Globalization is a term used to describe how trade and technology have made the world into a more connected and interdependent place. Globalization also captures in its scope the economic and social changes that have come about as a result.

1. Globalization:-
Definition, Processes and Concepts
Name:- Dhruvita Dhameliya
Roll no:- 03
Enrollment number:-4069206420210006
Subject: Postcolonial Studies
Paper no:- 203
Topic:- Globalization: Definition, Processes and Concepts
Submitted to:- S. B.Gardi Department of English , MKBU

2. Definition of Globalization
The term globalization comes from English, as base of the word "globalization" which refers to the emerging
of an international network, belonging to an economical and social system'. One of the earliest uses of the
term "globalization", as known, was in 1930 - in a publication entitled Towards New Education - to designate
an overview of the human experience in education.
A near-term "giant corporations" was used in 1897 by Charles Russell Tazel to describe the big national
trusts and other large enterprises of the time. Since 1960 both terms began to be used interchangeably by
economists and researchers in social sciences and were used until about mid 1980.
Roland Robertson, a professor of sociology at the University of Aberden, was the first person who defined
globalization as "the understanding of the world and the increased perception of the world as a whole."
Globalization can be linked to the local, the national and the regional. On the one hand, a connection is
made between social and economic relationships and networks, organized on a local and / or national, on
the other hand, it connects social and economic relationships and networks crystallized on wider scale the
regional and global interactions.Larisa

3. Introduction
MBN MARKET NEWS,
Globalization refers to the process by which companies
start operating internationally and develop influence
across borders. In fact, people use the term so commonly
today that it has taken on some additional meanings.
Often, people see globalization as an undesirable and
even evil consequence of businesses expanding and
becoming giant multinationals.
The term describes the tendency towards international
investments, trade, and information technology. It also
refers to the outsourcing of manufacturing across borders.
Additionally, the term refers to companies relocating their
production plant in different countries.

4. Characteristics of Globalization
Sandu CUTERELA
1)Relocation and over-territoriality
2)Speed and power of technological
innovation and the increase of the
respective risks
3)Growth of multinational corporations
4)How the forming movements of global
free markets lead to instability and
division.

5. Types of Globalization
● Social Globalization -
● Technological globalization -
● Financial globalization
● Economic globalization
● Political globalization
● Cultural globalization
● Ecological globalization
● Sociological globalization

6. Key aspects of globalization
Globalization is terms of connectivity across the entire world of increased economic and cultural life
throughout the centuries. The communication and the exchange rate, the complexity and size of the
networks involved, the volume of trade, the interaction and the risk give a strange force to the label
"globalization". With the increase of economic interconnection, the political changes have deepened -
the poorer "peripheral" countries became more dependent of the "central" economies , such as U.S.,
where capital and technical expertise tend to be blocked. There was also a shift of power, far away
from nation states and, as some argue, from multinational corporations. We have seen the growth and
globalization of the "brand" It is not just large corporations operating in several different countries -
they also have developed and brought on the market products that can be sold packing as well as in
Washington. Brands like Coca-Cola, Jio and many others have become part of the life of a very large
number of people. Sandu Cuterela

7. Contemporary globalization
The globalization involves spreading of ideas,
practices and technologies, and it is little more than
internationalization and universalization. It is not
simply the modernization or westernization. It is
much more than market liberalization. The
globalization has five vectors that act on human
society, vectors that influence the development of
human society. The vectors through which
globalization interacts with society, both locally,
regionally, and internationally are: Social ,
Economic, Religious, Military and Political.
Will Hutton and Anthony Giddens say that globalization is the interaction of extraordinary
technological innovation combined with global influence, which gives today's changing its
complexity. Sandu

8. The decline of the power of national governments
Not only individuals and institutions have felt the impact of delocalization. An important causation of this
process has been the declining power of national governments to direct and influence their economies especially
on macroeconomic management. The changes in economic activities, for instance in U.S. and Japan, are felt
across the globe. Although the influence of nation states has declined, it has not disappeared altogether. The
private institutions remained, especially in terms of creating the necessary conditions of actual government.
Colin Leys points out that the impact of globalization is however a strong argument, and that it is most felt by
the extent to which policies everywhere are now essentially market driven. It means not only that the
governments cannot "manage" national economies, but also that, in order to survive in their office, they have to
increase their ability to drive national policies in such way as to be adapted to the pressures of transnational
market forces.
Anthony Gray has noticed that the global market doesn’t allows corporations to assume the past functions of the
sovereign states. Actually, both the ones and the others become more and more weakened and overthrown. While
multinationals have played a significant role in the growth of globalization it is important not to exaggerate the
degree of control they have on the dynamics of globalization. Sandu Cuterela

9. Globalization and Its Impact on People:
Hilal Wani write about,
Globalization is associated with rapid and significant human changes. The movements of people
from rural to urban areas have accelerated, and the growth of cities in the developing world
especially is linked to substandard living for many. Family disruption and social and domestic
violence are increasing. For example, 2004 New Delhi police reports indicate that deaths in the
city of about six women everyday are dowry-related suicides. Concepts of national identity and of
family, job and tradition are changing rapidly and significantly. There is concern that competitiveness
introduced by globalization is leading to more individualistic societies’ On the other hand, rapid
change can encourage fundamentalism, a desire for the past, and a loss of tolerance for
differences in religion and culture. The nation state is losing influence relative to global economic
pressures, and in some countries there is a failure or hesitation to develop social policies. All of these
changes increase the likelihood that vulnerable people will be exploited, and threats to the human
rights of less able people will increase.

10. EXAMPLES
Once upon a time when McDonald’s only existed in the USA and HSBC only existed in the UK, now these
companies are all over the world in a ‘globalized economy’.
In India, when Doordarshan was the only available network from the late 1950s to the late 1980s, the state
sponsored agenda of national broadcasting defined the many meanings of "public" in television. During this
period, the concept of "national programming" served as the guiding framework for public broadcasting in India.
For example, nationalist programs on Doordarshan-such as Hum Log, Buniyaad, Ramayan, and Mahabharat
among others during the 1980s-contributed to the ideological conflation of diverse meanings of publicness with
state-sponsored definitions of national community and ideal citizenship
Beginning in the early 1990s, Doordarshan's hegemony over definitions of the "public" in Indian television was
dramatically disrupted by the rise of commercial satellite channels first in English and Hindi, and later in several
other Indian languages. Unlike Doordarshan whose mandate as a state-sponsored broadcaster has been to serve
as an agent of social change by focusing on issues like national integration, agricultural development, literacy,
education, health, and family welfare, the programing strategies of private commercial channels have been
driven by profit motives and the quest for larger audience share in an increasingly competitive market.

11. EXAMPLES
● The Olympics began in ancient Greece and continue today. Now,
people from all across the globe come together to compete in a
wide array of sports and games.
● The FIFA World Cup has more viewers than any other sporting
event in the world. Even though only a handful of countries
compete all the way through to the finals, people all across the
globe sit down and watch the same match on TV, no matter their
location.
● Travel and tourism allows for the globalization of many things, like
the exchange of money, cultures, ideas and knowledge. There are
countless options to make travel more affordable, including
budget airlines and low-rate hostels. This allows people to explore
further and wider than was ever possible before.
● The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization that
promotes cooperation in many areas including human rights,
peace, and economic development. With one phone call or email,
people from all across the globe can come together to ensure the
rights of human beings are protected.

12. Conclusion
Globalization is neither good nor bad. Rather, certain aspects of the complex, and multi-faceted
process of globalization have impacts that can be viewed in different ways depending on the
values at stake. Individual free choice is important, but so is a society’s ability to make
decisions according to what is best for all of its members. The free market is important, but so is
the ability of governments to deal with problems when the free market fails. Local democratic
accountability is important, but so is international agreement on problems that can only be
solved with cooperation far beyond the direct control of individual citizens.Globalization
created a materialist culture, where everybody is concerned with his own interest and benefit,
nobody is bothering about others. A culture of consumerism and pop culture affected other
cultures of the world that were having a glorious and best civilization and cultural values which
were based on humanity, tolerance, world brotherhood, social justice, egalitarianism, etc.

13. Work cited
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14. THANK YOU