Poner Pondr-
Salir Saldr-
Tener Tendr-
Venir Vendr-
Poder Podr-
Querer Querr-
Saber Sabr-
Irregulars
would/could/should
Estudiaría para mi
examen.
Querería una limonada.

11. Past Subjunctive
Drop the -ron
ending from third
person plural
preterite form of
verb
AR/ER/IR
-ra
-ras
-ra
-ramos
-ran
“Si tuviera más dinero, viajaría por
todo el mundo.”
“Si yo fuera tú, no lo haría.”

12. Fin 