1. P E K E R J A A N S O S I A L I N T E R N A S I O N A L
S E P T E M B E R 2 0 , 2 0 1 2
Globalisasi dan Pekerjaan
Sosial Internasional

2. Definisi
 "the compression of the world and the intensification
of the consciousness of the world as a whole”
(Roland Robertson).
 is the process of world shrinkage, of distances getting
shorter, things moving closer. It pertains to the
increasing ease with which somebody on one side of
the world can interact, to mutual benefit, with
somebody on the other side of the world (Thomas
Larrson)

3.  Globalization can thus be defined as the intensification of
worldwide social relations which link distant localities in
such a way that local happenings are shaped by events
occurring many miles away and vice versa (Anthony
Giddens).
 “ A process of global integration in which diverse
peoples, economies, cultures and political processes are
increasingly subjected to international influences”
(Midgley, 1997, p. xi).

4. Dimensi-dimensi Globalisasi
 Improved Technology in Transportation and
Telecommunications
 Meningkatnya kapasitas dan efisiensi pergerakan dan
komunikasi.
 Telephone, SMS, fax, video conference, internet
 Perkembangan teknologi yang pesat meningkatkan
mobilisasi manusia dari satu daerah ke daerah lainnya
secara cepat dan efektif.

5.  Movement of People
 A general increase in awareness, opportunity, and
transportation technology has allowed for people to move
about the world in search of a new home, a new job, or to
flee a place of danger. Most migration takes place within
or between developing countries, possibly because lower
standards of living and lower wages push individuals to
places with a greater chance for economic success.

6.  Liberalisation:
The freedom of the industrialist/businessman to
establish industry, trade or commerce either in his
country or abroad; free exchange of capital, goods,
service and technologies between countries;

7.  Free Trade:
Free trade between countries; absence of excessive
governmental control over trade;

8.  Movement of capital
Additionally, capital (money) is being moved globally
with the ease of electronic transference and a rise in
perceived investment opportunities. Developing
countries are a popular place for investors to place
their capital because of the enormous room for
growth.

9.  Cultural diversity
Because of the globalization and new technology, it has been
found that cultural diversity reflects on the food, music, art,
life style, customs and race. The western culture has mixed
with the eastern culture. For instance, McDonalds
Corporation has expanded to be world wide, and you can see
the logo of “M” everywhere. Also, the Hollywood movies are
very popular in Asia. Globalization has not only promoted
cultural blending, but also driven a lot of business
opportunities.

10.  International cooperation
 The increasing of the multinational corporations, regional and
global organizations leads to the members of the international
community expanding from a single nation to the
transnational corporations, international organizations, and
international non-governmental organizations. In these three
groups of actors, except for the individual international
military treaty organization, only the country and country
alliance have the capability of "plate movement".

11.  Global Civil Society
As global awareness of certain issues has risen, so too has the
number of organizations that aim to deal with them. So called
non-governmental organizations bring together people
unaffiliated with the government and can be nationally or
globally focused. Many international NGOs deal with issues
that do not pay attention to borders (such as global climate
change, energy use, or child labor regulations). Examples of
NGOs include Amnesty International or Doctors without
Borders.

12. Multinational Corporations
 As countries are connected to the rest of the world (through
increased communication and transportation) they
immediately form what a business would call a market. What
this means is that a particular population represents more
people to buy a particular product or service. As more and
more markets are opening up, business people from around
the globe are coming together to form multinational
corporations in order to access these new markets. Another
reason that businesses are going global is that some jobs can
be done by foreign workers for a much cheaper cost than
domestic workers; this is called outsourcing.

13. Globalisasi dan Kehidupan kita
 Bagaimana globalisasi mempengaruhi keseharian
kita?
- Jenis makanan? Film yang Anda tonton? Musik yang
anda dengar? Teknologi informasi yang Anda
gunakan? Bahasa gaul sehari-hari?
- Bagaimana teknologi mempengaruhi kegiatan
belajar mengajar?
- DLL

14. Dampak Globalisasi: Tugas Kelompok
 Dampak Positif dan Negatif Globalisasi terhadap
Kehidupan Masyarakat.
- Ekonomi
- Budaya
- Lingkungan Hidup
- Pendidikan
- Equality
- Security
- Demokratisasi

15. Tugas kelompok
 Buat skema/gambar yang menjelaskan bagaimana
globalisasi menimbulkan dampak positif atau negatif
pada suatu aspek kehidupan (proses).

16. Apa Pro dan Cons Globalisasi?
 Dampak Negatif Melebihi Dampak Positif, atau
Sebaliknya?
 Apakah Dampak Globalisasi Tersebar Merata di
wilayah-wilayah dunia?

17.  Mari kita lihat fakta-fakta di bawah ini untuk melihat
apakah dampak positif globalisasi memang tersebar
merata di seluruh kawasan?
 Apakah kemampuan masing-masing negara untuk
berkompetesi dan bekerjasama dalam konteks globalisasi
juga merata? Atau apakah globalisasi semakin
memperkuat posisi negara tertentu atas negara lainnya?
Dengan kata lain, memperlebar kesenjangan sosial
ekonomi global?

18.  The GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of the 41 Heavily
Indebted Poor Countries (567 million people) is less than the
wealth of the world’s 7 richest people combined.
 Less than one per cent of what the world spent every year on
weapons was needed to put every child into school by the year
2000 and yet it didn’t happen.1 billion children live in poverty
(1 in 2 children in the world). 640 million live without
adequate shelter, 400 million have no access to safe water,
270 million have no access to health services. 10.6 million
died in 2003 before they reached the age of 5 (or roughly
29,000 children per day).

19. Rich and Poor (World Bank, 2004)
Apa kesan Anda melihat gambar di bawah ini?

20. Persentase penduduk dunia hidup dengan
$2/hari

21. Factory Wages: Airing the Dirty Laundry

26. Global Air Pollution

27.  Globalisasi bukan satu-satunya faktor yang
menyebabkan permasalahan sosial ekonomi dan
kesenjangan global.Namun globalisasi merupakan
salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan/memperburuk
permasalahan sosial ekonomi/kesenjangan global.
 Faktor lainnya?

28. Bagaimana hal itu terjadi?
 Kesenjangan kekuasaan dan pengaruh
Behind the increasing interconnectedness promised by
globalization are global decisions, policies, and practices.
These are typically influenced, driven, or formulated by the
rich and powerful. These can be leaders of rich countries or
other global actors such as multinational corporations,
institutions, and influential people.
In the face of such enormous external influence, the
governments of poor nations and their people are often
powerless. As a result, in the global context, a few get wealthy
while the majority struggle.

29. Contoh: Structural Adjustment Policy
 Cutbacks in health, education and other vital social services around
the world have resulted from structural adjustment policies
prescribed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the
World Bank as conditions for loans and repayment. In addition,
developing nation governments are required to open their
economies to compete with each other and with more powerful and
established industrialized nations. To attract investment, poor
countries enter a spiraling race to the bottom to see who can
provide lower standards, reduced wages and cheaper resources.
This has increased poverty and inequality for most people. It also
forms a backbone to what we today call globalization. As a result, it
maintains the historic unequal rules of trade.

30. Janji yang diingkari: Foreign Aid for
Development Assistance
 In 1970, the world’s rich countries agreed to give 0.7% of
their gross national income as official international
development aid, annually.
 Since that time, billions have certainly been given each
year, but rarely have the rich nations actually met their
promised target.
 For example, the US is often the largest donor in dollar
terms, but ranks amongst the lowest in terms of meeting
the stated 0.7% target.

31.  Furthermore, aid has often come with a price of its own for the
developing nations:
 Aid is often wasted on conditions that the recipient must use
overpriced goods and services from donor countries
 Most aid does not actually go to the poorest who would need it the
most
 Aid amounts are dwarfed by rich country protectionism that denies
market access for poor country products, while rich nations use aid
as a lever to open poor country markets to their products
 Large projects or massive grand strategies often fail to help the
vulnerable as money can often be embezzled away.