The document discusses global migration and its factors. It provides definitions of key migration terms like emigration, immigration, and internal migration. It also examines push and pull factors for migration like economic opportunities, family, conflict, and climate. In addition, the summary focuses on overseas Filipino workers, providing data on their demographics, occupations, and regions worked. It notes that while remittances provide benefits, the loss of skilled workers through prolonged brain drain poses challenges to the country's economy and human capital development.

1. Global Migration

2. At the end of this lesson, students are expected to:
1. analyze the political, economic, cultural, and social factors underlying the
global movements of people; and
2. display first-hand knowledge of the experience of Overseas Filipino
workers.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

3. Especially of humans, is the movement by individuals from one place then
onto the next because of specific components and expectations to settling
permanently or temporarily in new vicinity. It is often over long distances
and from one country to another. Whereas, the situation in which people go
to live in foreign countries, especially to is global migration.
Migration

4. Aprhodite
Concepts of Migration:
1. Migration. A change of
residence that involves a
complete change and
readjustment of community
affiliations
2. Movement. A change of
residence while retaining
same jobs, social
relationship, and
community ties.
International Migration
1. Emigration. The act of
leaving one’s own country
with the intent to settle
Permanently abroad.
2. Immigration. It is the act
of coming to live
permanently in a foreign
country.

5. Internal Migration
Residential Mobility Migration Streams Migration by Stage
The change of residence within the
same national boundaries.
Migration Interval

6. Migration Streams Migration by Stage Migration Interval
It consists of migrants who depart from a
common area of origin and arrive at a
common area of destination.
Internal Migration
Gross migration

7. Migration by Stage Migration Interval
It is a series of less drastic movement from
village to city
Gross migration
Internal Migration
Stream Movement

8. Migration by Stage Migration Interval
It is the time reference of the
migration process.
Gross migration Stream Movement
Internal Migration
Forced Migr

9. Migration Interval
It is the sum of arrivals and departures in a
given area.
Gross migration Stream Movement
Internal Migration
Forced Migration

10. It refers to a group of migrants who come from a common
area of origin and go to a common area of destination at a
certain period of time.
Gross migration Stream Movement
Internal Migration
Forced Migration

11. It is brought about by complex humanitarian
emergencies (war, ethnic cleansing,
pandemic, etc.)
Gross migration Stream Movement
Internal Migration
Forced Migration

12. Factors of Global Migration
Why do people migrate?
Economic migration - moving to find employment or follow a particular career
path.
Social migration - moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to
family or friends.
Political migration - moving to escape political persecution or war, earthquake,
etc.
​Environmental causes of migration include natural disasters such as flood,
earthquakes, etc.

13. Documentary
Push and Pull Factors of
Migration
-Push Factors Pull Factors
Lack of services
lack of safety
High crime
crop failure
Drought
Flooding
Poverty
War
More wealth
Better services
Good climate
safer, less crime
Higher employment
Political stability more fertile land
Lower risk from natural hazards
Table 4: Push and pull factors

14. Overseas Filipino Workers

15. Overseas Filipino Workers
Table 5 Age and Sex of Overseas Filipino Workers: 2018
Selected Characteristics
Number of overseas Filipino workers (in thousands)
Type
Overseas contract workers
Other overseas Filipino workers
Sex
Male
Female
Age Group
Both Sexes
15-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-4.
45 and over
2018
2,399
100.0
96.2
3.8
100.0
44.2
55.8
100 0
5.3
20.0
23.7
19.2
14.3
17.5

16. Overseas Filipino Workers
Male
15-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45 and over
Female
15-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45 and over
100,0
5.3
16.9
22.0
19.3
15.3
21.2
100.0
5.4
22.4
25.1
19.2
13.4
14.5

17. Documentary
Overseas Filipino Workers
TABLE 6 Male and Female Overseas Filipino Workers by Occupation: 2018
Major occupation group
Number of overseas Filipino workers (in thousands)
Total
Managers
Professionals
Technicians and associate professionals
Clerical support workers
Service and sales workers
Skilled agricultural forestry and fishery workers
Craft and related trade workers
Plant and machine operators and assemblers
Elementary occupations
Both sexes
2.299
100.0
1.1
9.0
7.0
3.8
18.8
0.2
9.2
13.8
37.1
Male
1.016
100.0
1.1
8.1
11.8
2.9
19.0
05
19.0
27.8
9.8
Female
1.284
100.0
1.1
9.8
3.1
4.6
18.6
–
1.4
2.7
58.7

18. Overseas Filipino Workers
Table 7 Distribution of overseas Filipino workers by region of origin and place of work
Selected characteristics.
Region
Number of overseas Filipino workers (in thousands)
National Capital Region (NCR)
Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
Region I (Ilocos Region)
Region II (Cagayan Valley)
Region III (Central Luzon)
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
MIMAROPA Region
Region V (Bicol Region)
Region VI (Western Visayas)
Region VII (Central Visayas)
Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)
Region X (Northern Mindanao)
Region XI (Davao Region)
Region XII (SOCCSKSARGEN)
Region XIII (Caraga)
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)
2018
2,399
100.0
9.7
1.8
9.7
6.5
14.3
17.9
1.8
3.7
8.9
5.6
2.2
2.5
3.5
3.3
4.7
1.8
2.1

19. Overseas Filipino Workers
Table 7 Distribution of overseas filipino workers by region of origin and place of work
Place of Work
Africa
Asia
East Asia
Hong Kong
Japan
Taiwan
Other countries in East Asia (including China, South Korea)
Southeast and South Central Asia
Malaysia
Singapore
Other countries in Southeast and South Central Asia (including Brunei).
Western Asia
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other countries in Western Asia (including. Bahrain, Israel, Lebanon, Jordan)
Australia
Europe
North and South America
100.0
0.9
82.6
18.7
6.3
3.3
5.5
3.7
9.0
2.4
4.9
1.7
54.9
5.7
5.2
24.3
15.7
4.0
2.1
7.8
6.6

20. The increasing number of OFWs has become overwhelming
despite uncertain circumstances and risk which poses some
consequences to the country. What do you think are the effects
of the brain drain phenomenon?

21. Brain drain is the process in which a country loses its most educated and talented workers to
other countries through migration. This trend is considered a problem, because the most
highly skilled and competent individuals leave the country, and contribute their expertise to
the economy of other countries. The country they leave can suffer economic hardships
because those who remain don't have the 'know-how' to make a difference.
WHAT IS BRAIN DRAIN phenomenon?

22. The push factors are negative characteristics of the home country that form the impetus for
intelligent people migrating from Lesser Developed Countries (LDC).
Pull factors are the positive characteristics of the developed country from which the migrant
would like to benefit. Higher paying jobs and a better quality of life are
Causes of Brain Drain

23. THE EFFECT OF BRAIN DRAIN
-Loss of tax revenue
-Loss of potential future entrepreneurs
-A shortage of important, skilled workers
-The exodus may lead to loss of confidence in the economy, which will cause
persons to desire to leave rather than stay
-Loss of innovative ideas
-Loss of the country's investment in education
-The loss of critical health and education services

24. The drawbacks of brain drain outweigh the benefits, so there are some moves that
governments can make to reduce the number of highly educated and skilled workers that
relocate to other countries. One way that governments can keep its skilled workers is to
ensure that citizens feel safe and to take steps to stimulate economic activity.
Possible Actions to Curb Brain Drain

25. The end
Thank you