Global migration is a complex phenomenon that involves over 250 million people moving between countries for various economic, social, and environmental reasons. There are two main categories of migrants - labor/economic migrants who move for jobs or family reunification, and forced migrants who move due to adverse circumstances like conflict, persecution, or natural disasters. The key drivers of migration include economic and demographic factors, environmental factors like climate change or natural disasters, and human-made crises. Migration impacts development goals around health, education, gender equality, decent work, sustainable cities, climate action, and more. Many Filipinos work overseas due to poverty, unemployment, curiosity about other cultures, and to send money home to support their families, though this often comes

1. Global Migration:
Basic Concepts Prepared by:
Andrea Ortega
Marineth Olaguera
Jaymark Rempillo

2. Global Migration
Is a complex phenomenon that tackles on a
multiplicity of economic, social, security, and several
aspects affecting our daily lives in rapidly
interconnecting world
In 2017, the number of migrants reached 250 million,
compared to 173 million in 2000.
It’s the monument of people between countries for
various reasons, impacting societies, economies, and
cultures worldwide.

3. Migration Migrants
Is a process of people
moving from one place to
another, Typically involving
crossing borders or
regions.
Are the people who move,
often across borders, for a
serious reason
2 Categories of Migrants
1.Labor (or economi) migrants (and family reunification)
2.Force Migrants (asylum and refugee)

4. 2 Categories of Migrants
Force Migrants
 They are those who are
compelled to migrate due to
adverse circumstances beyond
their control.
Asylum
 It is a protection offered by a
country to people escaping
precaution or danger in their
home country.
Refugees
 Are people who flee their
home country to escape
danger and seek safety
elsewhere.

5. Drivers of Migration
 Are forces which lead to the inception of migration and to the
perception of movement (Massey et. Al. 1998)
These are the drivers of migration:
1. Economic and Demographic Drivers
-Refers to the factors that influence people to move from one place to
another, often across borders.
-Reasons include: job opportunities, population growth, education,
family conflict, environment issues, and government policies.

6. 2. Environment Drivers
-Relates to the natural environment that can lead to people to
move from one place to another. It's stem from climate
change, natural disasters, drought and desertification, sea
level rises, resource scarcity, environment, degradation, and
less biodiversity.
3. Human made crisis
-Also includes conflicts, persecution, human rights abuses,
economic inequality, political instability, forced displacement,
and government policies that impact migration process.

7. Migration and the
Sustainable Development
 A defining feature of the 21st century
 Contributes significantly to all aspects of economic and social
development.
 The 2023 Agenda in the first international development
framework to include and recognize migration as a dimension
of development.
 The multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral nature of 2023
Agenda is a useful platform to assess the impact of migration
and human mobility on a range of development issues
(Lonnback,2014).

8. The Sustainable Development Goals
Goal 3. Health
Goal 4. Education
Goal 5. Gender Equality
Goal 8. Decent Work
Goal 11. Sustainable
Cities
Goal 13. Climate Action
Goal 16. Peaceful
Societies
Goal 17. Partnerships
Goal 10. Reduce
Inequalities

9. Global Migration:
Overseas Filipino Employment
History of Overseas Filipino Employment
Organized labor migration from the
Philippines has been in existence for at least 400
years based on historical accounts leading as far
back as the Spanish colonial period (1521-1898),
during which natives Manship in the manila
Acapulco galleon trade(Samonte etc. al. 1995)

10. Global Migration:
Overseas Filipino Employment
History of Overseas Filipino Employment
Pre 28th century: Even before, Filipinos
engage in overseas work including seafaring,
trading, and labor migration to neighboring
Asian countries. These early migrations laid
the groundwork for the overseas employment
culture

11. Common reasons Why Filipinos work
Abroad
Poverty- it leads to individuals to seek better
economic opportunities and improve living
conditions abroad. The desire to provide for
the families and escape the hardships
associated with poverty is a powerful
motivation for many Filipinos who choose to
work abroad.

12. Common reasons Why Filipinos work
Abroad
Unemployment and Low Wage- they find
opportunities in other country, were there they
may find higher wage and more stable job.
Working abroad enable them to earn money,
support their families, and escape the financial
hardship associated with unemployment in
home country.

13. Common reasons Why Filipinos work
Abroad
Curiosity- can be a driving force for
those who choose to work abroad. It
motivates individuals to explore, learn,
and grow in ways that are not always
possible in their home to satisfying their
curiosity about the world and gain
valuable life experiences.

14. Common Risk /Cost of Overseas Filipino
Employment
Abuse and Violence- a serious concern that
some Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) may
face while working abroad. These issues may
have severe emotional, physical, and
psychological consequences.

15. Common Risk /Cost of Overseas Filipino
Employment
Weakened Family Ties- it means that a
relationship within a family or loved ones may
become strained or distant due to the physical
separation and various challenges with
overseas employment

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