The document discusses English verb tenses, aspects, and moods. It explains that there are two main tenses in English - present and past tense. It also covers aspects like progressive, perfect, and perfect progressive. Aspect expresses the temporal structure of an action. Finally, it discusses moods like indicative, subjunctive, and imperative which convey attitude and manner of expression. Examples are provided for each category to illustrate their uses.

1. TENSE-ASPECT-
MOOD
Yolan Cesar D. Zea

2. TENSE
is a form of a verb that
is used to show when an action
happened. There are only two
genuine tenses in
English (present and past),
although the future is also
frequently referred to as a tense.

3. Present Tense
signifies action, being or state of
being in present time.
Examples:
1.My brother walks around the
subdivision every morning.
2.The birds fly back to their nest
at noon.

4. Past Tense
signifies action, being or state of
being that has been done already in
the past.
Examples:
1.The chef cooked a delicious meal
for the guests.
2. She bought some donuts a while
ago.

5. Future Tense
signifies action still to be done or
to happen in some future time. We
use will or shall plus the simple
form of the verb.
Examples:
1.He will sing tomorrow.
2.Shall we attend the party tonight?

6. ASPECT
is the expression of the temporal
structure of an action or state.
Aspect expresses on going
actions or states with or without
distinct end points. English has
three aspects: progressive, perfect
and perfect-progressive.

7. Present Progressive
indicates continuing action, something
going on now.
This is formed with the helping
"to be" verb, in the present tense,
plus the present participle of the verb
(with an -ing ending).
Progressive Tense

8. Examples:
1. The summer is passing too quickly.
2. Raoul is acting like his father.
3. She is working through the holiday
break.

9. Past Progressive
indicates continuing action,
something that was happening,
going on, at some point in the past.
This is formed with the helping "to be"
verb, in the past tense,
plus the present participle of the verb
(with an -ing ending).

10. Examples:
1. I was riding my bike all day
yesterday.
2. Joel was being a terrible role model
for his younger brother.
3. They were dancing a lot last night.

11. Future Progressive
indicates continuing action, something
that will be happening, going on, at
some point in the future.
This is formed with the modal "will
or shall" plus "be," plus the present
participle of the verb.

12. Examples:
1. By this time, tomorrow night, I
will be sleeping in my own bed.
2. Next fall, we will be enjoying all
the vegetables we planted last spring.
3. Will we be spending too much money
if we buy that big-screen TV?

13. Perfect Tense
Present Perfect
is formed with a present tense form
of "to have" plus the past participle
of the verb. This indicates either that
an action was completed (finished or
"perfected") at some point in the
past or that the action
extends to the present.

14. Examples:
1. I have walked two miles already.
2. I have studied up to now.
3. The company's current CEO has
lied repeatedly to her employees.

15. Past Perfect
indicates that an action was
completed (finished or "perfected")
at some point in the past before
something else happened. This
tense is formed with the past tense
form HAD plus the past participle
of the verb.

16. Examples:
1. I had walked two miles by lunch time.
2. I had run three other marathons before
entering the Boston Marathon .
3. She had swum the English Channel
every summer until 1997.

17. Future Perfect
indicates that an action will have
been completed (finished or
"perfected") at some point in the
future. This is formed with "will"
plus "have" plus the past participle
of the verb.

18. Examples:
• I will have spent all my money
by this time next year.
• I will have run successfully in three
marathons if I can finish this one.
• By this time next week, I will have
worked on this project for twenty
days.

19. Perfect-Progressive Tense
expresses incomplete or
ongoing actions or states that
began in the past and continue to
a specific time.

20. Present-Perfect Progressive
indicates a continuous action that
has been finished at some point in
the past or that was initiated in the
past and continues to happen. This
is formed with the modal "HAVE" or
"HAS" plus "BEEN" plus the
present participle.

21. Examples:
1. Maria has been writing her dissertation
for the last six years, but she
finished yesterday.
1. She has been running and her heart is
still beating fast.
2. The Redsox have been losing games
since the All-Star break until now.

22. Past-Perfect Progressive
indicates a continuous action that was
completed at some point in the
past. This is formed with the modal
“HAD" plus "BEEN," plus the present
participle of the verb.

23. Examples:
1. I had been working in the garden all
morning.
2. George had been painting his house for
weeks, but he finally gave up.
3. Had they been cheating on the exams
before the school put monitors in the
classroom?

24. Future-Perfect Progressive
indicates a continuous action that
will be completed at some point in
the future. This tense is formed with
the modal "WILL" plus the modal
"HAVE" plus "BEEN" plus the
present participle of the verb.

25. Examples:
1. Next Thursday, I will have been
working on this project for three years.
2. By the time he finishes this semester,
Gerald will have been studying nothing
but parasites for four years.
3. Will they have been testing these
materials in the lab before we even
get there?

26. MOODS
• conveys the speaker's attitude
about the state of being of what
the sentence describes.
• is the form of the verb that
shows the mode or manner in
which a thought is expressed.

27. Indicative Mood
is used to express a fact. Being
sure of the speaker’s attitude (not a
wishful thought or command).
Examples:
1.We want to get high grades.
2.The topic requires research.
3.She needs a shower.

28. Subjunctive Mood
expresses doubt or something contrary
to fact. It states probability, possibility
and wishful thoughts. (if, maybe, may,
probably, wish)
Examples:
1.If I should see him, I would tell him.
2.May you live long and prosper.

29. Imperative Mood
expresses command, prohibition,
entreaty (petition), or advice.
Examples:
1. Don’t smoke in this building.
2. Be careful!
3. Don’t drown that puppy!

30. Questions:
Identify of what tense/aspect are the following
sentences:
1.Right now, you are typing the computer.
(present progressive)
2. You have visited Argentina before.
(present perfect)
3. I had been working with the project all day.
(past perfect-progressive)

31. END
Thank you
very much.
Good life to

32. References:
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Retrieved 01 06, 2015, from
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For ESL Students. Retrieved from
http://www.brighthubeducation.com/.
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For ESL Students. Retrieved 01 7, 2015, from
http://www.brighthubeducation.com/:
http://goo.gl/yN9dNN
• Kosur, H. M. (2013, 12 2). The Formation and Use of
the Perfect Aspect in English. Retrieved 01 7, 2015,
from http://www.brighthub.com/: http://goo.gl/GDJk3V

33. • Kosur, H. M. (2013, 12 2). The Formation and Use of
the Perfect-Progressive Aspect in English. Retrieved
01 7, 2015, from
http://www.brighthubeducation.com/:
http://goo.gl/Rw2Pcj
• Buenaventura, R. B. (2011). Grammar in Focus.
Quezon City: SIBS Publishing House.
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http://www.dailywritingtips.com/: http://goo.gl/jA4hHE
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