Cryopreservation is a method for long-term conservation of plant genetic resources by storing plant materials like seeds, tissues, cells, pollen, etc. at ultra-low temperatures, usually in liquid nitrogen at -196°C. This preserves the viability and genetic integrity of the materials. There are several advantages like maintaining a large number of accessions in a small space and providing pathogen-free plant materials. Successful cryopreservation involves pretreatment with cryoprotectants, controlled freezing and thawing, then regeneration of plants from the stored materials. It allows preservation of plant genetic diversity for future use in breeding programs.