The Golgi apparatus was discovered in 1897 by Italian physician Camillo Golgi during his investigation of the nervous system. It is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells that modifies and packages macromolecules. The Golgi apparatus consists of a series of flattened disks called cisternae that are organized into stacks. Vesicles bud off the endoplasmic reticulum and fuse with the cis Golgi network, and vesicles then bud off the trans Golgi network to transport cargo to other parts of the cell or for secretion. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying and sorting macromolecules synthesized by the cell.

1. “Cell and Molecular
Biology”
Rida Shahzad
13091514-079

2. Golgi apparatus
discovery, subcellular
localization, structure,
function and vesicular
transport
Presentation Topic:

3. Golgi Discovery:
also known as
Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi.
an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.
was identified in 1897 by the Italian physician.
“Camillo Golgi”
named after him in 1898

4. Golgi Discovery
Owing to it’s larger size,
it was one of the first
organelles to be
discovered and
observed.
Camillo discovered it,
during an investigation
of nervous system.

5. Subcellular localization
In mammals
Single Golgi body is near the cell nucleus, close to
centrosome.
Tubular connections responsible for linking stacks
together.
Are dependent on microtubules.
If microtubules are depolymerized:
Then Golgi apparatus loses connection.
And becomes individual stacks throughout the
cytoplasm.

6. Structure
In most eukaryotes,
Golgi apparatus is made
up of a series of
compartments
consisting of two main
networks:
cis Golgi network
(CGN)
trans Golgi network
(TGN).

7. Structure
CGN is a collection of
 Fused.
 flattened membrane-enclosed disks.
 known as cisternae.
 originating from vesicular clusters.
 that bud off the endoplasmic reticulum.
A mammalian cell typically contains 40 to 100 stacks.
Golgi body is absent in few cell types,
 such as mammalian RBC’s.
 Sperm cells of bryophytes.

8. How stacks are formed?

9. Functions:
 The cell synthesize a huge
amount of variety of
macromolecules.
 main function is to modify, sort
and package the macromolecules
 that are synthesized by the
cells.
 for secretion purposes or for
use within the cell.
 mainly modifies the proteins
that are prepared by the RER.
 Create lysosomes.

10. Vesicular transport
Is the active movement
of substances across
the cell membrane
through vesicles.
Vesicles form from the
Endoplasmic reticulum.
Golgi apparatus.
plasma membrane.

11. Vesicular transport
Transport between compartments takes place via
vesicles.
Membranes, with both proteins and lipids, and the
soluble proteins contained within the vesicles are
transported.
For example, once the proteins are in the ER, they
are transported by vesicles that bud off of the ER
and fuse with the membrane of the target
compartment.

12. Vesicular transport
1-Exocytosis
2-Endocytosis
Phagocytosis.
Pinocytosis.
Receptor mediated.

13. Exocytosis and Exocytosis

14. Pinocytosis, Phagocytosis, Receptor
Mediated Endocytosis…

15. Thank you!
