In a world characterized by globalization and shaped by information and communication, the ability to act on information flows, and on media messages, becomes an essential tool for fostering a political agenda. With noopolitik, diplomacy will now include not only governments but also the societies they represent.
Introduction to the Global Digital DivideNiamh Headon
Introduction and brief overview the Global Digital Divide.
Definition
Internet access & Globalization of technology and technology skills
Challenges of Global Digital Access
World Summit on the Information Society
Education & Economics
Effective Government
Cultural and Economic differences
Social Class and Access to Technology
Individuals with disability
Presentation held by Mr.Goran Mitreski as a part of the Digital Divide Session at the 8th SEEITA and 7th MASIT Open Days Conference, 14th-15th October, 2010
There are three main types of digital divides discussed in the document. First, the divide between those who have access to digital technology and those who do not due to socioeconomic barriers. Second, the divide between those who actively use technology, known as digital natives, and those who do not due to a lack of digital literacy skills. And third, the divide caused by policies that restrict access to technology through filtering and blocking in schools and libraries. Bridging these divides requires expanding access, increasing media literacy education, and reducing restrictions on technology use.
I made this all by myself for my CLASS 10 school project.
Now I'am sharing this to you.
My email is : alent1998@gmail.com
alent1998@hotmail.com
alenvarghese@rocketmail.com
Globalization, ICTs, and the Information societyBoutkhil Guemide
This document provides an outline for a lecture on globalization, information and communication technologies (ICTs), and the information society. It begins with introductions to globalization, defining it as the flow of goods, services, capital, people, information and ideas across borders. It describes characteristics of globalization like transparency, connectivity, and the role of science and technology. It then discusses impacts of globalization, both positive like economic growth, and negative like increased competition. The document outlines how ICTs like the internet and mobile phones have increased globalization by reducing barriers. It defines the information society and references theorists like Daniel Bell and Manuel Castells who see it as successor to industrial society based on information.
The document discusses the digital divide, which refers to unequal access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) between individuals, households, businesses and nations. The digital divide exists due to differences in access to the internet, skills to use digital technologies, and ability to afford ICT services. Lower income households are much less likely to have internet access compared to higher income households. Reducing the digital divide requires improving access to affordable broadband, increasing digital literacy, and ensuring online content is relevant and accessible to underserved groups.
Globalization refers to the increasing integration and interdependence of national economies through cross-border movement of goods, services, technology and capital. Over time, advances in transportation and communication technologies have facilitated closer connections between societies around the world. While globalization has connected people in new ways and increased economic opportunities in some areas, it has also led to changes in culture and inequality, posing challenges for governments and societies to address.
Introduction to the Global Digital DivideNiamh Headon
Introduction and brief overview the Global Digital Divide.
Definition
Internet access & Globalization of technology and technology skills
Challenges of Global Digital Access
World Summit on the Information Society
Education & Economics
Effective Government
Cultural and Economic differences
Social Class and Access to Technology
Individuals with disability
Presentation held by Mr.Goran Mitreski as a part of the Digital Divide Session at the 8th SEEITA and 7th MASIT Open Days Conference, 14th-15th October, 2010
There are three main types of digital divides discussed in the document. First, the divide between those who have access to digital technology and those who do not due to socioeconomic barriers. Second, the divide between those who actively use technology, known as digital natives, and those who do not due to a lack of digital literacy skills. And third, the divide caused by policies that restrict access to technology through filtering and blocking in schools and libraries. Bridging these divides requires expanding access, increasing media literacy education, and reducing restrictions on technology use.
I made this all by myself for my CLASS 10 school project.
Now I'am sharing this to you.
My email is : alent1998@gmail.com
alent1998@hotmail.com
alenvarghese@rocketmail.com
Globalization, ICTs, and the Information societyBoutkhil Guemide
This document provides an outline for a lecture on globalization, information and communication technologies (ICTs), and the information society. It begins with introductions to globalization, defining it as the flow of goods, services, capital, people, information and ideas across borders. It describes characteristics of globalization like transparency, connectivity, and the role of science and technology. It then discusses impacts of globalization, both positive like economic growth, and negative like increased competition. The document outlines how ICTs like the internet and mobile phones have increased globalization by reducing barriers. It defines the information society and references theorists like Daniel Bell and Manuel Castells who see it as successor to industrial society based on information.
The document discusses the digital divide, which refers to unequal access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) between individuals, households, businesses and nations. The digital divide exists due to differences in access to the internet, skills to use digital technologies, and ability to afford ICT services. Lower income households are much less likely to have internet access compared to higher income households. Reducing the digital divide requires improving access to affordable broadband, increasing digital literacy, and ensuring online content is relevant and accessible to underserved groups.
Globalization refers to the increasing integration and interdependence of national economies through cross-border movement of goods, services, technology and capital. Over time, advances in transportation and communication technologies have facilitated closer connections between societies around the world. While globalization has connected people in new ways and increased economic opportunities in some areas, it has also led to changes in culture and inequality, posing challenges for governments and societies to address.
3.10.1 Globalisation Definitions And Characteristicstudorgeog
Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness of countries and peoples around the world through trade and cultural exchange. It reduces differences between places as shared economic and cultural experiences spread across borders through trade agreements and tourism. While trade and tourism can make economies and cultures more similar, they may also exacerbate inequality between places that are integrated and those that are not. Overall, globalization tends to decrease differences but does not eliminate them entirely.
- Ethnicity is defined and understood in various ways by scholars. Primordialists see it as innate and ascribed at birth, instrumentalists see it as constructed for political and economic goals, and constructivists see it as negotiated and changing through social interaction.
- Barth defined ethnicity as based on the boundaries and interactions between groups, not their internal cultural characteristics. Ethnicity depends on how groups define themselves and others through social processes.
- Key aspects of ethnic identity include a shared name, ancestry, history, culture, language, and attachment to a homeland, but these aspects are negotiated and changing rather than fixed. Ethnic identity involves both objective behaviors and subjective attitudes that are fluid.
Promoting spatial diversity as a tool to improve neighborhoods livelihoodJimly Faraby
This document discusses promoting spatial diversity as a tool to improve livelihoods in neighborhoods through informality. It uses the case of Keparakan District in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The district has created spatial diversity through informal processes over time, resulting in a unique spatial pattern with high population density, mixed land uses, and internal connectivity. Economic activities are organized into four potential zones focused on art/culture, tourism, culinary arts, and handicrafts. The district has benefited from this spatial diversity by improving its attractiveness and livelihoods.
The document discusses the process of decolonization in Africa following World War 2. It occurred through both violent and non-violent means. Key figures led independence movements in Ghana, Kenya, Congo, Algeria, Angola, and Turkey. Challenges faced by newly independent nations included ethnic disputes, dependent economies, cultural dependence on the West, and issues related to nation-building.
Science and technology have impacted society both positively and negatively in areas like community life, work, communication, and health over history. Key developments include the shift to farming and cities, the Industrial Revolution, suburbs in the 20th century, labor-saving devices, increased leisure time, and medical advances that dramatically improved life expectancy. While innovations have benefits, they also bring challenges like environmental destruction and ethical issues around cloning and stem cells that societies must grapple with. Overall, progress through technology depends on its positive attributes outweighing the negatives.
Cultural ecology is the study of human adaptations to social and physical environments. Julian Steward coined the term and proposed that culture changes are induced by environmental adaptations. Steward's method examined how technologies exploited the environment for subsistence and how associated cultural patterns influenced other aspects of culture. While the environment influences human adaptation, it does not determine it. Cultural ecology recognizes ecology plays a role in shaping regional cultures but does not imply environmental determinism. It continues as a line of inquiry to understand how local environmental practices are influenced by global forces and markets.
The document discusses the importance of studying history. Studying history helps one understand why their current environment and situations exist by providing context about their ancestors, culture, and society. It also allows people to learn from the mistakes and successes of the past to build a better future. Additionally, studying history preserves the ideas and discoveries of influential historical figures and prevents important knowledge from being lost. Understanding history provides the foundation for studying many modern subjects and allows societies to develop more efficiently by learning from the governing practices of the past.
Nationalism is a political ideology that promotes a national identity based on shared characteristics. It holds that a nation should govern itself independently and maintain its unique culture and national symbols. There are different types of nationalism such as civic nationalism which defines the nation based on shared political values rather than ethnicity, and ethnic nationalism which ties national identity to a shared heritage and ancestry. Nationalism is seen by some as a way for a threatened nation to unite against external threats but others criticize it as an artificial construct that can marginalize minorities and increase conflict.
Behaviouralism emerged after World War 2 as a challenge to existing international relations theories. It takes a positivist and scientific approach, emphasizing observable data over subjective interpretations. Behaviouralism views human behaviour as shaped by external environmental factors rather than innate drives, and aims to discover laws that can predict international relations. It uses scientific methods like hypothesis testing and focuses on quantifiable and measurable variables.
Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness between countries through trade, investment, information exchange, and cultural sharing. There are several types of globalization, including economic, political, cultural, technological, and environmental. Economic globalization involves integrating economies through flow of goods, services, and capital internationally. Political globalization is increasing cooperation between governments on political issues. Cultural globalization is the spread of cultural practices, values, and ideas across borders facilitated by technology and travel. Globalization provides economic opportunities and efficiency but also leads to job loss, income inequality, environmental damage, and cultural homogenization.
This document discusses the key concepts of an information society. It covers the origin and development of information societies, the prerequisites for an information society to emerge, and the economic and social factors involved. It also examines the role of technology, libraries, and information laws in an information society. The relationship between information societies and knowledge societies is explored, with the conclusion being that minimizing the gap between these leads to social progress.
The document discusses the digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who have access to the internet and technology versus those who do not. It identifies two main aspects of the digital divide: access to computers and related technologies, as well as technological literacy and the ability to use technologies effectively. The document then discusses some potential solutions to bridging the digital divide, such as government policies, NGO programs to increase digital literacy, and initiatives that provide affordable access through technologies like mobile phones and low-cost laptops.
This document discusses globalization from multiple perspectives. It defines globalization as the interaction of different parts of the world economically, politically, and culturally. Proponents argue it increases employment and access to cheaper goods, while opponents argue it exploits workers and harms small businesses and farms. Both sides see impacts on jobs and the environment. Benefits are discussed as increased wealth and quality of life through access to foreign goods, while challenges include growing inequality and negative social impacts.
The document discusses the topic of globalization from several angles. It defines globalization as the process of international integration arising from cultural exchange. It then discusses how globalization opens educational opportunities for students and makes information more accessible. The document also examines some major nations involved in globalization, how globalization relates to American brands spreading worldwide, and how it brings cultures into contact. Further sections explore the history of globalization and the factors that have influenced its increase over time, including technology, trade, markets, and cooperation. The document also notes both the benefits of globalization for business and competition, as well as some potential harmful effects.
The differences of hv's and havenot's incase of ICT is called digital divide. The presentation focuses on digital divide in education. The concept explained with facts available on the net. The facts are included and referred in the show. The purpose of the presentation is pure academic and not commercial. the citation has been given. Concept of digital divide, global facts of digital divide with special reference to India, reasons behind digital divide and solutions of it has been mentioned in the presentation
Colonialism and imperialism began in the 16th century, with colonialism in America using settlement and slow expansion, while 19th century imperialism in Africa and Asia was rapid and caused many problems. Queen Victoria's long reign saw Britain become highly industrialized and the peak of the British Empire. Slavery was widespread during this period, with many slaves taken from Africa. Britain expanded across Africa, seeking new markets and resources, and contended with the Boers in South Africa. The Suez Canal also increased in importance. India became a key part of the British Empire. The US also began exerting financial influence across Latin America through the Monroe Doctrine. The US war with Spain led to independence of Cuba and
Importance of Social Networking Sites Importance of social networking sites Anand Kenchakkanavar
Social networking allows people to connect and share information virtually through websites and applications. It enables communication with large groups of people and supports sharing of user-generated content. Popular social networking sites include Facebook, Twitter, Google+, LinkedIn, and MySpace. Social networking is important for staying connected with others, finding people with shared interests, organizing events, and is a powerful marketing platform for businesses to promote products through word-of-mouth without much expense. It also plays an increasing role in education by allowing teachers and students to create online resources.
The document discusses globalization and the global economy. It defines globalization as the integration of international trade, investment, technology, and cultures driven by policies to open economies. It then examines the structures of the global economy, including the rise of multinational corporations and global production chains that span multiple countries. Technological advances in transportation and communication have enabled unprecedented levels of global economic integration and interdependence.
This document discusses the causes and effects of globalization. It identifies five key causes: improved communications, improved transport, free trade agreements, global banking, and the growth of multinational corporations. Some effects mentioned are a changed global food supply with year-round availability, offshoring of manufacturing jobs to lower costs, less job security, environmental damage from increased transport, cultural impacts from the spread of media, and more anti-globalization protests. The rapid growth of multinational corporations both drives and benefits from increased globalization.
The document discusses several topics related to globalization including its definition, forces driving it, and both positive and negative effects. It also covers international trade, foreign direct investment, protectionism, and the role of the World Bank. Globalization refers to the increasing global integration of economic, political, and cultural systems. The main drivers include improvements in transportation and communication networks as well as liberalization of cross-border trade. Potential benefits include increased economic growth and competition, while risks involve outsourcing jobs and increasing inequality between rich and poor nations.
The lecture analyzes the phenomenon of Globalization, the technological revolution, the over exploitation of ICTs, and the rise of Information Society.
The document provides an overview of globalization presented by a group of students. It defines globalization as the increasing integration of economies, cultures, and political systems around the world. The document then outlines several key aspects of globalization including economic, cultural, political, social, industrial, financial, and information globalization. It also discusses some characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of globalization as well as its effects in the 21st century. The document concludes by examining the impacts of globalization in Nepal.
3.10.1 Globalisation Definitions And Characteristicstudorgeog
Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness of countries and peoples around the world through trade and cultural exchange. It reduces differences between places as shared economic and cultural experiences spread across borders through trade agreements and tourism. While trade and tourism can make economies and cultures more similar, they may also exacerbate inequality between places that are integrated and those that are not. Overall, globalization tends to decrease differences but does not eliminate them entirely.
- Ethnicity is defined and understood in various ways by scholars. Primordialists see it as innate and ascribed at birth, instrumentalists see it as constructed for political and economic goals, and constructivists see it as negotiated and changing through social interaction.
- Barth defined ethnicity as based on the boundaries and interactions between groups, not their internal cultural characteristics. Ethnicity depends on how groups define themselves and others through social processes.
- Key aspects of ethnic identity include a shared name, ancestry, history, culture, language, and attachment to a homeland, but these aspects are negotiated and changing rather than fixed. Ethnic identity involves both objective behaviors and subjective attitudes that are fluid.
Promoting spatial diversity as a tool to improve neighborhoods livelihoodJimly Faraby
This document discusses promoting spatial diversity as a tool to improve livelihoods in neighborhoods through informality. It uses the case of Keparakan District in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The district has created spatial diversity through informal processes over time, resulting in a unique spatial pattern with high population density, mixed land uses, and internal connectivity. Economic activities are organized into four potential zones focused on art/culture, tourism, culinary arts, and handicrafts. The district has benefited from this spatial diversity by improving its attractiveness and livelihoods.
The document discusses the process of decolonization in Africa following World War 2. It occurred through both violent and non-violent means. Key figures led independence movements in Ghana, Kenya, Congo, Algeria, Angola, and Turkey. Challenges faced by newly independent nations included ethnic disputes, dependent economies, cultural dependence on the West, and issues related to nation-building.
Science and technology have impacted society both positively and negatively in areas like community life, work, communication, and health over history. Key developments include the shift to farming and cities, the Industrial Revolution, suburbs in the 20th century, labor-saving devices, increased leisure time, and medical advances that dramatically improved life expectancy. While innovations have benefits, they also bring challenges like environmental destruction and ethical issues around cloning and stem cells that societies must grapple with. Overall, progress through technology depends on its positive attributes outweighing the negatives.
Cultural ecology is the study of human adaptations to social and physical environments. Julian Steward coined the term and proposed that culture changes are induced by environmental adaptations. Steward's method examined how technologies exploited the environment for subsistence and how associated cultural patterns influenced other aspects of culture. While the environment influences human adaptation, it does not determine it. Cultural ecology recognizes ecology plays a role in shaping regional cultures but does not imply environmental determinism. It continues as a line of inquiry to understand how local environmental practices are influenced by global forces and markets.
The document discusses the importance of studying history. Studying history helps one understand why their current environment and situations exist by providing context about their ancestors, culture, and society. It also allows people to learn from the mistakes and successes of the past to build a better future. Additionally, studying history preserves the ideas and discoveries of influential historical figures and prevents important knowledge from being lost. Understanding history provides the foundation for studying many modern subjects and allows societies to develop more efficiently by learning from the governing practices of the past.
Nationalism is a political ideology that promotes a national identity based on shared characteristics. It holds that a nation should govern itself independently and maintain its unique culture and national symbols. There are different types of nationalism such as civic nationalism which defines the nation based on shared political values rather than ethnicity, and ethnic nationalism which ties national identity to a shared heritage and ancestry. Nationalism is seen by some as a way for a threatened nation to unite against external threats but others criticize it as an artificial construct that can marginalize minorities and increase conflict.
Behaviouralism emerged after World War 2 as a challenge to existing international relations theories. It takes a positivist and scientific approach, emphasizing observable data over subjective interpretations. Behaviouralism views human behaviour as shaped by external environmental factors rather than innate drives, and aims to discover laws that can predict international relations. It uses scientific methods like hypothesis testing and focuses on quantifiable and measurable variables.
Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness between countries through trade, investment, information exchange, and cultural sharing. There are several types of globalization, including economic, political, cultural, technological, and environmental. Economic globalization involves integrating economies through flow of goods, services, and capital internationally. Political globalization is increasing cooperation between governments on political issues. Cultural globalization is the spread of cultural practices, values, and ideas across borders facilitated by technology and travel. Globalization provides economic opportunities and efficiency but also leads to job loss, income inequality, environmental damage, and cultural homogenization.
This document discusses the key concepts of an information society. It covers the origin and development of information societies, the prerequisites for an information society to emerge, and the economic and social factors involved. It also examines the role of technology, libraries, and information laws in an information society. The relationship between information societies and knowledge societies is explored, with the conclusion being that minimizing the gap between these leads to social progress.
The document discusses the digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who have access to the internet and technology versus those who do not. It identifies two main aspects of the digital divide: access to computers and related technologies, as well as technological literacy and the ability to use technologies effectively. The document then discusses some potential solutions to bridging the digital divide, such as government policies, NGO programs to increase digital literacy, and initiatives that provide affordable access through technologies like mobile phones and low-cost laptops.
This document discusses globalization from multiple perspectives. It defines globalization as the interaction of different parts of the world economically, politically, and culturally. Proponents argue it increases employment and access to cheaper goods, while opponents argue it exploits workers and harms small businesses and farms. Both sides see impacts on jobs and the environment. Benefits are discussed as increased wealth and quality of life through access to foreign goods, while challenges include growing inequality and negative social impacts.
The document discusses the topic of globalization from several angles. It defines globalization as the process of international integration arising from cultural exchange. It then discusses how globalization opens educational opportunities for students and makes information more accessible. The document also examines some major nations involved in globalization, how globalization relates to American brands spreading worldwide, and how it brings cultures into contact. Further sections explore the history of globalization and the factors that have influenced its increase over time, including technology, trade, markets, and cooperation. The document also notes both the benefits of globalization for business and competition, as well as some potential harmful effects.
The differences of hv's and havenot's incase of ICT is called digital divide. The presentation focuses on digital divide in education. The concept explained with facts available on the net. The facts are included and referred in the show. The purpose of the presentation is pure academic and not commercial. the citation has been given. Concept of digital divide, global facts of digital divide with special reference to India, reasons behind digital divide and solutions of it has been mentioned in the presentation
Colonialism and imperialism began in the 16th century, with colonialism in America using settlement and slow expansion, while 19th century imperialism in Africa and Asia was rapid and caused many problems. Queen Victoria's long reign saw Britain become highly industrialized and the peak of the British Empire. Slavery was widespread during this period, with many slaves taken from Africa. Britain expanded across Africa, seeking new markets and resources, and contended with the Boers in South Africa. The Suez Canal also increased in importance. India became a key part of the British Empire. The US also began exerting financial influence across Latin America through the Monroe Doctrine. The US war with Spain led to independence of Cuba and
Importance of Social Networking Sites Importance of social networking sites Anand Kenchakkanavar
Social networking allows people to connect and share information virtually through websites and applications. It enables communication with large groups of people and supports sharing of user-generated content. Popular social networking sites include Facebook, Twitter, Google+, LinkedIn, and MySpace. Social networking is important for staying connected with others, finding people with shared interests, organizing events, and is a powerful marketing platform for businesses to promote products through word-of-mouth without much expense. It also plays an increasing role in education by allowing teachers and students to create online resources.
The document discusses globalization and the global economy. It defines globalization as the integration of international trade, investment, technology, and cultures driven by policies to open economies. It then examines the structures of the global economy, including the rise of multinational corporations and global production chains that span multiple countries. Technological advances in transportation and communication have enabled unprecedented levels of global economic integration and interdependence.
This document discusses the causes and effects of globalization. It identifies five key causes: improved communications, improved transport, free trade agreements, global banking, and the growth of multinational corporations. Some effects mentioned are a changed global food supply with year-round availability, offshoring of manufacturing jobs to lower costs, less job security, environmental damage from increased transport, cultural impacts from the spread of media, and more anti-globalization protests. The rapid growth of multinational corporations both drives and benefits from increased globalization.
The document discusses several topics related to globalization including its definition, forces driving it, and both positive and negative effects. It also covers international trade, foreign direct investment, protectionism, and the role of the World Bank. Globalization refers to the increasing global integration of economic, political, and cultural systems. The main drivers include improvements in transportation and communication networks as well as liberalization of cross-border trade. Potential benefits include increased economic growth and competition, while risks involve outsourcing jobs and increasing inequality between rich and poor nations.
The lecture analyzes the phenomenon of Globalization, the technological revolution, the over exploitation of ICTs, and the rise of Information Society.
The document provides an overview of globalization presented by a group of students. It defines globalization as the increasing integration of economies, cultures, and political systems around the world. The document then outlines several key aspects of globalization including economic, cultural, political, social, industrial, financial, and information globalization. It also discusses some characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of globalization as well as its effects in the 21st century. The document concludes by examining the impacts of globalization in Nepal.
This document summarizes an IMF report on globalization. It discusses how globalization has led to increasing integration of economies through greater movement of goods, services, capital and people across borders. It provides statistics showing rising global trade, foreign investment, and financial and personal flows between countries. The summary concludes that while globalization has benefits like increased access to goods, jobs and living standards, there are also risks that must be managed through policies promoting strong and stable economies.
This document discusses the impacts of globalization across various areas of society. It notes that globalization has affected economies, politics, and cultures around the world. Specifically, it has led to both benefits like economic growth but also issues like rising inequality between rich and poor nations and within nations. It also discusses effects in the areas of technology, trade, culture, the environment and governance. Overall, the document analyzes the wide-ranging impacts of globalization that have both positive and negative consequences.
This document discusses globalization and its dimensions. It notes that while globalization promises greater interconnectedness, in reality it often exacerbates inequality and poverty between nations. Powerful countries and actors largely influence global decisions and policies in a way that maintains the historic unequal rules of trade. For example, structural adjustment policies imposed by the IMF and World Bank have increased poverty in many developing nations. Additionally, while foreign aid is promised, donor countries rarely meet their targets and the aid often comes with conditions that primarily benefit donor nations over recipients. As a result, a few nations and people grow wealthier while the majority struggle under globalization.
Globalization refers to the increasing connectivity and integration of economies, societies and cultures through cross-border flow of goods, services, capital, people and information. It involves businesses expanding their international operations and presence. Globalization has been occurring for thousands of years but accelerated in the 15th century with European trade connecting Eastern and Western continents. In the 19th century, Britain dominated global trade and transportation increased speed. In the 20th-21st centuries, globalization reached its current form due to technology development and the internet, which facilitates e-commerce.
Globalization_- Definition, Processes and Concepts.pdfDhruvita1
Globalization is a term used to describe how trade and technology have made the world into a more connected and interdependent place. Globalization also captures in its scope the economic and social changes that have come about as a result.
The document discusses three major areas of globalization: economic, cultural, and political. It provides details on each:
Economic globalization involves increasing economic interdependence and integration between countries through cross-border movement of goods, services, technology and capital. It includes the globalization of production and markets.
Cultural globalization refers to the transmission of ideas, meanings and values around the world, intensifying social relations through shared consumption of diffused cultures. It brings increasing interconnectedness among populations and cultures.
Political globalization involves the growth of the worldwide political system in size and complexity, including the declining importance of nation-states and rise of other actors like international organizations.
The document also discusses aspects
Globalization has connected the world through increased trade, investment, and cultural exchange. While it has reduced poverty and improved living standards for many, its impacts differ across countries. Economic globalization can benefit stronger nations by increasing their access to larger markets and cheaper imports, but it may harm weaker countries by compelling them to remove protections and compete without subsidies. Whether globalization leads to growth and poverty reduction depends on a nation's ability to adapt and control the pace of integration.
Globalization refers to the increasing integration and interdependence of economies, technologies, and cultures around the world. It is a complex phenomenon that impacts societies in various ways. While some argue globalization benefits economies through increased trade and access to foreign markets and technologies, others argue it can negatively impact local businesses and economies. The lived experiences of people and communities around the world provide perspectives that can both challenge and expand understanding of the complex effects of economic globalization.
As per the adage, ‘Every cloud has a silver lining’, we have observed that pro- and anti-globalization go hand in hand. If one section of the society considers it to be advancing for good, other section will always pick the bad out of it.
Pro-globalists debate that globalization brings about much increased opportunities for almost everyone, and increased competition is a good thing since it makes agents of production more efficient, the anti-globalists, on the contrary, argue that certain groups of people who are devoid in terms of resources are not currently capable of functioning within the increased competitive pressure that will be brought about by allowing their economic to be more connected to the rest of the world.
Let's read more to understand the impact of both the faces of globalists, their ideology and perception.
Happy reading!
Globalization has had both positive and negative impacts on India. Positively, it has increased foreign investment and trade, which has boosted the Indian economy and led to growth rates over 7% annually in recent years. However, it has also negatively impacted the Indian agriculture sector, resulting in decreased employment and increased poverty and inequality. While globalization has benefited India's economy overall, more focus is still needed on developing rural areas and reducing its negative social impacts.
Globalization refers to the increasing integration and interdependence of world economies through trade and financial flows. It has accelerated due to advances in transportation and communication technology. While globalization offers economic benefits through increased trade and specialization, it also has drawbacks like job losses and increased pandemic risks. The future of globalization remains uncertain as nationalist sentiments rise in some countries.
Globalization refers to the trend toward countries joining together economically, through education, society and politics, and viewing themselves not only through their national identity but also as part of the world as a whole.
This document discusses globalization and its relationship to international relations. It begins by defining globalization and how it interconnects cultures and economies on a global scale. Both advantages and disadvantages of globalization are then examined. Key advantages include increased GDP, reduced unemployment, and greater competition. Key disadvantages include uneven distribution of wealth between developed and developing countries. The document concludes by stating that while globalization faces obstacles, its positive effects will prevail if people and governments make cooperative efforts to address issues like poverty and migration.
The document defines globalization as the increasing economic interdependence between countries through rising trade and financial flows. It involves the integration of economic, political and cultural aspects worldwide. The stages of globalization began in 1490 with nautical developments, continued in 1890 with European industrialization, and reached a third stage in 1990 with the rise of multinational corporations and communication reforms. Globalization is driven by advances in transportation, telecommunications, and other factors that increase interdependence between economic and cultural activities worldwide.
Globalization is a process that involves the worldwide integration of economies, technologies, and cultures. It began accelerating in the late 20th century due to advances in transportation and communication technology. While globalization has led to increased economic opportunities through expanded trade and investment, it has also contributed to cultural and economic homogenization. It has impacted systems of governance, urban development, labor markets, and gender norms around the world. Both supporters and critics of globalization make arguments around its effects on issues like sovereignty, inequality, and cultural diversity.
this presentation is about globalisation. we are from BUBT; donno how well we did but uploading it cause cant figuring out how to make another new presentation and the deadline is tomorrow.
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Globalization And The Impact Of Globalization In The...Nicole Savoie
Globalization has had an uneven impact in Medellin, Colombia. While it has benefited sectors like security and energy efficiency through infrastructure like cable cars, it has not significantly impacted politics or the economy. However, these areas have still improved compared to the 1990s. Medellin can use globalization to reduce unemployment and increase economic value, such as through developing transportation infrastructure in poorer areas to connect them to jobs. This has led to commercial changes and new business opportunities in these areas. While Medellin and Colombia face challenges with internationalization, globalization remains a tool for development when implemented moderately and inclusively.
Similar to Globalization, ICTs, and the Information Society (20)
Since Islam originated and has developed in an Arab culture, other cultures which have adopted Islam have tended to be influenced by Arab customs. Thus Arab Muslim societies and other Muslims have cultural affinities, though every society has preserved its distinguishing characteristics. Islamic culture inherited an Arab culture born in the desert, simple but by no means simplistic. It has an oral tradition based on the transmission of culture through poetry and narrative. However, it has been the written record that has had the greatest impact on civilization. Islam civilization is based on the value of education, which both the Qur'an and the Prophet stressed.
One of the distinctive features of the Islamic tradition is its rapid expansion into a large and diverse civilization, soon becoming divided into several centers of political authority. Although the Prophet’s activities were mostly limited to the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant, after his death the first four “Rightly Guided” caliphs sent armies to conquer Syria, Egypt, Iraq and parts of Persia, which were then within the declining Byzantine and Persian empires.
Carthage was a Phoenician state that included, during the 7th–3rd centuries BC, its wider sphere of influence known as the Carthaginian Empire. The empire extended over much of the coast of Northwest Africa as well as encompassing substantial parts of coastal Iberia and the islands of the western Mediterranean Sea.
The Kingdom of Carthage was the major power in the western Mediterranean from its establishment by the semi-legendary Queen Dido in 814 B.C. until its fall following its struggles against the rising Roman Republic. Carthage was one of the great trading powers of the Mediterranean and had relatively few rivals until its fall from grace, namely the Etruscans and the Greek city-states of Sicily and Cyrenaica. Much of Carthage's foreign policy depended on maintaining its mercantile dominance and expanding its control over island territories with which it could base its powerful navies and trade fleet.
The Phoenicians were a seafaring civilization that originated in the Levant region in the 2nd millennium BC and were based out of city-states along the coast of modern day Lebanon. They established vast trading networks across the Mediterranean and founded colonies to expand trade. The Phoenicians were skilled shipbuilders and navigators who traded goods like timber, glass, dye, and metals. They developed innovations like the Phoenician alphabet, which influenced other cultures like the Greeks. Over time the Phoenicians came under rule of various empires as their trade power declined. Their civilization was eventually absorbed by others like the Greeks and Romans.
With the coming of the new millenuim, the entire world has entered the globalized age, which is characterized by the US global power leading the world after the fall of the ex- USSR. The emergence of globaization rose several questions about the role of the US: Is it acting in favor preserving the world cultures, or trying to model the world according to the US Western and liberal values? This; in fact, has paved the way to rise of such theories, expliaing that the US has enetered a new phase of conflict which is basically cutural in order to survive and promote its cultural values.
The Bush era has seen remarkable change in the US foreign policy. After 9/ 11 attacks, President Bush (the son) initiated the Bush Doctrine and started his war on terror which had such implications as the invasion of Afghanistan in 2011, and the invasion of Iraq in 2003.
Computer-mediated communication (CMC) refers to human communication via computers and includes many different forms of synchronous, asynchronous or real-time interaction that humans have with each other using computers as tools to exchange text, images, audio and video.
The Bill Clinton Era the 1990s and the new millenniumBoutkhil Guemide
The Presidency of Bill Clinton has been an important era in the history of the US. Clinton is best known of his economic policies; namely, Clintonomics which produced a huge surplus of the budget. In foreign policy, Clinton is best known of the Engagement and Enlargement which relied on building of a new world order based on both Democracy and Freemarket economy.
Globally, educational systems are adopting new technologies to integrate ICT in the teaching and learning process, to prepare students with the knowledge and skills they need in their subject matter. In this way the teaching profession is evolving from teacher-centered to student-centered learning environments. ICT integration is understood as the usage of technology seamlessly for educational processes like transacting curricular content and students working on technology to do authentic tasks. Nowadays ICT facilitate not only the delivery of lessons but also the learning process itself. This includes computer based technologies, digital imaging, the internet, file servers, data storage devices, network infrastructure, desktops, laptops and broadcasting technologies namely radio and television, and telephone which are used as instructional tools at schools.
Globally, educational systems are adopting new technologies to integrate ICT in the teaching and learning process, to prepare students with the knowledge and skills they need in their subject matter. In this way the teaching profession is evolving from teacher- centered to student- centered learning environments. ICT integration is understood as the usage of technology seamlessly for educational processes like transacting curricular content and students working on technology to do authentic tasks.
Nowadays ICT facilitate not only the delivery of lessons but also the learning process itself. This includes computer based technologies, digital imaging, the internet, file servers, data storage devices, network infrastructure, desktops, laptops and broadcasting technologies namely radio and television, and telephone which are used as instructional tools at schools.
The US presence in the Middle East can be explained to the fact that it always defends its interets in the region. For, that reason, the US uses divergent means and methods to achieve its ends.
Reagan's 1980 election resulted from a dramatic conservative shift to the right in American politics, including a loss of confidence in liberal, New Deal, and Great Society programs and priorities that had dominated the national agenda since the 1930s.
Domestically, the Reagan administration enacted a major tax cut, sought to cut non-military spending, and eliminated federal regulations. The administration's economic policies, known as "Reaganomics", were inspired by supply-side economics. The combination of tax cuts and an increase in defense spending led to budget deficits, and the federal debt increased significantly during Reagan's tenure. Reagan signed the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (which simplified the tax code by reducing rates and removing several tax breaks) and the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. Reagan also appointed more federal judges than any other president, including four Supreme Court Justices.
Reagan's foreign policy stance was resolutely anti-communist; its plan of action, known as the Reagan Doctrine, sought to roll back the global influence of the Soviet Union in an attempt to end the Cold War. Under this doctrine, the Reagan administration initiated a massive buildup of the United States military; promoted new technologies such as missile defense systems; and, in 1983, undertook an invasion of Grenada, the first major overseas action by U.S. troops since the end of the Vietnam War. The administration also created controversy by granting aid to paramilitary forces seeking to overthrow leftist governments, particularly in war-torn Central America and Afghanistan. Specifically, the Reagan administration engaged in covert arms sales to Iran to fund Contra rebels in Nicaragua that were fighting to overthrow their nation's socialist government; the resulting scandal led to the conviction or resignation of several administration officials. During Reagan's second term, he sought closer relations with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, and the two leaders signed a major arms control agreement known as the INF Treaty.
The document discusses various aspects of writing research reports. It emphasizes that writing is essential for communicating research findings and should start early in the research process. The writing process involves drafting, revising, editing, and re-working sections as new information is learned. Researchers must properly cite sources to avoid plagiarism and ensure grammar, spelling, and punctuation are correct when finalizing their written reports.
This document provides guidelines for formatting references and citations in APA style. It discusses citing references in text using an author-date citation system and listing references alphabetically on a separate references page. Each reference cited in text must appear in the references list, and vice versa. The references list should include bibliographic information about each source to allow readers to locate the source, such as author, date, title, publisher. Specific formatting guidelines are provided for different types of sources including books, articles, websites, and more.
The document provides guidance on writing argumentative essays. It defines key terms used in argumentation such as proponent, opponent, and counterargument. It explains that the goals of an argumentative essay are to present an opinion on a controversial topic, explain and support the opinion with evidence, and address counterarguments. A sample essay introduction is presented, defining the topic of advertising and stating the thesis that advertisements manipulate viewers. Guidelines are given for writing pro and con paragraphs, including using examples, facts, explanations, and authorities to support or weaken arguments. The conclusion restates the main points and warns of the harmful effects of advertisements.
This document provides guidance on writing a biographical narrative essay. It discusses choosing a subject to write about and researching their life, including important dates and accomplishments. It emphasizes starting the essay in an engaging way to capture the reader's interest. The document also suggests considering how a subject's personality was shaped by their childhood or key events in their life. Finally, it offers tips on organizing, drafting, and revising the essay to effectively communicate the subject's life and impact.
This document provides guidance on writing a history essay. It explains that a history essay makes an argument about past events and aims to convince the reader of a point of view through evidence. The introduction should establish the topic, provide context, and state the thesis. Body paragraphs support and develop the thesis using facts and interpretation of sources. Different types of history essay questions require different approaches, such as explaining causes for "why" questions or making judgments for "assess" questions. Strong organization, a clear argument, and interpretation of evidence are keys to a successful history essay.
This document provides guidance on how to write a classification essay. It explains that a classification essay divides a topic into organized categories. The essay should have an introduction that states the categories, body paragraphs discussing each category in detail and providing examples, and a conclusion that restates the thesis. Some common ways to categorize include by degree, parts, types, characteristics, and chronology. The categories must follow a single organizing principle and be equally supported by examples.
Writing a cause-effect essay requires analyzing the relationships between causes and effects. The document provides guidelines for writing a successful cause-effect essay, including (1) avoiding logical errors when analyzing causes and effects, (2) qualifying assertions with words like "often" and "likely", and (3) writing a clear and limited thesis. Organizational patterns include multiple causes with a single effect, a single cause with multiple effects, multiple causes with multiple effects, and an alternating chain of causes and effects. Transitions and an objective third-person voice should be used.
This document provides information and guidance on writing a comparison/contrast essay. It defines what a comparison/contrast essay is and explains that the goal is to point out similarities and differences between two or more topics. The document discusses the two main organizational patterns for these essays - subject by subject, where each topic is discussed separately, and point by point, where each key point is discussed together for all topics. It provides examples of how to outline essays using these structures and suggests transition words that can be used to help compare and contrast topics. Finally, it offers guidance on writing an effective thesis statement that clearly defines what will be compared or contrasted.
The document provides guidance on writing a process essay. It explains that a process essay outlines how to do something or how something occurs through a series of steps, actions, or functions in a logical order. The introduction should engage the reader, explain why knowing the process is important, and include a thesis statement identifying the three main steps. Each body paragraph should then explain one main step in chronological order using clear directives and descriptions. Transitions are important to link the steps. The conclusion should demonstrate the end result of following the process and restate the thesis.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
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How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
1. Globalization, ICTs,
& the Information
Society
Boutkhil Guemide
University Mohammed Boudiaf, M’sila
Algeria
2. Lecture Outline
INTRODUCTION
Globalization: Definition
Characteristics of Globalization
Effects ofGlobalization and in the 21stcentury
ICTs and Globalization
The growing impact ofICTs onglobalisation
Information Society: Definition and Characteristics
Information Infrastructure, Networks, & Services
Information & social change: Culture, Cognition, & Literacy
Information & social change: Printing & Print Culture
Information & social change: Computer & Computerization
3. INTRODUCTION Challenges facing he world's countries: achieving financial stability, economic growth, and higher
living standards.
There are many different paths that can be taken to achieve these objectives, and every country's
path will bedifferentgiven thedistinctive nature of national economiesand political systems.
The factors and potentials contributing to China's high growth rate over the past two decades have
been very different from those that have contributed to high growth in different countries; such as,
Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore.
Throughout the world, several basic principles seem to underpin greater prosperity: Investment, the
spread of technology, strong institutions, macroeconomic policies, an educated workforce, and the
existenceof a market economy.
Furthermore, a common denominator which appears to link nearly all high- growth countries
together istheir participation in, and integration with, theglobal economy.
There is substantial evidence, from countries of different sizes and different regions, that as
countries "globalize" their citizens benefit, in the form of access to a wider variety of goods and
services, lower prices, more and better-paying jobs, improved health, and higher overall living
standards.
Much has been achieved in connection with globalization: Poverty declined in East and South Asia,
great progress has been achieved in different economies; and development has been noticed in
differentsocieties.
It is the people of developing economies who have the greatest need for globalization: It provides
themwithopportunitiesof beingpart ofthe world economy.
4. Whatis Globalization?
Grewal & Levy (2009): “Processes by which goods, services, capital, people,
information, and ideas flow across national borders”.
Wild, Wild, & Han (2008): “Trend toward greater economic, cultural, political, and
technological interdependence among national institutions and economies”.
A new epoch in human history: A new age in which peoples everywhere are
increasingly subject to the disciplines of the global market.
Giddens (1999): “Globalization is changing and transforming the structureof states, the
nature of economies, and most of our basic institutions. It is equated with liberalization
in politics, economy, and culture”.
Economic "globalization" is a historical process, the result of human innovation and
technological progress.
It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly
through the movement of goods, services, and capital acrossborders.
The term sometimes also refers to the movement of people (labor) and knowledge
(technology) acrossinternational borders.
Globalization makes the world more accessible to all people.
5. The term "globalization" began to be used more commonly in the 1980s, reflecting
technological advances that made it easier and quicker to complete international
transactions— both trade and financial flows.
It refers to an extension beyond national borders of the same market forces that have
operated for centuries at all levels of human economic activity—village markets, urban
industries, orfinancial centers.
There are countless indicators that illustrate how goods, capital, and people, have become
moreglobalized:
The value of trade (goods and services) as a percentage of world GDP increased from 42.1
percent in 1980 to 62.1percent in 2007.
Foreign direct investment increased from 6.5 percent of world GDP in 1980 to 31.8 percent
in 2006.
The stock of international claims (primarily bank loans), as a percentage of world GDP,
increased from roughly 10 percent in 1980 to 48 percentin 2006.
The number of minutes spent on cross-border telephone calls, on a per-capita basis,
increased from 7.3in 1991 to 28.8 in 2006.
The number of foreign workers has increased from 78 million people (2.4 percent of the
world population) in 1965 to 191 million people (3.0 percent of the world population) in
9. Transparency and Limitless
Each state and each of its residents have a chance to get
influenced by the incoming foreign cultures, or the
influences in all fields freely which can bring good and bad
effects for each individual and the group itself in line with
the supporting of advances in technology and information.
The main role is a developed country where they do
spread lot of information and they influence the developing
countries.
Limitless or borderless: Every country has the right to
break the national obstacles.
Each country may freely conduct diplomacy or cooperation
with other countries, regardless of time and range.
We also can openly see what happens out there without
being limited by space and time.
10. Connectivity and Integration
Ech region or country has been
connected with the world by way of
'breaking' the national boundaries.
Each individual and state start
building a connection or link
between one society to another, and
also from one country to another
country.
“International Cooperation”: The
existence of the multinational
companies, regional and global
organizations which will lead to
increasing of business performance.
The existence of international and
non- governmental organizations.
11. Science and Technology
People have started to think critically: They
seemed to have started to think globally and
more developed.
Changes of space and time: Changes already
happened in transportations and
communications.
The changes of information technology also
can give the effects to another fields like
education, economics, politics, and also
cultures.
The most changes of technology that can be
felt now are there are many global and
sophisticated communication medias like hand
phones, satellite televisions, and also tablets
that we can hold wherever we are.
Those communication media will be
increasingly felt if it is added with the presence
of Internet as its supporter.
With the existence of the science, we can
develop the technology.
12. Mass Media and Culture Interaction
Globalization: The development of mass
media and the increasing of cultural
interaction.
The development of the mass media:
Television, movies, music, and
transmission international news and sports.
We easily learn, exchange information, and
access other cultures outside of our
culture.
The mixture of western and eastern
cultures.
Indonesia has started popping up a lot of
fast food restaurants which are brought by
western culture such as: Pronto, Domino’s
Pizza, Mc Donald’s, etc.
Not only in the fields of food, we also can
feel the incoming of the western music’s
that already spread to Indonesia.
13. Globalization of Economic Activities
A lot of free trade and the government
does not too control anymore about
the trade.
But they still provide the rules and
regulation that guides the free trade.
Freedom of the businessman and
factory owners to set up industry and
trade either in their country or abroad.
Big industrials standing wisely on the
top of our lands.
There is also the free exchange of
investment, commodities, services,
and technologies between all nations
around the world.
14. Competition and Dependency between Developed
Countries and Developing Countries
The strong flow of information and
technology led to the intense of
competitiveness.
People who do not have the advantage
will be eliminated and will be the target
to the actors of the changes in the
global situation.
It can also occur in the State where
there is a gap between today's
developed countries and developing
countries.
Developed countries dominate the
information flow in the world, so it
causes the dependency among
developing countries themselves.
15.
16. Effects of Globalization in the 21st century
Positive Impacts NegativeImpacts
A better economy: It introduces rapid development
ofthecapitalmarket
Introducing new technologies: The new
technologies and progress in telecommunication,
introduction of satellites, mobiles … etc. (The results
ofglobalization).
Thenew scientific researchpatterns.
Livingstandardsarerisen.
Globalization introduces better trade: More people
areemployed;Increasing productivity.
Apart from economic aspect, globalization has also
broughtan impactonpoliticalandculturaldomain.
Culturally speaking, globalization has brought in
different ideologies, and thought process amongst
people.
Politically speaking, onset of Western democratic
systemhasanimpacton politics.
Globalization brings fear as well: Because of too
much flow of capital amongst countries, it
introduces unfair and immoral distribution of
income.
Another fear is loosing national integrity: Because of
too much exchange of trade, money, independent
domestic policiesarelost.
Mental pressure on companies that causes many
peopletoloosetheirjobs.
17. ICTs and Globalization
ICTs: InformationandCommunication Technologies .
“Diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create,
disseminate, store, and manage information”: Computers, the Internet, radio and
television,andtelephony.
ICTs are the services, platforms, and devices that have eroded the barriers of time and
space,makingswift andefficient internationalcommunication flows possible.
ICT: The infrastructure andcomponents thatenablemoderncomputing.
As a universal definition, the term is generally accepted to mean all devices, networking
components, applications and systems that allow people and organizations (i.e.,
businesses, nonprofit agencies, governments and enterprises) to interact in the digital
world.
Digital technologies and infrastructure and products that facilitate the acquisition,
storage,analysis,manipulation,anddistributionofinformation.
18. Typesof ICTs
Other technologies that enable collection, processing,
transmission, and presentation of information in a number of
waysincludingvoice,data,text,images,video,andanimation.
There are three dominant ICT technologies: PC, cell-phone/
mobile,theInternet,
ICT also includes webcams, email, DVDs, flash memory, hard
drives,servers, andnetworks,soft-wares.
ICTsdigitaltechnologiesthathaverapidlychangedtheworld.
The list of ICT components is exhaustive, and it continues to
grow: Some components; such as, computers and telephones,
have existed for decades. Others; such as, smartphones, digital
TVsandrobots,aremore recententries.
19.
20. ICT has drastically changed how people work, communicate, learn and live: ICT
continuestorevolutionizeallpartsofthehumanexperience.
Since globalization is seen as an increasingly influential social phenomenon that is
strikingly present in reality, Information communication technologies (ICTs) represent
the main drivers of globalized societies based on knowledge in new global era
(Herselman&Hay,2003).
Walsham (2001): “ICTs are deeply implicated in the changes that are taking place in
todays’globalized andmodernsociety.ICTsinfluenceonthemodernsociety hasbeen
very strong and it has resulted in radical transformation in communication and
informationexchangearoundtheworld.”
Kabamba (2008): “Technology advancements that include global telecommunication
infrastructure, cross- border transfer of data, the Internet, satellite networks and
wirelessphonecontributedtotheglobalizationprocess.”
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are not only limited to the
transfer of information; they can accelerate development; enhance the effectiveness
and efficiency of the highest priority sectors of socio- economic development; for
instance,healthcare,byintroducingappropriateinformationsystems.
21. It is well known that not all parts of the world are touched
and influenced equally by globalization and ICTs; there are
places, which are totally excluded and isolated from today’s
global changes.
In a geographical perspective, it brings about
regionalization and; thus, divides the world into active
players and passive observers.
As such, the global information infrastructure is creating
gaps between the rich minority and the poor majority larger
and wider than any other socioeconomic and cultural
phenomena in the history of mankind (Robertson 1992;
Appadurai 1996;Castells 1996; Bilas & Frank 2010).
22. INFORMATIONSOCIETY: DEFINITION
The most striking feature in the 21st century: Transforming the world
community from the industrial society paradigm to a new civilizational model;
namely, the global information society.
Information and communication technologies have created new conditions for
the emergence of knowledge societies.
The emerging global information society: Its raison d’être is to serve the
building, on a global scale, of knowledge societies that are sources of
development for both developed and developing countries.
In terms of information and technologies, many Third World countries suffer
from accumulated intellectual poverty They are unable to
compete intellectuallywith developed countries.
With regard to information, Third World countries have a very limited share in
the production of global information, making them highly dependent on
developed countries.
23. Information Society (IS): A society where the creation, distribution,
use, integration and manipulation of information is a significant
economic, political, and culturalactivity.
The aim of the information society is to gain competitive advantage
internationally, through using Information Technology (IT) in a
creative and productive way.
The knowledge economy is its economic counterpart, whereby
wealth is created through the economic exploitation of
understanding.
People who have the means to partake in this form of society are
sometimes called digital citizens: This is one of many dozen labels
that have been identified to suggest that humans are entering a new
phase of society.
InformationSociety(IS):Thesuccessor to industrialsociety.
25. IS: Theoretical Foundations
Daniel Bell (1973): Post- industrial society (“information economy”,
“information society”,“new economy” and “Networked economy”)
Rise of the service sector
Decline of agricultural-based economy
Predominance of “information-based” work
Knowledge now key factor in the economy, outstripping physical
plant/ manufacturing
Bell (1973): ‘In the pre-industrial society life is a game against
nature where one works with raw muscle power; In the industrial
era where machines predominates in a technical and rationalized
existence, … . In contrast to both, life in the post-industrial society
based on services, is a game between persons what counts is not
raw muscle power or energy but information (pp, 126- 7)
28. Manuel Castells(2000): The Rise of the Network Society
“Informational Society”: “it indicates the attribute of a specific form of social
organization in which information generation, processing, and transmission
become the fundamental sources of productivity and power because of new
technological conditions emerging in this historicalperiod.”
“NetworkSociety”: The society of the Information Age
Castells :The fundamental features of the network society
Networks : Appropriate instruments for a capitalist economy based on
innovation, globalization, anddecentralized concentration,
The New Economy: Organized around global networks of management,
capital, andinformation.
Castells : Increasing interdependency of financial capital and industrial
capital (high technology);
Financial capital relies on knowledge and information generated and enhanced
by ICT,
Technology andinformation are decisive tools in generating profits.
29. ManuelCastells (1996): The Network Society,
Due to the explosion and exploitation of information and modern
ICTs, the Information Society is functioning as a network of social,
economic, and cultural structure,
Modern Information Socities: Network Societies (Proccesses &
phenomena that accompany the implementation of ICTs & the
creation of communicationstructures),
Network Society: Internet network and network connections between
thesubjects;
The presence of digital technologies: They form the basic
infrastructure of mediating and increasing array of social, political,
and economic practises,
The creation of the Network Society is the result of New Revolution in
InformationTechnologies.
31. Perspectives on the InformationSociety
Technological definitions: focus on rapid increase and
proliferation of information technology and its impact on
society
Economic definitions: focus on measuring size and growth of
informationindustries (as creatorsofwealth)
Occupational definitions: focus on number of individuals
engagedin workrelatedtoinformation
Spatial definitions: focus on networks that connect locations
andhavedramaticeffect ontheorganizationoftimeandspace
Cultural definitions: focus on increase of information in daily
lives
34. Data: Raw & unprocessed; material out of which information is
created; building blocks; often numbers, letters, symbols;
meaning is not yet apparent or assigned (like numbers stored in a
computer file)
Information: Processed and communicated with meaning;
organized or classified data that has meaning; “informs” us;
implies some type of human processing or understanding; must
be true or accurate; must go from one person to another (like a
spreadsheet or budget report) -- processed withmeaning
Knowledge: Further processed and interrelated; cohesive body
of information integrated into a larger body of information;
interrelated-- further processedandorganized
Wisdom:Knowledge applied to benefit humanity
35. Characteristics of Information as a Resource
Naturally diffusive
Reproduces rather than being consumed
Can be shared & exchanged
Compressible
Substitutable
Transportable
Basis of industries; such as, research,
education, publishing, marketing, politics
(worldwide)
36. The Information Infrastructure
“Institutions and individuals
involved in the dynamic process by
which information is created,
disseminated, and used in society”
(Rubin)
Foundations and framework
Libraries playvital role
38. Creatorsofinformation writers, musicians, artists, researchers,
databaseproducers, webproducers
Informationproducts books, videos, magazines, CDs, web sites,
etc.
Distributorsofinformation publishers, Internet providers, vendors,
producers
Disseminators of
information
schools, libraries, colleges and universities,
businesses,government,museums,
Usersofinformation individuals, business persons, researchers,
employeesand employers
39. Information Infrastructure, Networks,& Services
Information infrastructure: "an awesome shared, evolving, open,
standardized, andheterogeneous installedbase“ (Ole Hanseth, 2002).
Pironti (2006): “… all of the people, processes, procedures, tools, facilities, and
technology which supports the creation, use, transport, storage, and
destruction of information”.
Information infrastructure: Engineering and technical structure of an
organizational form.
Information infrastructure: Introduced in the 1990’s and then later
developed into Information Systems(IS).
Information technology infrastructure: Physical and virtual resources that
support the flow, storage, processing, and analysisof data.
Infrastructure may be centralized within a data center, or it may be
decentralized and spread across several data centers that are either controlled
by an organization.
41. Network Infrastructure
Network infrastructure: The hardware and software
resources of an entire network that enable network
connectivity, communication, operations and
management ofan enterprise network.
It provides the communication path and services
between users, processes, applications, services, and
external networks.
The entire network infrastructure is interconnected,
and can be used for both internal and external
communications orboth.
43. Information& social change:Culture, Cognition, & Literacy
The Age of Computerization: Networked computer and communications systems are becoming
part of the daily life of the public: Allowing public access to the Internet is the most pivotal public
policy choice that stimulated this rise in networked computing;
The possibilities of widespread Internet use have also stimulated substantial developments in a
variety of applications; such as, electronic commerce, distance education, electronic publishing,
digital libraries, and virtual communities.
The emergence of these new applications has excited considerable speculation about the social
changes that could arise if these kinds of Internet uses were to become widespread.
Would electronic commerce, as illustrated by Amazon.com and eBay, erode the markets of physical
stores?
Could distance education provide new opportunities for a sound, inexpensive, and convenient
education athome?
Would widespread distance education become commonplace and rapidly erode the demand for
place-based colleges and universities?
Would electronic journals develop rapidly as low-cost alternatives to increasingly expensive print
journals?
Would digital libraries erode the demand for “brick and mortar” libraries?
In turn, if so much social activity shifted from face-to-face, place-based settings to these new online
forums, would community life erode?
44. TheInternet provides better information
ICT, in practice, is socially shaped:ICT characterizedastools create social impacts;
ICT: A sociotechnicalnetwork:
Sociotechnical:The interrelatedness of social andtechnical aspects of a society as a whole;
An approach which optimizes the interaction of people and technology in society;
Sociotechnical Systems (STS): The social aspects of people and society and technical
aspects of technology (both infrastructure andprocesses).
Technical:Structure and a broadersense of technicalities.
The devices, tools, and techniques needed to transform inputs into outputs in a way which
enhances performanceand interaction inside the society.
Thesocial system comprises the people, the knowledge, skills, attitudes, values and needs.
The use and value of the Internet: Providing new kinds of communications to support a
cornucopia of human activities in virtually every profession and kind of institution .
The professional and middle classes have found the Internet to be useful for communication
with some government agencies, some forms of shopping, tracking investments,
maintaining ties with friends and family via e-mail, andas a sourceof entertainment.
Thereareways inwhich the Internetenables the middle- class public to havebetteraccess to
important information ,
45.
46. Information & social change: Media & Print Culture
Print culture: All formsof printedtext andotherprintedformsof visualcommunication,
Print culture is the conglomeration of effects on human society that is created by making printed forms of
communication.
Printcultureencompasses many stagesasit has evolved in responsetotechnological advances.
Gunkel (2003): ‘society is currently in the late age of the text; the moment of transition from print to
electronic culturewhere it is toolateforprintedbooksandyet tooearlyforelectronic texts’.
Bolter(2003): "thelateageof print."
Whether or not the computer will replace the printed book as the repository and definition of human
knowledge.
There is still a very large audience committed to printed texts, who are not interested in moving to a
digitalrepresentationoftherepositoryforhuman knowledge.
New forms oftechnology(newmedia) will be createdwhich utilize featuresof media.
Gunkel stated that information now takes the form of immaterial bits of digital data that are circulated at
thespeed oflight.
Placing information into electronic form not only liberates the information from its pages, but makes it
accessible toeveryone andeverywhere.
People have become increasingly accustomed to acquiring information from homes that used to be only
accessible fromanoffice orlibrary.
Once computersareall networked,allinformationshouldbe accessible from allplaces.
47.
48. Information& socialchange:Computer & Computerization
Computers have a significant impact on society: The vast
majority of people are using computers.
Development of science and technology has direct effect on our
daily life as well as in our social life.
Computer technology has made communication possible from
one part of the world to the other in seconds: They can see the
transactions in one part of the world while staying in the other
part.
Computer development is one of the greatest scientific
achievements of the 20th century.
Computers are used in various fields as well as in teaching and
learning:
49. Anaidto management The computer can also be used as a management tool to assist in solving
business problems.
Banking Branches are equipped with terminals giving them an online accounting facility
and enabling them to information as such things as current balances, deposits,
overdraftsandinterestcharges.
IndustrialApplication In industry, production may be planned, coordinated and controlled with the aid
ofa computer.
Engineering Design Computer help in calculating that all the parts of a proposed design are
satisfactoryandalsoassistin thedesigning.
Meteorology Data is recorded at different levels of atmosphere at different places, using
remotesensorscarriedon asatellite.
AirTravel Smallcomputersareinstalledasa partoftheplane'sequipment.
RoadTraffic Control Computersassistwiththe controloftrafficlights.
Telephones Computerized telephone exchanges handle an ever increasing volume of calls
very efficiently.
Medicine Computers are widely used in hospitals for such task as maintaining drugs,
surgical equipments and linen, for payroll and also for checkup and treatment of
50. Positive Impactsof Computer Negative Impacts of Computer
The work can be done in very
lesstime.
More information can be stored
insmallspace.
Multitasking and
multiprocessing capabilities of
data.
Easyto access data.
Impartiality.
Documentscan bekept secret.
Error free result.
It can be used for various
purposes. i.e. It can be used in
anytypeof work.
Highly expensive.
Accidents.
Datapiracy.
IncreasedUnemployment.
Huge data and information can be
lostsometimes.
Fast changing computer
technology.
Servicedistribution.
Illiteracy of computing and
computers.