- Glands play an important role in human behavior by assisting in digestion, waste elimination, emotion production and prolongation, and metabolic regulation. - The document discusses the location and functions of major glands like the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, sex glands, pancreas, pineal, and thymus glands. - Imbalances in glandular secretions can impact personality, metabolism, and mental and emotional states. Understanding glands helps nurses comprehend disease effects on behavior and facilitate learning.

1. GLANDULAR
BEHAVIOUR
PRESENTED BY-
PRAJNYA ELINAR DIGAL
M.SC (N) Tutor

2. PRETEST

3. 1. Exocrine glands are otherwise called
as what?
A. Duct glands
B. Duct-less glands
C. Non of the above

4. 2. Where the Thyroid Gland is present?
A. Base of the Brain
B. Just bellow the Larynx
C. Bellow the stomach

5. 3.Which one is the mixed gland ?
1.Pituitary gland
2.Adrenal gland
3.pancreas

6. 4.Which things are affected due to Over
secretion of hormones ?
a. general metabolism
b. emotional behaviour
c. both

7.  There are many glands in human beings situated in different
parts of the body.
 Glands play an important role in human behavior.
 They also assist in the digestion of food, elimination of waste
products, production & prolongation of emotion states &
regulation of metabolism of the body.

10.  The duct glands release their chemical
secretion through little ducts or tubes into
the body cavities or on the surface of the
body
 They secrete digestive fluid, gastric juice,
perspiration, tears, urea, urine and
reproductive cells, respectively.
 These glands are activated during emotional
situations.

18.  Function:
 The normal secretions of these hormones
promote healthy and normal personality.
 Over or under secretion of these hormones
affect the development of body, general
metabolism, mental development and
emotional behaviour.
 The hormones are released into blood stream
& are carried to all parts of the body.

19.  Pituitary gland
 Thyroid gland
 Parathyroid gland
 Adrenal glands
 Sex glands
 Pancreas
 Pineal gland
 Thymus gland

21.  Location:
Lies at the base of the brain.
 This is also called the master
gland, because it controls the
functions of many glands.
 There are two lobes in this gland.

23.  The anterior lobe secretes hormones called
trophic hormones .
 which influence the secretions of other
glands.
 The anterior lobe controls:-
 Growth of body
 Prolactin secretion in women
 Insulin secretion
 Metabolic activities
 Sexual activities etc.

24.  Posterior pituitary lobe secretes:
Antidiuretic hormons or ADH
Oxytocin
 Result of malfunctioning:
 The hyperactivity of this gland leads to
gigantism or giantism.
 The under activity leads to dwarfism.

25. Location:
 Just below the larynx
Secretes:
 Thyroxin hormone.

26. Function:
 The normal secretion of thyroxin
hormone regulates oxygen
consumption and helps energy
output.
 Regulate body metabolism.

27. Over secretion:
 Hyperthyroidism
 Increased nervous tension or
excitement,
 insomnia
 over activity
 weight loss
 increased metabolism

28. Under secretion:
 Hypothyroidism
 Sluggishness
 Forgetfulness
 Stupidity
 Dullness etc.
 Hypothyroidism in childhood leads to a
disease called cretinism (it is a form of
mental retardation) and during adulthood it
leads to myxoedema.

29. Location:
 On the surface of the thyroid glands (in the neck
behind the thyroid gland)
 These glands are four in number.
 Size: grain or rice size.
 Function:
 They secrete a hormone called Parathyroxin.
 Which controls the calcium balance of the blood.

30. Results of malfunctioning
 Hyposecretion leads to
 Excitability
 Muscular tremors
 Spasms and cramps
 Increased sensitivity to criticisms
 (Mentally, the individual becomes highly sensitive to
criticisms and unable to control emotions.)
 Complete decline in secretion leads to: disease called
tetany.

31. Hyperactivity leads to
 lassitude
 lack of interest
 physical weakness
 softness of bones due to lack of calcium
 lethargy due nervous weakness

32.  Location:
 Just above the kidneys
 It is also known as suprarenal
glands.
 Important function:
 Fight or flight response during the
strong emotional reactions or
stress.

34. Adrenal medulla
 Function:
 Secretes a hormone called Adrenaline
and Noradrenalin (epinephrine and
nor-epinephrine).
 This hormone plays a very important
role during emotional experiences.
Adrenaline mobilizes the person for
emergencies.

35. Adrenaline
 Over production causes:
 Rapid heartbeat
 high blood pressure
Under production causes:
 it would result in an inability to
prepare the body for action in
response to a stressful or physically
demanding situation.

36. Cortex
 The outer part is called cortex.
Function:
 It produces a hormone called cortin
 Which regulate the body metabolism
 Maintain the water and salt level
 Produce sex hormones(which are
important in development of
secondary sex characteristics)

37. Result of malfunctioning:
 Under secretion of cortin leads to
 Lethargy
 Fatigue
 lack of interest in sexual activities
 irritability
 depression
 poor memory
 sleep disturbances

38. Over secretion leads to
 Over excitability
 activeness
 Appearance of premature sexual characteristics
Excess secretion in women leads to
 Appearance of masculine characteristics such as
 moustache
 hard voice
 Rough skin and growth of hairs on the chest.

39.  These glands secrete sex
hormones.
 Sex hormones are necessary for
the development of interest in sex
and personality traits.

40. Location:-below the stomach
 Pancreas produces insulin.
Over secretion:
 When the insulin quantity in blood goes very
high, the sugar level comes down particularly
in brain, resulting in giddiness, sweating,
unconscious, lack of energy in limbs, etc.
Under secretion: diabetic

42. Location: Deep in the center of the brain
It is also called as Third Eye - Pineal Gland
Important function:
It secretes melatonin which controls the sleep cycle.
Result of malfunctioning:
 Sleep disorders
 depression

44. Located:
.Lies in front of the heart and behind the
sternum.
Important function:
 Produce thymosin
 It helps in building resistance to disease.
 It shrinks in size after adolescence
 Thymus gland secretes the hormones which
help in sexual activities.

45. Difference between these
two glands

46. •It helps the nurse to understand the physiological basis of
patient behavior.
•It helps the nurse to understand how glandular secretions
influence personality.
•It helps the nurse to understand the various diseases of glands
& their effects on human behavior.
•It helps the nurse in understanding the process of attainment of
knowledge & learning, by knowing this she can make
desirable changes.

47. 


49. POST TEST

50. 1. Exocrine glands are otherwise called as
what?
A. Duct glands
B. Duct-less glands
C. Non of the above

51. 2. Where the Thyroid Gland is present?
A. Base of the Brain
B. Just bellow the Larynx
C. Bellow the stomach

52. 3.Which one is the mixed gland ?
1.Pituitary gland
2.Adrenal gland
3.pancreas

53. 4.Over secretion of hormones affect
a. general metabolism
b. emotional behaviour
c. both

54. Our glands play an important role in the
digestion of food ,the elimination of waste products ,
the production and prolongation of emotional states and
the regulation of metabolism of the body.

55. THANK YOU