Germany suffered greatly from the terms of the Treaty of Versailles after WWI. This contributed to economic struggles and nationalist sentiment that Hitler was able to exploit in his rise to power. After becoming Chancellor, Hitler rapidly expanded German territory and built alliances. However, Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, which led to its overextension. The Holocaust under Hitler resulted in the genocide of approximately 6 million European Jews and millions of others deemed inferior. Germany's defeat in 1945 marked the end of Hitler's rule and WWII in Europe.
The document lists and briefly describes the major causes of World War 2, including the Treaty of Versailles, rise of fascism in Italy under Mussolini, rise of Hitler and the Nazi party in Germany, the worldwide Great Depression, Japanese expansionism, anti-communism, appeasement of Hitler, militarism, nationalism, and American isolationism in the 1930s. It also provides maps showing the key theaters of war and lists Hitler's Axis partners versus the Allied powers in WWII.
The Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms on Germany after WWI, leaving its economy in ruins. Japan began expanding its empire to gain resources to sustain its growing population. Fascist dictators like Mussolini and later Hitler rose to power in Italy and Germany, seeking to expand their territories. Hitler took advantage of Germany's desperate economic situation and national pride to become dictator, allying with Mussolini and beginning to rearm Germany in violation of the Treaty while speaking of peace. Hitler's expansion of Germany by annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia was enabled by Britain and France's failed policy of appeasement seeking to avoid war. The worldwide Great Depression created further global instability contributing to the outbreak of WWII.
The document outlines several key causes that led to the start of World War 2 in Europe, including the harsh Treaty of Versailles that left Germany humiliated after WWI. This led to the rise of fascism under Hitler and the Nazi party in Germany. Hitler aggressively expanded German territory by remilitarizing the Rhineland and annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia through appeasement by Britain and France. The Great Depression created economic hardship and unstable governments. Japan also increasingly expanded its empire into China. When Germany invaded Poland in 1939, Britain and France declared war on Germany, marking the start of World War 2.
This document provides biographical information about Adolf Hitler. It describes that he was born in Austria and wanted to be an artist but was rejected from art school. During WWI he fought for Germany and was inspired by nationalist ideas. After the war he joined the Nazi party which he transformed into a mass movement. The Nazi party gained popularity by blaming Jews and others for Germany's defeat in WWI and economic problems. Hitler led the failed Munich Putsch in 1923 but used the time in prison to write Mein Kampf outlining his ideology. The Nazis continued to grow in the late 1920s gaining more support as Germany struggled with high unemployment and inflation during the Great Depression.
1) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand set off a chain reaction of alliances that led European powers like Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, France and Britain into World War 1.
2) Trench warfare led to massive casualties as new weapons were developed but old tactics persisted.
3) Though the U.S. aimed to remain neutral, events like the sinking of the Lusitania by German U-boats turned American opinion against Germany and brought the U.S. into the war in 1917 on the side of the Allies.
The document provides an overview of the Treaty of Versailles, including the learning objectives and key points:
- The Big Three (Clemenceau of France, Lloyd George of Britain, and Wilson of the US) met at Versailles in 1919 to discuss a peace treaty with Germany. Their goals differed - France wanted to severely weaken Germany, Britain wanted a punished but not destroyed Germany, and Wilson wanted a fair treaty and League of Nations.
- The key terms imposed on Germany by the Treaty included loss of land, limits on military, reparations payments, and assigning sole responsibility for WWI. Germany was also required to join the League of Nations.
- There is debate around whether the Treaty was fair
The document lists and briefly describes the major causes of World War 2, including the Treaty of Versailles, rise of fascism in Italy under Mussolini, rise of Hitler and the Nazi party in Germany, the worldwide Great Depression, Japanese expansionism, anti-communism, appeasement of Hitler, militarism, nationalism, and American isolationism in the 1930s. It also provides maps showing the key theaters of war and lists Hitler's Axis partners versus the Allied powers in WWII.
The Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms on Germany after WWI, leaving its economy in ruins. Japan began expanding its empire to gain resources to sustain its growing population. Fascist dictators like Mussolini and later Hitler rose to power in Italy and Germany, seeking to expand their territories. Hitler took advantage of Germany's desperate economic situation and national pride to become dictator, allying with Mussolini and beginning to rearm Germany in violation of the Treaty while speaking of peace. Hitler's expansion of Germany by annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia was enabled by Britain and France's failed policy of appeasement seeking to avoid war. The worldwide Great Depression created further global instability contributing to the outbreak of WWII.
The document outlines several key causes that led to the start of World War 2 in Europe, including the harsh Treaty of Versailles that left Germany humiliated after WWI. This led to the rise of fascism under Hitler and the Nazi party in Germany. Hitler aggressively expanded German territory by remilitarizing the Rhineland and annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia through appeasement by Britain and France. The Great Depression created economic hardship and unstable governments. Japan also increasingly expanded its empire into China. When Germany invaded Poland in 1939, Britain and France declared war on Germany, marking the start of World War 2.
This document provides biographical information about Adolf Hitler. It describes that he was born in Austria and wanted to be an artist but was rejected from art school. During WWI he fought for Germany and was inspired by nationalist ideas. After the war he joined the Nazi party which he transformed into a mass movement. The Nazi party gained popularity by blaming Jews and others for Germany's defeat in WWI and economic problems. Hitler led the failed Munich Putsch in 1923 but used the time in prison to write Mein Kampf outlining his ideology. The Nazis continued to grow in the late 1920s gaining more support as Germany struggled with high unemployment and inflation during the Great Depression.
1) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand set off a chain reaction of alliances that led European powers like Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, France and Britain into World War 1.
2) Trench warfare led to massive casualties as new weapons were developed but old tactics persisted.
3) Though the U.S. aimed to remain neutral, events like the sinking of the Lusitania by German U-boats turned American opinion against Germany and brought the U.S. into the war in 1917 on the side of the Allies.
The document provides an overview of the Treaty of Versailles, including the learning objectives and key points:
- The Big Three (Clemenceau of France, Lloyd George of Britain, and Wilson of the US) met at Versailles in 1919 to discuss a peace treaty with Germany. Their goals differed - France wanted to severely weaken Germany, Britain wanted a punished but not destroyed Germany, and Wilson wanted a fair treaty and League of Nations.
- The key terms imposed on Germany by the Treaty included loss of land, limits on military, reparations payments, and assigning sole responsibility for WWI. Germany was also required to join the League of Nations.
- There is debate around whether the Treaty was fair
Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 due to several converging factors: 1) the Nazi party gained popularity after the 1929 stock market crash exacerbated Germany's economic woes, 2) conservative politicians believed they could control Hitler and made deals that put him in power, 3) Hitler's oratory skills and use of propaganda through rallies appealed to Germans, and 4) paramilitary Brownshirts intimidated rivals through violence.
The document summarizes how Otto von Bismarck unified Germany in the late 1800s through a series of strategic wars and negotiations that shifted power away from Austria. Bismarck used "blood and iron" tactics like provoking the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 and manipulating the Ems Telegram to start the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 to defeat Germany's rivals and form the German Empire under Prussian leadership.
The document provides a detailed overview of the key events of World War II from 1939-1945. It describes how the political and economic instability in Germany following WWI led to the rise of Hitler and the Nazis. It then outlines Germany's aggression across Europe in the late 1930s that precipitated the start of WWII. The document discusses the major military campaigns and battles across Europe and in the Pacific theater between the Allied and Axis powers. It also describes the implementation of the Holocaust by Nazi Germany and its allies that resulted in the genocide of approximately 6 million European Jews.
Totalitarianism is a form of government where the state has total control over all aspects of society. Totalitarian regimes in Europe in the early 20th century included Nazi Germany under Hitler, Fascist Italy under Mussolini, and Communist Russia under Stalin. The Treaty of Versailles after World War 1 contributed to conditions that allowed totalitarian leaders to rise to power by punishing Germany severely and leaving some nations like Italy dissatisfied.
Mutual defense alliances between European countries meant that the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand drew more countries into the conflict. Rising nationalism, imperialism, and militarism increased tensions, while disputes over territory in Africa and Asia were exacerbated by competition between colonial powers. The immediate trigger was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist, which caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia and activated the system of alliances that pulled other European countries into the growing conflict.
World War II was fought between the Allied Powers (Britain, France, USA, Soviet Union, China) and the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, Japan). It was the largest and deadliest war in history, resulting in 40-50 million deaths. Adolf Hitler rose to power in Germany in the 1920s and became the fascist dictator and leader of the Nazi party. He believed in German supremacy and that Jews were inferior, leading to the persecution and genocide of Jewish people in Germany and occupied territories during the war. India played an important supporting role for the Allies by providing over 2.5 million troops and economic resources.
World War 1 was caused by long-term tensions between European nations such as nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system. The immediate cause was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist on June 28, 1914. This triggered a series of declarations of war between European powers with secret alliances that led all major European powers to enter the war.
The document summarizes the key causes and events of World War 1. It discusses the long-term causes like nationalism, imperialism, and militarism that divided Europe into allied camps. The immediate spark was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914. America initially remained neutral but was drawn into the war in 1917 after German U-boats sank American ships and the Zimmerman Telegram was intercepted. With fresh American troops arriving in 1918, the Allied forces gained the upper hand and Germany surrendered in November 1918, ending World War 1.
The Yalta Conference was held in February 1945 in Crimea, Ukraine and brought together the "Big Three" Allied leaders - President Franklin Roosevelt of the United States, Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom, and Premier Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union. The goals of the conference were to discuss the post-war reorganization of Germany and issues of reestablishing security and stability in Europe. Some of the key agreements reached included dividing Germany into occupation zones, the Soviet Union joining the United Nations and declaring war against Japan, and the establishment of the United Nations as an international organization dedicated to global peace and security.
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) was a conflict fought primarily in Germany between Catholics and Protestants. While religious differences played a role, the goals of the various powers involved were mainly geopolitical, such as German princes seeking autonomy and France attempting to limit Hapsburg power. The war occurred in phases involving Bohemia, Denmark, Sweden, and finally France and Sweden against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. It culminated in the Peace of Westphalia, which granted sovereignty to German princes and greater religious tolerance while curbing Hapsburg power. The war devastated Germany and marked the end of the age of religious wars in Europe.
The document discusses the start and end dates of World War 2. It notes that while the war is generally considered to have started on September 1, 1939 with Germany's invasion of Poland, some date the beginning earlier to Japan's invasion of Manchuria in 1931 or the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937. The exact end date is also not universally agreed upon, though some suggest August 1945 with Japan's surrender or May 1945 with Nazi Germany's surrender. The document also includes a brief world map showing colonial control at the end of the war in 1945.
The document discusses the aftermath of World War 2 in Europe and the origins of the Cold War. It describes the wartime conferences between Allied leaders to determine how to administer defeated Axis nations and establish lasting peace. This included dividing and occupying Germany as well as establishing the United Nations. However, disagreements among the Allies over spheres of influence and postwar policies in Eastern Europe planted the seeds for the Cold War.
Fall of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War HeatherP
Mikhail Gorbachev implemented reforms in the Soviet Union in the 1980s to reduce government control of business and increase freedoms for citizens in an attempt to stabilize the failing economy, which had been overspending on suppressing revolts, defending its borders, and competing militarily with the US. These reforms unintentionally sparked political changes across Eastern Europe as countries gained more independence. In 1989, the fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized the collapse of communist control and the reunification of Germany, and by 1991 the Soviet Union dissolved entirely as its republics declared independence, ending the Cold War.
World War II began in the 1930s with acts of aggression by Japan, Italy and Germany. Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931, Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1935. Germany annexed Austria and invaded Czechoslovakia, ignoring the League of Nations. In 1939, Germany invaded Poland, starting World War II. The policy of appeasement by Britain and France failed to stop Hitler's expansionism. Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, while Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941, bringing the United States into the war.
The document summarizes the Saar Plebiscite of 1935, where residents of the Saar region voted between joining Germany, France, or remaining under League of Nations control. After Germany campaigned heavily for a return to Germany, Hitler won over 90% of the vote, returning the region to Germany despite complaints. The international community accepted the results as a legal process under the terms set by the Treaty of Versailles.
The document summarizes key events of the Russo-German War from 1941 to 1945. It describes Operation Barbarossa in June 1941, where 3 million German soldiers invaded the Soviet Union, making large gains initially. However, the brutal Russian winter of 1941-1942 caused heavy German losses. The Battle of Stalingrad from 1942-1943 marked a major turning point, where the entire German 6th Army was surrounded and captured by Soviet forces. For the next two years the Germans were pushed back by Soviet counteroffensives, until Russian forces entered Germany itself by 1945 seeking revenge.
After WWII, Germany faced many challenges including losing territory and resources, millions of deaths and injuries, and destroyed industry and infrastructure. The Treaty of Versailles further hampered recovery by imposing heavy reparations and restricting the military. This led to economic struggles as inflation rose and jobs and goods became scarce. Adolf Hitler gained popularity by promising to address these issues and blaming Jews and the treaty for Germany's problems. He rose to power as Chancellor in 1933 and quickly established a dictatorship, rebuilding the military while restricting civil liberties.
Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 due to several converging factors: 1) the Nazi party gained popularity after the 1929 stock market crash exacerbated Germany's economic woes, 2) conservative politicians believed they could control Hitler and made deals that put him in power, 3) Hitler's oratory skills and use of propaganda through rallies appealed to Germans, and 4) paramilitary Brownshirts intimidated rivals through violence.
The document summarizes how Otto von Bismarck unified Germany in the late 1800s through a series of strategic wars and negotiations that shifted power away from Austria. Bismarck used "blood and iron" tactics like provoking the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 and manipulating the Ems Telegram to start the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 to defeat Germany's rivals and form the German Empire under Prussian leadership.
The document provides a detailed overview of the key events of World War II from 1939-1945. It describes how the political and economic instability in Germany following WWI led to the rise of Hitler and the Nazis. It then outlines Germany's aggression across Europe in the late 1930s that precipitated the start of WWII. The document discusses the major military campaigns and battles across Europe and in the Pacific theater between the Allied and Axis powers. It also describes the implementation of the Holocaust by Nazi Germany and its allies that resulted in the genocide of approximately 6 million European Jews.
Totalitarianism is a form of government where the state has total control over all aspects of society. Totalitarian regimes in Europe in the early 20th century included Nazi Germany under Hitler, Fascist Italy under Mussolini, and Communist Russia under Stalin. The Treaty of Versailles after World War 1 contributed to conditions that allowed totalitarian leaders to rise to power by punishing Germany severely and leaving some nations like Italy dissatisfied.
Mutual defense alliances between European countries meant that the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand drew more countries into the conflict. Rising nationalism, imperialism, and militarism increased tensions, while disputes over territory in Africa and Asia were exacerbated by competition between colonial powers. The immediate trigger was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist, which caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia and activated the system of alliances that pulled other European countries into the growing conflict.
World War II was fought between the Allied Powers (Britain, France, USA, Soviet Union, China) and the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, Japan). It was the largest and deadliest war in history, resulting in 40-50 million deaths. Adolf Hitler rose to power in Germany in the 1920s and became the fascist dictator and leader of the Nazi party. He believed in German supremacy and that Jews were inferior, leading to the persecution and genocide of Jewish people in Germany and occupied territories during the war. India played an important supporting role for the Allies by providing over 2.5 million troops and economic resources.
World War 1 was caused by long-term tensions between European nations such as nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system. The immediate cause was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist on June 28, 1914. This triggered a series of declarations of war between European powers with secret alliances that led all major European powers to enter the war.
The document summarizes the key causes and events of World War 1. It discusses the long-term causes like nationalism, imperialism, and militarism that divided Europe into allied camps. The immediate spark was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914. America initially remained neutral but was drawn into the war in 1917 after German U-boats sank American ships and the Zimmerman Telegram was intercepted. With fresh American troops arriving in 1918, the Allied forces gained the upper hand and Germany surrendered in November 1918, ending World War 1.
The Yalta Conference was held in February 1945 in Crimea, Ukraine and brought together the "Big Three" Allied leaders - President Franklin Roosevelt of the United States, Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom, and Premier Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union. The goals of the conference were to discuss the post-war reorganization of Germany and issues of reestablishing security and stability in Europe. Some of the key agreements reached included dividing Germany into occupation zones, the Soviet Union joining the United Nations and declaring war against Japan, and the establishment of the United Nations as an international organization dedicated to global peace and security.
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) was a conflict fought primarily in Germany between Catholics and Protestants. While religious differences played a role, the goals of the various powers involved were mainly geopolitical, such as German princes seeking autonomy and France attempting to limit Hapsburg power. The war occurred in phases involving Bohemia, Denmark, Sweden, and finally France and Sweden against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. It culminated in the Peace of Westphalia, which granted sovereignty to German princes and greater religious tolerance while curbing Hapsburg power. The war devastated Germany and marked the end of the age of religious wars in Europe.
The document discusses the start and end dates of World War 2. It notes that while the war is generally considered to have started on September 1, 1939 with Germany's invasion of Poland, some date the beginning earlier to Japan's invasion of Manchuria in 1931 or the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937. The exact end date is also not universally agreed upon, though some suggest August 1945 with Japan's surrender or May 1945 with Nazi Germany's surrender. The document also includes a brief world map showing colonial control at the end of the war in 1945.
The document discusses the aftermath of World War 2 in Europe and the origins of the Cold War. It describes the wartime conferences between Allied leaders to determine how to administer defeated Axis nations and establish lasting peace. This included dividing and occupying Germany as well as establishing the United Nations. However, disagreements among the Allies over spheres of influence and postwar policies in Eastern Europe planted the seeds for the Cold War.
Fall of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War HeatherP
Mikhail Gorbachev implemented reforms in the Soviet Union in the 1980s to reduce government control of business and increase freedoms for citizens in an attempt to stabilize the failing economy, which had been overspending on suppressing revolts, defending its borders, and competing militarily with the US. These reforms unintentionally sparked political changes across Eastern Europe as countries gained more independence. In 1989, the fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized the collapse of communist control and the reunification of Germany, and by 1991 the Soviet Union dissolved entirely as its republics declared independence, ending the Cold War.
World War II began in the 1930s with acts of aggression by Japan, Italy and Germany. Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931, Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1935. Germany annexed Austria and invaded Czechoslovakia, ignoring the League of Nations. In 1939, Germany invaded Poland, starting World War II. The policy of appeasement by Britain and France failed to stop Hitler's expansionism. Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, while Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941, bringing the United States into the war.
The document summarizes the Saar Plebiscite of 1935, where residents of the Saar region voted between joining Germany, France, or remaining under League of Nations control. After Germany campaigned heavily for a return to Germany, Hitler won over 90% of the vote, returning the region to Germany despite complaints. The international community accepted the results as a legal process under the terms set by the Treaty of Versailles.
The document summarizes key events of the Russo-German War from 1941 to 1945. It describes Operation Barbarossa in June 1941, where 3 million German soldiers invaded the Soviet Union, making large gains initially. However, the brutal Russian winter of 1941-1942 caused heavy German losses. The Battle of Stalingrad from 1942-1943 marked a major turning point, where the entire German 6th Army was surrounded and captured by Soviet forces. For the next two years the Germans were pushed back by Soviet counteroffensives, until Russian forces entered Germany itself by 1945 seeking revenge.
After WWII, Germany faced many challenges including losing territory and resources, millions of deaths and injuries, and destroyed industry and infrastructure. The Treaty of Versailles further hampered recovery by imposing heavy reparations and restricting the military. This led to economic struggles as inflation rose and jobs and goods became scarce. Adolf Hitler gained popularity by promising to address these issues and blaming Jews and the treaty for Germany's problems. He rose to power as Chancellor in 1933 and quickly established a dictatorship, rebuilding the military while restricting civil liberties.
The document summarizes key events leading up to and during World War 2 in Europe. It describes Hitler's rise to power in Germany and violations of the Treaty of Versailles, including remilitarization of the Rhineland, annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia. It outlines the formation of the Axis alliance between Germany, Italy and Japan and Germany and Italy's support of Franco's Fascists in the Spanish Civil War. The document then discusses Germany's aggression against Austria and Czechoslovakia as well as the failed appeasement of the Munich Agreement before outlining the invasion of Poland and subsequent events of World War 2.
Germany began aggressively expanding its military in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler sought to gain "living space" or Lebensraum by taking land from countries he viewed as inferior. Germany aided Franco's nationalists in the Spanish Civil War to test its new military tactics. Germany later formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan to oppose communism. Despite condemning Germany's rearmament, the League of Nations took no action to stop it. Germany continued expanding by remilitarizing the Rhineland, annexing Austria, and taking the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia with the appeasement policy of Britain and France proving ineffective at halting German aggression.
This document contains a collection of photos from memorial sites and commemorations related to World War II in Poland, the Philippines, Germany, and the United States. The photos depict sites such as concentration camps, war memorials honoring soldiers and civilians who died, monuments dedicated to specific battles or military units, and places related to the Holocaust. Locations represented include Stuthof concentration camp in Poland, the Hiroshima Peace Park in Japan, war memorials in Missouri, USA, and the Holocaust Museum in Washington D.C.
The document summarizes key events from the start of WWII through the end of the war. It describes Germany's quick invasion of Poland in 1939 and subsequent invasion of Western European countries in 1940. Britain fought off the German air force in the Battle of Britain. Germany bombed British cities but failed to force a surrender. The US joined the war after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. The US fought Japan in the Pacific, eventually dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, leading to Japan's surrender and the end of WWII.
Stalin was worried about German aggression after Hitler came to power in 1933. He tried to create alliances with Britain and France but was unsuccessful. By 1939, Stalin distrusted Britain and France's willingness and ability to stop Hitler. He signed a non-aggression pact with Germany in August 1939, shocking the world, as it essentially gave Hitler approval to invade Poland and divided Eastern Europe between the two countries.
Hitler wanted to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia, which had a large ethnic German population. Despite initially promising he had no designs on Czechoslovakia, Hitler increased his demands over time. In September 1938, Britain and France pressured Czechoslovakia to cede the Sudetenland to Germany at the Munich Agreement in an attempt to appease Hitler and avoid war. However, this emboldened Hitler and weakened the alliance against Germany, setting the stage for World War 2 when Germany invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia in 1939.
Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, starting World War II in Europe. Great Britain and France declared war on Germany. Hitler signed a non-aggression pact with Stalin, dividing Poland between them. The United States initially remained neutral but increasingly aided the Allies through acts like Lend-Lease. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, bringing the U.S. into the war. The U.S. and Allies fought major battles across Europe and the Pacific, gradually turning the tide against Germany and Japan. The U.S. dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9th, leading Japan to surrender and end World War II.
World War II was the most devastating war in history. It lasted from 1939 to 1945 and involved most of the world's nations. Over 50 million people died during the war, including over 11 million in the Holocaust. The war was extremely costly for the US, increasing national debt from $9 billion in 1940 to $98 billion in 1945. Some of the underlying causes of the war included the harsh Treaty of Versailles after WWI, the worldwide Great Depression, the rise of totalitarian regimes like Nazi Germany and fascist Italy, and isolationist policies among Western nations that led to appeasement of aggressors like Hitler.
The document discusses the evolving relationship between Germany and the Soviet Union between the two World Wars. It summarizes that both countries signed the Treaty of Rapallo in 1922 to renounce territorial claims against one another. In the late 1930s, as Nazi Germany increased tensions in Europe, the two countries signed an economic agreement and non-aggression pact. This pact divided countries in Eastern Europe into "spheres of influence" and prevented Germany from facing war on two fronts by allying with the Soviet Union. However, Germany later invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, destroying the non-aggression pact and alliance between the two countries.
WW II: Part 1 Hitler Aggression vs. British Appeasementbschluep
This presentation summarizes the actions of Europe's leaders throughout the 1930s that lead up to Hitler's demand for possession of Danzig, Poland in 1939.
This document provides an overview of Germany's history from 1919 to 1945, beginning with the Treaty of Versailles after WWI and the restrictions it placed on Germany. It then discusses the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party, key events of WWII such as Germany's invasions and alliances, major battles on the Eastern and Western Fronts, and the Holocaust. The document uses text and images to present information on Germany under Hitler and the key political and military developments of WWII.
The document discusses several key events that threatened peace in Europe in the 1930s and ultimately led to the start of World War II:
1) Hitler pursued an aggressive foreign policy after becoming Chancellor of Germany in 1933 in violation of the Treaty of Versailles, including rearmament of Germany and remilitarization of the Rhineland, which other powers did not stop.
2) The League of Nations proved ineffective at preventing aggression by Germany, Italy, and Japan, failing to take action against their violations.
3) Seeing the League as useless, Stalin signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact with Hitler in 1939 to buy time, allowing Germany to invade Poland and starting World War II in Europe.
The main causes of WWII were:
1) The Treaty of Versailles crippled Germany economically and politically after WWI, fueling German resentment and allowing Hitler to rise to power.
2) The policy of appeasement failed to stop German and Italian aggression as Britain and France continued to give in to Hitler's demands.
3) The emergence of totalitarian regimes in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union centralized power in dictators like Hitler and Stalin who were able to mobilize their nations for war.
4) The Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact allowed Germany and the Soviet Union to divide up Eastern Europe, enabling Hitler's invasion of Poland and the start of WWII.
The document summarizes America's role in World War II from 1941-1945. It describes how the US mobilized for war after the attack on Pearl Harbor, with millions volunteering for service across racial and gender lines. It then outlines the Allied strategy to first invade North Africa in 1942-1943 before advancing through Italy. It also discusses key battles like Stalingrad and D-Day, Germany's losses on multiple fronts, and the final defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945.
World War 2 was caused by rising nationalism, imperialism, and militarism in Germany, Italy, and Japan in the 1930s. These fascist regimes were led by dictators like Hitler, Mussolini, and Tojo who took control of their nations, built up their militaries, and sought to expand their territories, ignoring international treaties. They took advantage of economic troubles to promise national renewal through aggression. The Western democracies failed to effectively counter the aggression and Germany, Italy, and Japan became emboldened, ultimately leading to World War 2.
The document provides an overview of World War II, including key players and major events. Some of the major players in the Axis powers were Adolf Hitler of Germany, Benito Mussolini of Italy, and Hideki Tojo of Japan. Key Allied powers included Winston Churchill of Britain, Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman of the United States, and Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union. Major events of the war included Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939, marking the official start of World War II, as well as Germany's defeat at Stalingrad in 1942 and the Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944. The war ended in 1945 following the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and Japan's surrender.
The Great Depression was caused by farmers and factory workers losing money due to increased competition from European farms and a tariff on imported goods that led other countries to retaliate. There was also too much buying on credit in the 1920s and people borrowing money to invest in stocks, which then crashed. President Hoover tried to lend money to banks and businesses to stimulate the economy but did not help the unemployed. President Roosevelt created the New Deal, passing laws to regulate Wall Street and banking and creating programs to insure bank deposits, provide social security, and employ people in public works projects.
World War II was the largest war in human history, involving countries around the globe from 1939 to 1945. Over 70 million people were killed by the end of the war. The war was sparked by the aftermath of World War I and rise of totalitarian regimes in Germany, Italy, and Japan led by Hitler, Mussolini, and Tojo seeking to expand their territories. The war began when Germany invaded Poland in 1939 and soon involved most major world powers aligned into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
The document outlines major events from 1919-1941 that led to World War 2, including the Treaty of Versailles which imposed harsh terms on Germany after WWI, the rise of Hitler and the Nazis in Germany, their consolidation of power and enactment of racist policies including the Holocaust, and several international crises in the 1930s over territories like Manchuria, Ethiopia, and Czechoslovakia that exposed weaknesses in the League of Nations and appeasement policies of European powers.
The document provides background information on the road to World War II from 1919 to 1941. It discusses key events like the Treaty of Versailles, rise of Hitler and Nazi party in Germany, appeasement at the Munich Conference, and the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact. The document outlines territorial losses for Germany after WWI, restrictions placed on its military, and reparations that contributed to resentment in Germany. It also summarizes Nazi policies that oppressed and persecuted Jews and other groups in the 1930s-40s leading up to the Holocaust.
1) Between 1935-1939, Germany and Italy aggressively expanded their territories through military force and intimidation, violating treaties from WWI. They aided Franco in the Spanish Civil War and invaded Ethiopia and Austria.
2) Britain and France pursued a policy of appeasement, hoping to satisfy Hitler's territorial demands and avoid war. They conceded the Sudetenland to Germany at the Munich Agreement in 1938.
3) In 1939, Germany invaded Poland, prompting Britain and France to declare war. After brief fighting, Germany quickly conquered Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France, trapping the Allied forces at Dunkirk.
4) With Western Europe under its control, Germany bombed Britain but
Major Battles WW2 and End of the War.pptJuvenalLuna2
The document provides background information on the causes and early events of World War II. It discusses the Treaty of Versailles and its role in creating instability in Germany that allowed the rise of the Nazis. It also examines the worldwide economic depression, which further weakened democratic governments and allowed totalitarian regimes like Nazi Germany and fascist Italy to gain power. The summary discusses key events in the early war period like Germany's invasions of Poland, France, and the Low Countries, as well as the Battle of Britain. It concludes by noting the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 marked a major turning point in the war.
The document summarizes the rise of fascist and totalitarian regimes in Europe and Asia in the aftermath of WWI. It describes how leaders like Mussolini in Italy, Stalin in Russia, and Hitler in Germany rose to power amid economic struggles and unrest over territorial losses from WWI. Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles and began invading neighboring countries like Austria and Czechoslovakia, prompting Britain and France to pursue a failed policy of appeasement. When Germany invaded Poland in 1939, Britain and France declared war on Germany, marking the start of World War II.
1. The harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles after WWI led to resentment in Germany and contributed to the rise of Hitler and the Nazis.
2. Aggressive actions by Germany and Italy in the 1930s were initially appeased by other European leaders hoping to avoid another major war.
3. Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939 despite agreements to protect it led Britain and France to declare war on Germany, starting World War II.
The document provides background information on the causes and early warfare of World War II. It discusses the Treaty of Versailles and how it created resentment in Germany. It also discusses the worldwide economic depression of the 1930s and the rise of totalitarian regimes like Nazi Germany, fascist Italy, and communist USSR. Specifically, it describes the personalities and rise to power of Hitler, Mussolini, and Stalin. It then outlines some of the major battles and events of WWII in Europe, including Germany's early victories and invasions, the turning point at Stalingrad, D-Day, and the final push to victory. It concludes with discussions of the Yalta and Potsdam conferences, the formation of the UN, and postwar tensions that
The document summarizes major events in Europe during World War 2 from 1939-1941. It describes Germany's invasion of Poland using blitzkrieg tactics, and the division of Poland between Germany and the Soviet Union. It then discusses Germany's defeat of France in 1940 by going around the Maginot Line through Belgium and trapping Allied forces at Dunkirk. Britain defeated Germany in the Battle of Britain in 1940. Fighting also occurred in North Africa between British and German/Italian forces. In 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union but underestimated Russian resilience and the harsh winter, suffering huge losses.
The document provides a summary of key events during World War II:
1) Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, quickly defeating Poland through the use of Blitzkrieg tactics. Germany then invaded Denmark and Norway in April 1940 and used Blitzkrieg tactics to invade France in May 1940 through Belgium, bypassing the Maginot Line.
2) Britain survived Germany's planned invasion in 1940 thanks to the Royal Air Force prevailing over the Luftwaffe in the Battle of Britain during July-September 1940.
3) Britain depended on imports for resources but survived the German U-boat threat in the Battle of the Atlantic through 1942 by adopting convoy systems protected by radar-equipped ships
The document summarizes key events surrounding the US bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 that ultimately led to Japan's surrender, ending World War II:
1) The US dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th, destroying much of the city and killing around 80,000 people instantly. 2) Three days later on August 9th, a second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing tens of thousands. 3) In the aftermath of the bombings, Japan agreed to surrender on August 15th, bringing World War II to an end.
1) After WWI, several authoritarian governments rose to power in Europe and Asia, including fascist regimes in Italy led by Mussolini and Germany led by Hitler, and communist rule in Russia led by Stalin.
2) In the 1930s, Hitler aggressively expanded German territory by remilitarizing against the Treaty of Versailles and annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia, despite the failed appeasement policy of Britain and France.
3) In 1939, Hitler invaded Poland, starting World War II in Europe as Britain and France declared war on Germany. After quickly defeating Poland, Germany launched attacks on Western European countries and conquered France in 1940.
1) After WWI, several authoritarian governments rose to power in Europe and Asia, including fascist regimes in Italy led by Mussolini and Germany led by Hitler, and communist rule in Russia led by Stalin.
2) In the 1930s, Hitler aggressively expanded German territory by remilitarizing against the Treaty of Versailles and annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia, despite the failed appeasement policy of Britain and France.
3) In 1939, Hitler invaded Poland, starting World War II in Europe as Britain and France declared war on Germany. After quickly defeating Poland, Germany launched attacks on Western European countries and conquered France in 1940.
1) After WWI, several authoritarian governments rose in Europe and Asia, including fascist regimes in Italy led by Mussolini and Germany led by Hitler, and communist rule in Russia led by Stalin.
2) In the 1930s, Hitler aggressively expanded German territory by remilitarizing against the Treaty of Versailles and annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia, despite the failed appeasement policy of Britain and France.
3) In 1939, Hitler invaded Poland, starting World War II in Europe as Britain and France declared war on Germany. Germany then rapidly defeated Poland, France, and other countries using blitzkrieg warfare.
AQA B History GCSE Hitler's Foreign Policy RevisionGeorgie Pearson
Hitler took several steps between 1935 and 1939 to undermine the Treaty of Versailles and expand German territory, which ultimately led to the start of World War 2. These steps included reoccupying the Rhineland in 1936, annexing Austria in 1938, demanding the Sudetenland at Munich in 1938, occupying the rest of Czechoslovakia in 1939, signing a non-aggression pact with the USSR also in 1939, and finally invading Poland on September 1st, 1939, leading Britain and France to declare war on Germany.
The document discusses key events and leaders related to World War II, including the rise of dictators like Hitler and Mussolini, appeasement of aggressors by countries like Britain and France, America's initial isolationism and later entry into the war after the attack on Pearl Harbor, major battles on fronts in Europe and the Pacific, the Holocaust, and the eventual surrender of Germany and Japan.
The document summarizes key events in Europe and Asia leading up to World War 2, including the rise of fascist regimes in Germany, Italy and Japan and their acts of aggression in the 1930s. It also covers the outbreak of war in 1939 after Germany invaded Poland, as well as early victories by Germany using blitzkrieg tactics. The summary concludes with Allied counterattacks against the Axis powers from 1942 onward across multiple fronts.
World War II was an international conflict from 1939-1945 involving the Allied and Axis powers. It began when Nazi Germany invaded Poland in 1939 and eventually involved over 50 countries worldwide. By the end of the war, an estimated 60-80 million people had died, including up to 55 million civilians. Key leaders of the Axis powers included Adolf Hitler of Germany, Hirohito of Japan, and Benito Mussolini of Italy. Leaders of the Allied powers included Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union, Franklin D. Roosevelt of the US, and Winston Churchill of Britain. Major events of the war included Germany's invasions of Western Europe in 1940, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, D-Day in 1944, and the
The document discusses differing views on gun control between Democrats and Republicans. Democrats generally favor stronger gun control laws such as universal background checks, assault weapons bans, and restrictions on high-capacity magazines. Republicans generally oppose further gun control as unconstitutional and argue it will not prevent crime while punishing law-abiding gun owners. The document also examines debates around the meaning and scope of the Second Amendment.
US troops are stationed around the world for several reasons related to WWII and the Cold War era. Troops help maintain global security and stability in regions impacted by wars like Korea and Vietnam. Their presence deters aggression and protects international allies.
Anyone can become addicted to opioids, but those most at risk include those who have experienced trauma, have a mental health condition, misuse prescription opioids, or use heroin. A new documentary from the FBI and DEA called "Chasing the Dragon" aims to educate students and young adults about how easily addiction can develop from opioid misuse and the dangers of heroin use through telling the story of one addict's life.
During the late 1800s and early 1900s, cities in the United States grew rapidly due to large numbers of immigrants and migrants from rural areas. This caused overcrowding and poor living conditions in cities. Problems included cramped housing known as tenements, lack of transportation and sanitation infrastructure, disease outbreaks, high crime rates, and poverty. In response, cities implemented reforms such as building codes, water treatment, garbage collection systems, police forces, and firefighters. Labor unions also advocated for workers' rights to address low wages and long hours. Corruption was widespread in political machines that controlled many city governments; civil service reforms in the 1880s aimed to establish merit-based hiring in the public sector.
The document discusses the history and purpose of the United Nations. It was created in 1945 to replace the League of Nations after it failed to prevent World War II. The UN aims to maintain international peace and security, promote economic development and human rights. It provides a forum for countries to discuss issues and conducts humanitarian aid and peacekeeping missions. The main UN bodies are the General Assembly, Security Council, and other organizations that work on issues like development, human rights, and peacekeeping.
This document provides demographic information about populations in various locations from Harlan, Iowa to worldwide, as well as information about political leaders, issues, and events. It discusses topics like the US national debt, ISIS, President Trump and allegations of sexism/racism, DACA, and perceptions of "fake news" in the mainstream press.
The document provides an introduction to world history, including key concepts and discoveries. It discusses how the oldest human fossils were found in Africa, dated to around 4-6 million years ago. Specifically, early hominid remains were discovered in Tanzania in the 1930s-1970s by Louis and Mary Leakey. More recently, fossils of Homo sapiens dated to 300,000-350,000 years ago were found in Morocco in 2017. The document also summarizes the development of early civilizations along river valleys in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus River Valley, and China from around 3500 BCE, noting traits like cities, writing systems, specialized workers, and advanced technologies.
This document provides guidance on studying for an exam on key events that shaped US history from Native American arrival through Reconstruction. It lists the main topics to focus on for each event, including the time period, explanation of what happened, key people, impact on the US, and important terms. Some of the major events it identifies are Native American populations in North America, European exploration and colonization, the Revolutionary War, the US Constitution, westward expansion, the Civil War, and Reconstruction. It also includes discussion questions about these topics and the structures and powers of the US government established by the Constitution.
The document provides demographic information about populations in various locations from Harlan, Iowa to worldwide. It also includes political leadership roles in Iowa and the US, as well as information on controversial topics like white nationalism, Antifa, media bias, and government funding levels for schools in Iowa.
The document provides details on areas controlled by Japan during WWII as well as areas attacked but not conquered. It lists the specific dates that various regions in Asia and the Pacific fell under Japanese control. It also provides background information on Japan in the 1920s-30s and key events leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, including the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, incidents in China, and Japan's alliance with Germany and Italy.
Italy was displeased with the outcome of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles. In 1922, Benito Mussolini and his fascist party took control of Italy in the March on Rome. Mussolini established a fascist government with himself as dictator. He invaded Ethiopia in 1935 in violation of treaties. In the late 1930s, Mussolini allied Italy with Nazi Germany and joined World War II on Germany's side. However, Italy was not well-prepared for war and suffered major losses and defeats. Mussolini was eventually overthrown and killed by Italian resistance forces in 1945.
This document provides information on various political and economic systems including types of governments (e.g. democracy, monarchy), political parties in the US, the Tea Party movement, and core concepts (e.g. liberal, conservative). It also covers presidential election maps from 1960-2012 and controversial issues like immigration, gun control, abortion, the environment, and healthcare.
The document summarizes many of the major relief programs and reforms of FDR's New Deal. It describes programs that provided relief for the unemployed like the CCC and NYA, as well as major public works projects through the PWA, CWA, and WPA. It also covers major financial reforms and regulations like the FDIC, SEC, Glass-Steagall Act, and FFDCA. Rural electrification and infrastructure were addressed by agencies such as the REA, TVA, and RHA.
The document provides background information on the Great Depression and the stock market crash of 1929. It discusses key terms, events, causes and effects of the period. Specifically, it outlines how speculation in the stock market led to inflated stock prices that eventually crashed in October 1929. This crash had widespread effects, causing banks to fail, businesses to cut production and lay off workers, and unemployment to rise sharply. Together these events marked the beginning of the Great Depression, a severe worldwide economic downturn that lasted through the 1930s.
The document provides an overview of several major civilizations and empires from ancient history, including Ancient Greece, the Persian Empire, the Roman Republic and Empire, the Byzantine Empire, and the Mongolian Empire. It then discusses the Middle Ages in Europe, known also as the Medieval period or Dark Ages, and explains why this era is sometimes referred to as the Dark Ages due to raids and a lack of focus on learning. Finally, it covers several topics related to Christianity during this time period such as reforms in the Catholic Church, the development of architecture like Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals, and the Crusades launched by the Pope to recapture the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
The document provides an overview of politics and society in the United States during the 1920s. Some key events and trends discussed include the Red Scare following WWI, the Palmer Raids targeting radicals, the Sacco and Vanzetti trial, immigration restrictions, prohibition, organized crime during prohibition led by figures like Al Capone, the Scopes Monkey Trial debate over teaching evolution, economic boom and bust period, and advances for women's rights including women's suffrage and access to birth control.
The document provides an overview of several major civilizations and empires from ancient history, including Ancient Greece, the Persian Empire, the Roman Republic and Empire, the Byzantine Empire, and the Mongolian Empire. It then discusses the Middle Ages in Europe, known also as the Medieval period or Dark Ages, and explains why this era is sometimes referred to as the Dark Ages due to raids and a lack of focus on learning. Finally, it covers several topics related to Christianity during this time period such as reforms in the Catholic Church, the development of architecture like Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals, and the Crusades launched by the Pope to recapture the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
Puerto Rico was claimed by Spain in 1493 and ceded to the US in 1898 after 400 years of Spanish rule. Puerto Ricans were granted citizenship in 1917. Since 1948, popularly elected governors have served and in 1952 a constitution provided for internal self-government. In plebiscites, voters chose to retain commonwealth status, though in 2012 a majority voted for statehood which is pending Congressional approval.
This document provides an overview of America's emergence as an imperial power in the late 19th century. It discusses the Spanish-American War of 1898, which was precipitated by Cuban revolts against Spanish rule and inflamed by "yellow journalism" in the American press. The sinking of the USS Maine further raised tensions. The U.S. defeated Spain and gained control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. This victory marked America's arrival as a world power with overseas territories and colonies.
Political machines like Tammany Hall provided social services and jobs to immigrants in cities in exchange for votes, leading to corruption. Boss Tweed and the "Tweed Ring" controlled Tammany Hall and embezzled millions, leading to reforms like the Pendleton Civil Service Act to establish merit-based government hiring. Most late 1800s/early 1900s presidents pushed reforms, with the exceptions of Grant and Taft who maintained the status quo.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
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The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
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Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
5. Treaty of Versailles
• Territorial
• The following land was taken away from Germany :
• Alsace-Lorraine (given to France)
• Eupen and Malmedy (given to Belgium)
• Northern Schleswig (given to Denmark)
• Hultschin (given to Czechoslovakia)
• West Prussia, Posen and Upper Silesia (given to Poland)
• The Saar, Danzig and Memel were put under the control of the League of
Nations and the people of these regions would be allowed to vote to stay in
Germany or not in a future referendum.
• The League of Nations also took control of Germany's overseas colonies.
• Germany had to return to Russia land taken in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Some
of this land was made into new states : Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia. An
enlarged Poland also received some of this land
6. Treaty of Versailles
• Military
• Germany’s army was reduced to 100,000 men; the army was not
allowed tanks
• Germany was not allowed to have an air force
• Germany was allowed only 6 capital naval ships and no submarines
• The Rhineland was made into a demilitarized zone (DMZ)
• No German soldier or weapon was allowed into this zone
• The Allies were to keep an army of occupation on the west bank
of the Rhine for 15 years
7. Treaty of Versailles
• Financial
• The loss of vital industrial territory would be a severe blow to
Germany’s economy
• Coal from the Saar and Upper Silesia in particular
• Germany had to pay $33 billion to the Allies(GB/France)
8. Treaty of Versailles
• General
• 1. Germany had to admit full responsibility for starting the war. This was Clause
231 - the infamous "War Guilt Clause".
• 2. Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria
• 3. A League of Nations was set up to keep world peace.
9. The German Reaction to the Treaty of Versailles
• There was anger throughout Germany when the terms were
made public
• The Treaty was seen by many Germans as being forced on them
and the Germans had no choice but to sign it
• Many in Germany did not want the Treaty signed
• German representatives in Paris knew that they had no choice
as Germany was incapable of restarting the war again
• Many right wing groups such as the Nazis believed in the
Dolchstoss Theory(Stab in the Back Theory)
• Blamed the “November Criminals”(the Weimer Republic) for
accepting treaty
21. Mein Kampf(My Struggle) Excerpts
• “If, with the help of his Marxist creed, the Jew is victorious over the other peoples of the world,
his crown will be the funeral wreath of humanity and this planet will, as it did thousands of
years ago, move through the ether devoid of men.”
• “Hence today I believe that I am acting in accordance with the will of the Almighty Creator: by
defending myself against the Jew, I am fighting for the work of the Lord.”
• “Here he stops at nothing, and in his vileness he becomes so gigantic that no one need be
surprised if among our people the personification of the devil as the symbol of all evil assumes
the living shape of the Jew.”
• “With satanic joy in his face, the black-haired Jewish youth lurks in wait for the unsuspecting
girl whom he defiles with his blood, thus stealing her from her people. With every means he
tries to destroy the racial foundations of the people he has set out to subjugate. Just as he
himself systematically ruins women and girls, he does not shrink back from pulling down the
blood barriers for others, even on a large scale. It was and it is Jews who bring the Negroes into
the Rhineland, always with the same secret thought and clear aim of ruining the hated white
race by the necessarily resulting bastardization, throwing it down from its cultural and political
height, and himself rising to be its master.”
22. Hitler Rise To Power
• Hitler is appointed
Chancellor is 1933
• President Paul von
Hindenburg dies shortly
after and Hitler dissolves
the Weimer Republic
•Early Actions of Hitler:
•Drops out of the
League of Nations
•Starts rearming
Germany
•Rearms the German
Rhineland area
28. Munich Conference--Chamberlain: “Peace for our
time”
• Hitler was given the Sudetenland
of Czechoslovakia
• Hitler promised that he was
done taking over territories
• Hitler wanted to re-unite all
German speaking people
• Became know as the “Policy of
Appeasement”
33. Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
German Ambassador von
Ribbentrop and Soviet dictator
Stalin laugh as Molotov signs
the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression
Pact on August 23, 1939
34. Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
• Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for
money and weapons
• Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the
war
• Secretly agreed to invade and split Poland. Germany
would get the western half and USSR the eastern half
• Russia would get Finland, Estonia and Latvia and
Germany would get Lithuania
35.
36. How did the world react to this pact?
• Shock
• Poland was scared
• Hitler thought it would force Great Britain and France to back out of
their promise to help Poland if attacked
38. Blitzkrieg-Lightning War-Video
1. Airforce attacks enemy front-line and rear positions, main roads, airfields and
communication centers. At the same time, infantry attacks on the entire frontline and
engages enemy.
2. Tank(panzer) units breakthrough main lines of defense and advance deeper into enemy
territory. While following, mechanized units pursue and engage defenders preventing
them from establishing defensive positions. Infantry continues to engage enemy for the
same reason.
3. Infantry attacks enemy flanks in order to link up with other groups to complete the
attack and eventually encircle the enemy and/or capture strategic position.
4. Mechanized groups go deeper into the enemy territory outflanking the enemy
positions and preventing withdrawing troops and defenders from establishing effective
defensive positions.
5. Main force links up with other units encircling and cutting off the enemy.
6. Goal was to achieve victory as quickly as possible
64. "What General Weygand called the Battle of France is over. I expect that
the Battle of Britain is about to begin. Upon this battle depends the
survival of Christian civilization. Upon it depends our own British life and
the long continuity of our institutions and our Empire. The whole fury and
might of the enemy must very soon be turned on us now. Hitler knows
that he will have to break us in this island or lose the war. If we can stand
up to him, all Europe may be free and the life of the world may move
forward into broad, sunlit uplands. But if we fail, then the whole world,
including the United States, including all that we have known and cared
for, will sink into the abyss of a new Dark Age, made more sinister, and
perhaps more protracted, by the lights of perverted science. Let us
therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the
British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will
say, "This was their finest hour."
Winston Churchill
65. Nazi Goals
1. Destroy the Royal Air Force(before invasion was
possible-hopefully by 9-15)
2. Attack and destroy the British Navy
3. Attack British troops
4. Once air control was gained, the invasion of Great
Britain would begin
**Germany never succeeded in achieving #1
**German bombers did so poorly against the RAF that they
started bombing at night only
**Great Britain was aided heavily by the radar and Ultra
70. German Invasion of USSR-June, 1941
• Final Plan for Operation
Barbarossa
71. Scorched Earth Policy
• Stalin demanded this of the Soviet
troops as they retreated
• What is this?
72. Battle for Moscow
• The Soviet Winter
Counteroffensive
December 6, 1941 -
April 30, 1942
• The Russian winter sets
in and make is a huge
turning point in the war
73. Battle of Stalingrad:
Winter of 1942-1943
German Army Russian Army
1,011,500 men 1,000,500 men
10,290 artillery guns 13,541 artillery guns
675 tanks 894 tanks
1,216 planes 1,115 planes
• Around two million total casualties
74. Siege of Leningrad
• On August 30th 1941, the Germans took over Leningrad's railroads,
cutting them off from the rest of Russia and the world.
• Unlike the Battle of Stalingrad, the Germans surrounded the city to
starve the city into submission
• Between November 1941 and October 1942, 641,000 people died of
starvation
• People resorted to eating rats, wallpaper paste and some resorted to
cannibalism
• Finally, a successful Russian counter-offensive at Stalingrad, drained
necessary resources the Germans needed to continue the blockade,
and eventually, it failed
• The Germans never took Leningrad, but it was one of the most costly
conflicts Russia had ever faced-over one million died
75. The North Africa Campaign:
The Battle of El Alamein, 1942
Gen. Ernst Rommel,
The “Desert Fox”
Gen. Bernard
Law
Montgomery
(“Monty”)
76.
77. The Italian Campaign
[“Operation Torch”] :
Europe’s “Soft Underbelly”
Allies plan assault on
weakest Axis area -
North Africa - Nov.
1942-May 1943
George S. Patton leads
American troops
Germans trapped in
Tunisia - surrender
over 275,000 troops.
78. The Battle for Sicily:
June, 1943
General
George S. Patton
88. July 20, 1944 Assassination Plot
Major Claus von
Stauffenberg
89. July 20, 1944 Assassination Plot
1. Adolf Hitler
2. Field Marshall Wilhelm Keitel
3. Gen Alfred von Jodl
4. Gen Walter Warlimont
5. Franz von Sonnleithner
6. Maj Herbert Buchs
7. Stenographer Heinz Buchholz
8. Lt Gen Hermann Fegelein
9. Col Nikolaus von Below
10. Rear Adm Hans-Erich Voss
11. Otto Gunsche, Hitler's adjutant
12. Gen Walter Scherff (injured)
13. Gen Ernst John von Freyend
14. Capt Heinz Assman (injured)
95. Nazi Propaganda
• "All propaganda must be so popular and on such an
intellectual level, that even the most stupid of those
toward whom it is directed will understand
it... Through clever and constant application of
propaganda, people can be made to see paradise as
hell, and also the other way around, to consider the
most wretched sort of life as paradise."
• -- Adolf Hitler
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102. The Holocaust
•The genocide of approximately six million European Jews
during World War II
• A program of systematic state-sponsored extermination by Nazi
Germany throughout Nazi-occupied territory
• Approximately two-thirds of the population of nine million Jews
who had lived in Europe before the Holocaust died
• Some say that the definition of the Holocaust should also include
the Nazis' killing of millions of people in other groups from
Germany and other occupied territory
• By this definition, the total number of Holocaust victims would
be between 11 million and 17 million people
103. Who was inferior according to Hitler?
1. Jews(6 million dead)
2. Gypsies(500,000 to 1.5 million)
3. mentally/physically handicapped people(75,000 to 250,000)
4. Soviet Slavs/POW’s/Troops-(16.5 million)The Russian Academy of Science in 1995 reported civilian
victims in the USSR, including Jews, at German hands totaled 13.7 million dead including 7.4 million victims of Nazi
genocide, 2.2 million deaths of persons deported to Germany for forced labor; and 4.1 million famine and disease
deaths in occupied territory. German captors killed an estimated 2.8 million Soviet POWs through starvation, exposure,
and execution
5. Poles(2.5 million dead)
6. Homosexuals(5-15 thousand dead)
7. communists/socialists(many but number not confirmed)
8. dark skinned people(death and forced sterilization)
9. mixed races-"The mulatto children came about through rape or the white mother
was a whore," Adolf Hitler
10. Jehovah’s Witnesses(2,500-5,000)
104. What is the Aryan Race?
•Nazis used term to refer to a so-called master
race that originated around Germany
•Perfect Aryan was blonde, blue-eyed, tall and
muscular
•The original term refers to a people speaking a
Indo-European dialect
105. Lebensborn-Fount of Life
• The program aimed to promote the growth of "superior"
Aryan populations by providing excellent health care and
living conditions to women and by restricting access to
those deemed “fit”
• Houses were set up throughout Germany and many
occupied territories
• Many Lebensborn children were born to unwed mothers
which helped lead to many rumors of rape.
• Contrary to widespread rumors, women were not forced
to have relations with Aryan Germans
106. Hitler’s Jewish Question-1933
•Nazis "temporarily" suspend civil liberties for all citizens
in 1933-Never restored.
•The Nazis set up the first concentration camp at Dachau
in 1933. The first inmates are 200 Communists.
•Jews are prohibited from working as civil servants,
doctors in the National Health Service, and teachers in
public high schools. All but few Jewish students are
banned from public high schools and colleges.
107. Nuremburg Laws 1935
1. Took away German citizenship from Jews thus making Jews second class
citizens by removing their basic civil rights.
2. Established membership in the Jewish race as being anyone who either
considered themselves Jewish or had three or four Jewish grandparents.
People with one or two Jewish grandparents were considered to be
mixed race.
- eventually anyone with at least one Jewish grandparent was at risk in
Nazi Germany
3. Jews could only marry Jews
4. No sexual relations between non-Jewish Germans and Jews
109. Kristallnacht-1938
“Night of the Broken Glass”
•On the nights of November 9 and 10, 1938, the Nazis
roamed through Jewish neighborhoods breaking windows
of Jewish businesses and homes, burning synagogues and
looting.
•In all, 101 synagogues were destroyed and almost 7,500
Jewish businesses were destroyed.
•26,000 Jews were arrested and sent to concentration
camps.
•Jews were physically attacked and beaten and 91 died in
the attack.
112. 1938-Cont.
• All Jewish children are expelled from public schools in
Germany and Austria.
• Nazis take control of Jewish-owned businesses.
113. 1939
•Hitler orders the systematic murder
of the mentally and physically
disabled in Germany and Austria
•Jews are required to wear
armbands or yellow stars
114. 1940
• Nazis begin deporting German
Jews to Poland
• Jews are forced into ghettos
• Nazis begin the first mass murder
of Jews in Poland
120. 1941
• Jews throughout Eastern Europe are forced into
ghettos
• In two days, German units shoot 33,771 Ukrainian
Jews at BabiYar- the largest single massacre of the
Holocaust
• The death camp at Chelmno in Poland begins
murdering Jews
121. 1942
• Nazi officials announce "Final Solution"- their plan to kill all
European Jews
• Five death camps begin operation in Poland: Majdanek, Sobibor,
Treblinka, Belzec, and Auschwitz-Birkenau
• Ghettos of Eastern Europe are being emptied as thousands of Jews
are shipped to death camps.
• The United States, Great Britian, and the Soviet Union acknowledge
that Germans are exterminating the Jews of Europe.
122. 1943
•Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto resist as the Nazis begin new
rounds of deportations. These Jews hold out for nearly a
month before the Nazis put down the uprising.
123. 1944
•Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000
Hungarian Jews each day to Auschwitz where they are
murdered
124. 1945
• Hitler is defeated and World War II ends in Europe.
• The Holocaust is over and the death camps are found
emptied.
• Many survivors are placed in displaced persons camps
until they find a country willing to accept them.
125. 1947
• The United Nations establishes a Jewish homeland in
British- controlled Palestine, which becomes the State
of Israel in 1948.