The document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English: zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional, and third conditional. It provides the patterns and uses for each type of conditional. Examples are given for each conditional along with answers to practice questions to illustrate the different conditional forms.

1. Made by: Ilseyar Shakirova

2. *There are several structures in English that
are called conditionals.
*Conditional sentences usually consist of two
clauses: a conditional clause (or if clause)
and a main clause (or result clause).
*The result in the main clause is dependent on
the condition in the conditional clause. This
unit looks at the basic types of conditional
sentence, and some variations on these, and
introduces a number of words and phrases
used to express conditions.

3. * Zero Conditional
* Pattern
* Use
* First Conditional
* Pattern
* Use
* Second Conditional
* Pattern
* Use
* Third Conditional
* Pattern
* Use
* Test
* Answers
* Zero Conditional
* First Conditional
* Second Conditional
* Third Conditional
* Test
* Additional materials

4. * Zero Conditional is formed in this way:
If + Present Simple, Present Simple
If you want to study in USA, you have to pass an exam in English.
We use the Zero Conditional to describe rules, situations where one event
always follows the other and eternal truths.
We use the zero conditional to talk about events or situations that can occur at
any time, and often occur more than once, and their results.
We also use the zero conditional to talk about actions which always have the
same result.
In Zero Conditional sentences If can be replaced by When without violating the
meaning.
If/When I eat dairy products, I get red spots on my skin.
If/When can be replaced by when in this type of conditional sentence:
If/When you press this key, the game starts, and when you click here, it stops.

5. Choose the correct form of the word:
2. If the temperature (to be) 100 ̊ C,
water (to boil). HELP
3. If you (to work), you (to
earn) money. HELP
4. If you (to use) a very hot iron on
nylon, it (to melt). HELP
Answers

6. The First Conditional is formed in this way:
If + Present Simple, will + infinitive without to
If I pass my exam, I will go on a long holiday.
We use First Conditional to talk about possible future event that depend
on other future events.
We use the first conditional to describe possible future events or
situations and their results.
If the result of the test is negative, you’ll receive notification through
the post.
The bank will be starting a recruitment drive if it receives head office
approval.
Note!
It is usually incorrect to use a future form in the if clause:
x If the weather will be good tomorrow, we'll have a picnic.
 If the weather is good tomorrow, we’ll have a picnic.

7. 1. If I (to receive) the Visa, I (to
HELP
go) to the USA.
2. If you (to tease) the dog, it (to
HELP
bite) you.
3. Unless you (to apply) immediately, you
(to get) the scholarship. HELP
4. If I (to go) to the gym now, I
HELP
(to become) thinner till summer.
Answers

8. Second Conditional is formed in this way:
If + Past Simple, would/could/might + infinitive without to
If I had money, I would love to do something like that.
We use Second Conditional to talk about imagined, impossible or unlikely events.
The second conditional has two main meanings.
1. It can describe an improbable future event or situation. The condition is
unlikely to be fulfilled because the future event is unlikely to happen:
If the result of the test were positive, we would call you within two days.
2. It can also describe a hypothetical current situation or event, i.e. one which is
contrary to known facts. It is therefore impossible to fulfill the condition:
If the police were confident of their case against Sykes, surely they wouldn’t
hesitate to take him into custody? (= The police aren’t confident of their case.)

9. 1. I (to work) harder, if they (to give)
me a chance to study abroad. HELP
2. If I (to have) more money, I (to go)
HELP
with you.
3. If I (to be) you, I (to visit) such
cities as Prague and Berlin. HELP
4. If I (to be) in the USA now, I (to be
HELP
afraid) of the tornado.
Answers

10. Third Conditional is formed in this way:
If + Past Perfect, would/could/might + perfect infinitive
If he had studied better in school, he could have entered a better
university.
We use Third Conditional to talk about imagined, impossible or
unreal situations in the past or to imagine situations that did not
happened.
The third conditional describes a hypothetical situation or event in
the past. The past situation or event is contrary to known facts, i.e.
it is an unreal or impossible situation.
We can use the third conditional to express criticism:
If you’d been driving more slowly, you could have stopped in time.

11. 1. If he (to go) by that plane, he
HELP
(to die).
2. If they (to argue), they (to HELP
spend) the weekend together.
3. If she (to be dressed up) in a more HELP
modest way, she (to be allowed) to
enter that restaurant.
4. If I (to go) to the USA last year, I
HELP
(not to meet) my friend there.
Answers

12. * If you travel abroad for your holidays, what with your
beloved pet dog?
A. do you do B. will you do C. would you do
* If I more artistic, I would study fine arts.
A. had been B. were C. would be
* Unless the police the murderer, citizens won’t let their
children walk alone.
A. catches B. caught C. had caught
* If I the second cup of coffee, I wouldn’t feel such strong
headache.
A. drink B. drank C. hadn’t drunk
* If he really worry, he would have already called.
A. had been B. was C. has been Answers

13. Zero Conditional
 If the temperature is 100 ̊ C, water boils.
 If you work, you earn money.
 If you use a very hot iron on nylon, it
melts.

14. First Conditionals
* If I receive the Visa, I will go to the USA.
* If you tease the dog, it bites you.
* Unless you apply immediately, you will
not get the scholarship.
* If I go to the gym now, I will become
thinner till summer.

15. Second Conditional
* I would work harder, if they gave me a
chance to study abroad.
* If I had more money, I would go with
you.
* If I were you, I would visit such cities as
Prague and Berlin.
* If I were in the USA now, I would be
afraid of the tornado.

16. Third Conditional
* If he had gone by that plane, he would have
died.
* If they hadn’t argued, they would have
spent the weekend together.
* If she had been dressed up in a more
modest way, she would have been allowed
to enter that restaurant.
* If I hadn’t gone to the USA last year, I
wouldn’t have met my friend there.

17. Test
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. A

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