Git and branching workflows enable agile teams to deliver features faster while protecting the main code line from broken changes. The document discusses two common branching models: branch-per-issue and multiple-version support. With branch-per-issue, each developer works on a feature branch, merging to master once tests pass. An integration branch can also be used to catch incompatible changes before merging to master. The multiple-version model maintains stable release branches while new features branch off the alpha master branch. Both models incorporate continuous integration and peer review to catch errors early.